To answer the question: how to make stacking porcelain on the floor with your own hands, you need to understand technology.
In fact, this work is not the simplest but fully fulfilled.
This material is considered demanding to prepare the foundation.
How to laying a porcelain stoneware on the floor, made by different technologies (concrete, old or wooden floor), consider in detail.
From materials, in addition to the porcelain stoneware, it will be necessary:
- cross;
- sealant;
- grout;
- special glue;
- primer.
Tools for performing work:
- level;
- roulette;
- rubber trowel;
- simple and toothed spatulas;
- marker;
- capacity for glue;
- bulgarian (slabcores).
Properly laid tile, has high strength and resistance, but the porcelain stoneware itself is a very fragile material.
Therefore, during transportation it is treated with technical wax or paraffin to protect against fragility. Thus, you first need to remove the protective layer.
Wax is removed by water using detergents and cleaning products. Paraffin from the tile can be removed by a spatula.
Methods of laying a ceramographic
To date, there are the following methods for laying a porcelain tile:
- On the pre-prepared raised floor using special structures for fastening the plates. Such work is difficult to perform with your own hands, because for this it is necessary to build a carrying structure from related racks to which the flooring is placed;
- Laying on glue. This method is easier and familiar, allows you to perform work yourself. To do this, it is necessary to get acquainted with technology and some features of styling of porcelain stoneware.
The laying options can be different, but the classics are considered:
- checkers;
- deck (brickwork);
- labyrinth;
- honeycomb;
- network.
You can combine several options.
When choosing one of the options for laying, it should be borne in mind that small tiles are able to visually increase the room and vice versa, the large size of the porcelain stoneware decreases the room.
It is also a case with color: light tones will expand the space, but for these purposes it is not necessary to choose wide patterns.
Preparation of the foundation
The main condition for laying a porcelain is a smooth base that should be dry and clean.
Why it is impossible to use uneven gender:
- Porcelain stoneware has a sufficiently large weight. Because of this, during an excess of glue, drops may occur between the tiles, it will happen, especially if the difference in the base heights is significant.
- The standard tile size is 40x40 cm, the adhesive under it must be distributed evenly. It is easier to do it on a flat surface. When forming even small voids under the tile, after drying during the load of any object, it can be crack.
So, the base should be even. Subject to large drops of height, a concrete screed is made. If you put the tile with your own hands, it is easier to use a self-leveling mixture.
For the best adhesion of glue and floor covering, the base is covered with primer. The prerequisite for implementation is to wait when the prepared surface dry.
Laying a porcelain stoneware on the old wooden floor is possible if all the downloaded boards were previously removed, new fastened with the help of self-soles (no nails!).
A special substrate is placed on the floor, or drywall, and glue is applied to it and tile is installed.
Hyposkarton is also processed by primer.
If the installation is carried out on the floor heat, then it must be enabled to evaporate the moisture. Next, the warm floor is turned off and the time is given to the surface cooled.
It is possible to include it only after the tile is laid, the glue fully solidifies, the seams will be made. Then you will have a warm and beautiful floor.
Separate attention requires laying of flooring over the old ceramic tile. Immediately need to say what you can do.
But it is done only if the old coating is durable. If the cement-adhesive mixture is crushed under the tile, the tile is loosened, then they resort to the dismantling of the entire floor covering.
After that, it is necessary to align everything again and apply efforts according to the overall technology.
Check for strength, each tile is necessary, knocking on it with a hammer.
If some of them are walking, it is dismantled, and the formed uneven floors are equalized by cement mortar to the required level.
When the confidence appears that the basis is reliable, then, first of all, you need a glossy coating of an old tile to handle a grinder or make a serf for better hitch.
It is also necessary to degrease the coating of caustic soda. Stop the porcelain stoneware should be so that the seams of the previous tile do not coincide with the new ones.
It should be noted that with this option, the floor level rises. When laying in the bathroom or in the toilet, the level of flooring should be lower than the clad.
This is necessary to eliminate the possibility of flooding the entire premises.
Choose glue
For high-quality work on styling of porcelain, you need to choose the right glue.
The low coefficient of water stoneware waters determines the selection of glue, which should have high surface clutch abilities with the material.
The defining factor is the instruction on the packaging.
However, there are some rules for obtaining a better binder:
- The mixture should be filled into water, and not vice versa;
- The proportions indicated on the package should be followed. Eliminates the addition of various additives and impurities;
- The glue will be ready when the consistency will resemble the similarity of liquid plasticine, that is, not very liquid and not too thick, as well as without lumps and bubbles;
- The use of glue is limited in time (only a few hours, different types of glue are designed at different times), so it should not immediately knead a large amount.
Technology laying on glue composition
The laying technology begins with the selection of the correct tools whose list can be viewed above. Depending on the size of the porcelain tile, a spatula is selected.
The larger the size of the tile, the larger the teeth should be.
There are various options for laying the tile, in any case, first marks the middle of the floor. For convenience, the cord is stretched.
Work on the installation of porcelain stoneware begins with the middle of the room in such a way that there should be a middle tile or her seams along the cord.
This is done for symmetry: at the edges of the room, even the cropped pieces will be the same width.
The prepared base is applied with a thin layer adhesive, not more than 5 mm. It is done for each tile separately, not on the entire surface immediately.
A glue is also applied to the back side of the porcelain tile.
The tile fit neatly, put on the edge, aligns (plane marking can be made in advance or use the laser level) and presses.
The gap between the tiles is controlled by crossbars to ensure the evenness of the seams. You can move the laid outdoor coating during the first 10 minutes.
If there is a break in the paper, then after it, it is not necessary to align the tile on the laid before, to avoid drops, since it has already been as for, and "fresh" it is only to be.
The glue dries during the day, the complete hitch occurs after three days.
After the glue grabbed with floorpad, the seams are putting. There are various ways to perform this work.
It is possible to make a coating more neutral by carrying out the stamps of the seams in the tone. To emphasize patterns, make an emphasis on contrast, it is better to use the grout of another color.
Seams when grouting should be clean. From the seams, the grout solution is applied diagonally.
The resulting gaps between the wall and tiles are filled with silicone sealant. After the end of the work, you can make a wet cleaning, but do not pour everything with water, and remove the mock with a wet rag or sponge.
You can get into the washing of floors in the usual way you can two weeks later.
When docking a porcelain stoneware with other materials, for example, a laminate or parquet use the thresholds. This is necessary to exclude cracks.
The wooden floor has a property to expand or narrow under the influence of temperature. If the butt is straight, then you can use aluminum thresholds.
With a curvilinear junction, plastic bending threshings are used.
On the video you can see the procedure for laying a porcelain stoneware with your own hands.
