Laying a porcelain stoneware lesson. The technique of work is slightly similar to the styling of ceramic tiles, however, has its own characteristics. For styling a porcelain stoneware, it is not enough to have a theoretical idea, it is important to strictly stick to the rules and have a lot of exposure. After all, the whole complex of work takes a lot of time.
Before laying porcelain stoneware on the floor, you need to select a pattern of masonry. Even if conventional square sheets are used, they can be laid differently, and it will change the perception of the space room. In addition, it is rarely possible to perform styling of porcelain stoneware on the floor without trimming the material. Therefore, for a start, it is necessary to determine how much the tiles will have to cut, and what width will be cutting parts. If the cutting is more than half of the sheet, you can divide the cutting part to 2 and lay out the cropped tile around the perimeter of the room, and in the center there will be a whole.
Another option is to share anything, but simply putting the porcelain stoneware on the floor, ranging from one of the walls. But then you need to be prepared for the fact that the opposite wall will be covered, and symmetry will not work. Often choose the masonry option at an angle of 45 oh. This visually increases the volume of the room.
Rectangular porcelain tiles lengthen the room. Small tiles increase the space, and large - reduce. A drawing from a combination of large and small tiles adds softness to the room.
Preparation of the foundation before laying a porcelain stoneware
More demanding material to the base of the floor than porcelain stoneware, it is difficult to find. However, it is also hard to find a more durable, durable and reliable floor material. Works need to start not with the question: how to put porcelain stoneware on the floor, but from how to prepare the base for laying.
The floor should be absolutely smooth, dry, low-fat and clean. Extinity is the first and main problem. The floors in modern apartments are hard to call even, construction companies do not set the goal to provide future tenants with an easy life during repair. But in private houses made on the conscience and under the complete control of future owners, things are better. However, it may still be needed to smoke. Do it with the help of glue for porcelain stoneware is very expensive. Therefore, it is best to take advantage of self-leveling mixtures. For inexperienced builders, this is a profitable and easy way to achieve flatness. If the height differences are significant, the rough alignment is better made by cement, and the surface, piston, self-leveling mixture. Concrete fields for better adhesion with glue are worked with primer.
When the floor is even, it needs to be cleaned high quality and degrease. You can make it caustic soda. Plates of porcelain book can only be laid on the dry floor. If the "Warm floor" system is laid under the floor, it is necessary to warm it up so that all moisture on the surface evaporated, then turn off and wait until completely cooling.
Separate laying option - Wooden floor. Since the tree is a living material, breathable and capable of changing its proportions, porcelain stoneware should be protected from any changes to the base, even the very minimum. Therefore, a special substrate is spun on the wooden floor. In this case, the adhesive for porcelain stoneware should be either one-component elastic, or if from two components, then on a polyurethane or epoxy basis. For the wooden floor, the output can be laying on plasterboard. But this is the basis for preventing water absorption, it is necessary to be primed.
Cooking porcelain stacking
Porcelain stoneware is a very fragile material, because when transporting it is protected from fragility. Technical wax or paraffin is applied on the front of the panels. Before starting the laying, the protective layer needs to be removed. The wax is better to remove, wash the plates using the solvent of fats, etc. cleaning agents. Paraffin will have to carefully clean the spatula.
How to lay out the porcelain stoneware: Procedure
Step 1. When the base and the refinery itself prepared, you need to cook glue. Conventional cement mixtures will not be able to keep large slabs of porcelain stoneware. Therefore, only special adhesives need to use. When mixing glue with water, you need to ensure that the mass is homogeneous, without air bubbles and lumps.
The glue retains its characteristics from 2 to 8 hours. This time is usually indicated in the instructions. Therefore, it is better to prepare portion.
Step 2.. Glue is applied to the surface of the floor. The layer must be homogeneous, without voids. For tiles of small sizes, a spatula with a teeth of 8 mm is applied, for large sizes of tiles - a spatula with large teeth. The thickness of the applied adhesive composition should not be more than 5 mm. The glue is applied to each tile separately. That is, when the first tile is laid, then glue for the second plate of porcelain stoneware. On the back of the tile is also applied glue composition.
Step 3.. Gently laid the first tile of porcelain stoneware. To do this, it is put on the edge, aligning one of the planes. Alignment lines are best to outline with a laser level, but if there is no level, you can make markup. Then the porcelain stoneware is smoothly lowered onto the glue composition.
Step 4.. Align porcelain. For the tiles of large formats, you will need a cynica or other rubber hammer. The tile should lie down exactly, evenness is checked using a construction level.
Step 5.. Surplus glue must be removed. After that, steps 2-3 are repeated for the second tile. For high-quality alignment of tiles relative to each other, special crosses are used. They are placed on the joints of the plates, so the gap between the plates is obtained equal.
How to avoid mistakes, laying porcelain on the floor?
How to put porcelain stoneware on the floor is already clear, but in the process of laying there may be many unexpected situations, therefore you need to know which errors may be, and how to avoid them.
After applying the adhesive composition and laying one tile, it can be smoked (shift, move, move) not more than 15 minutes, better than 10. Otherwise, the glue composition will begin to be seized that it may be further affected by the mounting plate.
Sometimes during the installation you need to take a break in work, it is still quite a long time. Without breaks, it will not work. It is necessary to consider that the tiles laid an hour ago will be lower than those that are put on the floor now. This is a natural shrinkage, it is not large, less than 1 mm. However, it can be noticed. Stacked porcelain tiles will still settle, and if they align the horizon at once, the plates will be consequeled at different levels.
The glue is captured partially during the day. After that, you can perform the grout of the seams. However, it is still impossible to operate such a "daily" floor. It is best to give it to stand from 3 days to 2 weeks, depends on the conditions and glue. And then he will only enjoy the result of the work done.
