If in your apartment is constantly felt by foreign smells and the edge air, it means that ventilation is either missing or not working. In addition to the presence of odors, which themselves are harmless, poor air exchange is fraught with the fact that repairs in the apartment will have to do more often, since in stagnant wet air they begin to quickly multiply spores of mold and deposit then in secluded angles in the form of fungus raids. In the kitchen, with a bad hood on the ceiling and walls, particles gary and fat are settled, quickly upgrading fresh repairs.
An even greater harm of the lack of ventilation brings health. In stagnation, the oxygen content is reduced, but there is an excess of carbon dioxide. A man in such an atmosphere quickly gets tired, does not feel cheerful, headaches may begin. Gary particles and mold disputes are settled in the lungs, slowly destroying health. In short, it is time to do the installation of ventilation in the kitchen - to find out the causes of the poor air and eliminate them.
Requirements for ventilation of the kitchen and checking her work
In the houses of Khrushchev, the kitchen is usually small, another part of the area eats up the vertical ventilation shaft. The mine is an engineering structure whose parameters are carefully calculated at the design stage of the house. It is a vertical box, originating in the basement and leaving on the roof. In the bathrooms and kitchens of each apartment there are ventilation grids through which air enters the mine and is displayed out.
The performance of the mine can be checked by bringing a sheet of paper to the grille. If the stick sticks to the lattice, the ventilation is working normally. If the paper does not hold at all - the ventilation is clogged, partially collapsed or someone from the tenants fraudulently broke the wall of the mine to zoom in the area of \u200b\u200bthe kitchen. To check, open the windows and lean the sheet to the lattice again. If the thrust is still missing, the problem is really in the mine. To clean or restore it, you need to apply for a competent organization. If the thrust appeared - you will have to put a trim fan, since the sealed windows prevent air movement.
Types of ventilation
Air exchange in apartment buildings is carried out in three ways:
- Natural implies the use of thrust that the pressure drop in ventilation mines creates. Its action is described above.
- The combined uses either forced air supply and natural output through the mine, or air flow through windows, windows, slots and outflows with fans embedded in holes for exhaust.
- Forced system involves the installation of fans of both types - supply and exhaust. This ventilation can be autonomous and centralized.
The autonomous type involves the work of the exhaust fan at the entrance to the mine on the facade of the building. Also, air can act through the supply valves.
The centralized type is a ventilation chamber with supply and exhaust installations. This system works constantly.
Ventilation system in the kitchen
The simplest kitchen ventilation system consists of an exhaust, duct and return valve. First, you should calculate the required power output. To do this, you need to remember the multiplication table. Or take in the hands of a calculator:
- reduce the area of \u200b\u200bthe kitchen and the ceiling height;
- the resulting number multiplied by 12;
- to the resulting digit add 30%, or simply multiply by 1.3;
- the result is an approximate drawing power.
The air ducts rarely have a direct shape, and when the gases are lost, part of the power is lost, so 30% add to the resulting digit.
How to choose an exhaust?
Now we go to choose an exhaust. By way of installing the hoods are divided into:
- Embedded. As you can see from the name, the hood is embedded in the kitchen furniture, only the lattice remains outside. This species easily fits into the design of any kitchen.
- Wall. Mount to the wall above the stove. Extracts of this type appeared the very first, and still enjoy in great demand and are produced in a huge assortment.
- Island. They hang to the ceiling and most suitable for kitchens with an island.
- Suspended. Mounting between the wall cabinet and stove.
Also, the hoods can be divided according to the principle of operation. Flowing outlines contaminated air into the mine, and circulating does not connect to the air duct system, they purify air with special filters. The most effective is the flow hood.
Installation of ventilation in the kitchen
Most likely you have chosen a flowing system of ventilation, and in the store you are offered a complete air duct and a return valve, and at the same time they explained that the valve does not allow the air from the mine in the apartment. If there is no traction in your apartment, buy a damping valve. Now it remains to install it right.
Installation of the supply valve
The trim valve usually put between the heating battery and the windowsill. Structurally, it is designed so that the air in it is partially cleaned from dust particles. To install the valve, you should drill a hole in the wall with a diameter of 60-70 mm. You need to drill with a small slope down so that moisture from the street does not fall into the room. In the finished hole you need to insert a piece of a suitable diameter pipe. The length of the pipe exceeds the width of the wall by about 12 mm. We install the pipe serving part inside the room. If there is free space between the wall and the tube, it should be sealed with the mounting foam. Next, we strengthen the box from the kit from the kit, insert the noise absorbing material into it, which must also be included and closed the top cover.
One valve is designed to provide the fresh air of one person, so if several people live in the apartment, and the windows are hermetic, it is worth installing such a device in each room.
Connecting exhaust fan
The influx of fresh air into the kitchen we provided. Now you need to organize the outflow of the polluted, and for this connect exhaust fans in the bathroom and kitchen.
In the toilet make a hood more conveniently with a switch with two keys, when one key turns on the light, and the other is a fan. This scheme can be complicated and connected to a timer to fan that can be programmed at any time. Such connection is convenient for both toilet and for the bathroom. The fan will be turned on simultaneously with the light and turn off at a certain time. Even more convenient, although more expensive, design with motion and humidity sensors. Then the whole system will work automatically. Setting the motion sensor will be convenient in the toilet, then the fan will trigger from the sensor signal, and turn off after a specified period of time. The humidity sensor is suitable for the bathroom, then the fan will work until the humidity decreases to the desired value. With such a sensor, you can forget about the appearance of mold and about long drying underwear in the bathroom.
Connecting an exhaust in the kitchen to ventilation
To do this, set the extract and connect it to the ventilation mine at home and to the electrical network.
Mounting hood is easy. Its detailed description is necessarily present in the instructions. The distance from the gas stove to the exhaust must be at least 90 cm, from the electric stove - 70 cm. Next, you need to connect the hood to the air duct. It can be plastic or corrugated metal. The latter is better to remove into a special box. Then the kitchen design will not suffer.
If there are two ventilation channels in the apartment, the exhaust is connected to one, then the second works as natural ventilation. If the channel is one that often happens in panel houses, you should buy a special adapter in which the grill is provided for natural ventilation. The drawing air duct is connected to its top. The disadvantage of this method is that when the exhaust is turned on, excessive pressure and part of the exhaust air can throw back to the apartment. You can reduce this effect by purchasing a lattice with a special protrusion at the bottom of the round air duct. This protrusion is already in the channel directs the exhaust air upwards, preventing it from getting back.
There is a more reliable way to maintain natural ventilation - install a special tee before entering Ventkanal. Two outputs are used to connect the duct and ventkalanal, and the third mounting valve is mounted. It prevents the penetration of polluted indoor air. It works like this: when the hood turns on - the valve closes and the kitchen chad does not get back to the kitchen. When the hood is turned off, the valve is open and maintains natural ventilation. Ventilation in the kitchen with a gas stove must necessarily preserve the natural continuous air current. Otherwise, use the gas can be dangerous.
Ventilation in the kitchen in a private house
To improve ventilation in the kitchen of a private house there are several restrictions that should be considered when connecting the gas stove and exhaust. In the kitchen should be:
- ceilings at least 2.2 meters in height;
- at least one window with a window opening;
- vertical exhaust channel.
Also, the documents are regulated by the required speed of air exchange. For the gas stove, ventilation is considered effective at a speed of 140 cubic meters per hour.
For normal air circulation in the house should be holes for retracting and exhaust ventilation. The retractable is located in the outer wall of the house at a height of at least 2 meters above the foundation, the exhaust must go to the roof. Natural ventilation in a private house is not always enough and increasingly homeowners establish a system of forced air exchange. It consists of subtle fans and can be complemented with a recuperator - a modern device that allows you to warm the incoming cold air without increasing heating costs. These devices are not suiced, but they are easy to make them. The efficiency of homemade recuperators is somewhat lower than factory, but they cope with their task.
