How to make glue at home - reliable and simple recipes. Homemade glue - very detailed material

Any repair, whether in an apartment or a house, will not do without glue. Today, the choice of adhesive mixtures in the store is very, very large. But, their quality, sometimes, leaves much to be desired. Many builders make homemade glue at home right from improvised means. However, we note that in each case the composition of the adhesive may be different, because it may be suitable for different materials, for example, one for paper and the other for wood.

In this article, we will look at various home-made adhesive mixtures that can be easily prepared in simple home conditions, while not spending a lot of money on its preparation. So let's go!

The recipe of paste on the traditional recipe from flour

Such glue is used quite often in a variety of situations. Most often, its preparation is resorted to.when urgently needed, for example, when the glue from the store ends, during the wallpaper update. Therefore, in order not to run to the store for a new pack (which apparently will only be used by 1/3), it is easier to make your own glue, which will not be any worse. In addition to all this glue is not toxic, and quite safe for use at home. The main component is flour, which certainly is in every home. The relationship of glue is the following - 1 liter of glue is enough for 2, 3 rolls of wallpaper.

Prepare the following components:

Capacity in which glue will mix;

6 tablespoons of flour per liter of water;

Water, according to the amount of flour (1 liter per 6 tablespoons).

Prepare the glue as follows:

1. Heat the water to a boil;

2. In a separate container, stir the flour with cold water until a mixture is formed, like liquid sour cream (and always without lumps);

3. Now, pour a thin stream of boiling water into this mixture, while constantly stirring it with a spoon;

4. After mixing, boil the mixture again and let it cool.

The finished consistency should resemble thick kissel. Similarly, you can make this glue with the use of starch instead of flour, and it will not be a bit different from the flour. In some cases, this glue can show itself even more efficiently than the glue from the store. If you are afraid to put such glue on the wallpaper, test it on small pieces of wallpaper, sticking them together. In general, this glue can be used with any wall surface, stick paper with cardboard and other types of paper. In a word, experiment and see everything with your own eyes.

Homemade PVA glue

The second, equally popular and effective is the home glue PVA. If you think that the factory makes glue on some special technology, you are mistaken, because the exact same glue can be made at home. Agree, this type of glue is one of the most common. It is used as inclerical sphere, and in construction, that is, in fact it can be called universal glue. Well, it's time to move on to how to make it all the same. This will require:

1. Distilled water in a volume of 1 l;

2. Photographic gelatin (can be bought in any store of goods for cameras) in the amount of 5 grams;

3. Pharmacy glycerin (4 grams are enough);

4. Wheat flour, about 100-150 grams;

5. Ethyl alcohol in a volume of 20 ml (can be purchased at any pharmacy).

Conventionally, the manufacture can be divided into two stages:

This is a preliminary preparation, during which gelatin must be soaked in a glass of water;

And the cooking process itself.

So, a day after the swelling of gelatin, you can begin to manufacture PVA.

Помест Place distilled water in a water bath, in some container. Next, add the gelatin into it, and stir in the flour mixed in a little water (again, without lumps);

∙ Blend the mixed consistency, but do not boil. Pay attention to how the mixture will be guta and white, like sour cream. Stir it so that the glue is as a result uniform, without lumps.

∙ It remains to add only glycerin and ethyl alcohol. Stir constantly and stir the mixture again so that it is as thick as possible. Stirring time should be about 10 minutes, so do not think that two stirring with a spoon will be enough. It is possible to use glue only after its complete cooling.

How to make a carpenter's glue yourself?

This glue is ideal for wood. Also, it effectively glues paper and cardboard, other materials from cellulose, and in some cases even plastic. However, with this glue you need to highlight a couple of drawbacks:

Firstly, it is not stored for too long in liquid and perishable form;

And secondly, it has just a disgusting and sharp smell, which can only be reconciled.

Partially, this problem disappears if it is pre-boiled and made gelatinous mass. Then, its duration increases, and, if necessary, you can cut a piece of the desired size, heat it over a low fire, and exploit it. There are several recipes for making this glue. The most elementary and accessible to you, we describe below.

Method one.  Take ordinary wood glue. Crush it and soak in water until it swells. So, he will soften, and will become like a jelly. In the same condition, place it in a container for melting, called glue. The easiest way such a container can be made from ordinary cans (condensed milk or canned pineapples). Ship the gelatinous mass into such a jar, and put it in a water bath (there must be a very weak fire). Stir the mass, heated with a wooden spoon, or a stick (for example, from sushi). You need to constantly stir, because in the case of burning, the mass will acquire a yellowish color, while losing its adhesive quality. After mass transfer to the liquid state, dilute it with vodka with the following ratio: 720 grams of glue need 950 grams of vodka. Then, for every 100 grams of glue, add 12 g of powdered alum. The resulting homemade carpenter's glue will have a high degree of adhesion and have excellent water repellency characteristics.

The second way.In the same glue, mix the wood glue and water with a ratio of 1 to 1. After the mixture begins to boil, it will thicken slightly, and at this stage it must be poured into a ceramic mortar and rubbed with a pestle until a gelatinous mass is formed. After, lay the glue on a plate, cool, and cut into the necessary pieces. If necessary, mix the glue with vodka in a different ratio - 720g (glue) / 360 g (vodka). Bring the mixture to a boil, then cool anduse.

The third way. Boil a mixture of one liter of water, a kilogram of wood glue, and one liter of 9 percent table vinegar in a water bath. After stirring this consistency, gradually add a liter of vodka to it.

The fourth method.   Dilute the wood glue with water in a one-to-one ratio. Heat it in a water bath until the mixture thickens completely. After, add one part glycerol (equal parts of the glue that was originally taken). Put on a small fire and wait until the water evaporates completely. It remains only to lay out the mold and dry the glue. Before using it, mix with water in an amount of 1 to 1.

Homemade glue for foam plastic

Recently, the need for such glue has become acutely acute. This is due to the fact that the cases of wall insulation, sound insulation, in which the use of foam plastic, and other materials like it are necessary, have become more frequent. You can use the glue from the store, but, as a rule, it is afraid of solvents, like acetone. Therefore, you can use the wood glue listed above.

Otherwise, you can make glue, especially for polystyrene, from homemade curd. This will require mixing in equal proportions slaked lime with cottage cheese, stirring, to obtain a homogeneous mass. Try to use this glue immediately after mixing, as it hardens pretty quickly.

Casein-based glue for wood and leather

For gluing wooden or leather products, casein glue will be very effective. This type of homemade glue is also suitable for other materials, for example for gluing puzzles. But, in order to make such glue, you need to get casein itself, so the whole process of glue preparation must be divided into two stages.

The first stage will be to isolate casein from the curd. For this, cottage cheese must be fat free. To get such a cottage cheese, you can soak it in soda solution, and you need to dilute 1-2 tablespoons of soda per liter of water (about 15-20 minutes). After that, it must be thoroughly rinsed with running water, pressed and dried to a hardness. Now, it remains to prepare a powder from it, which will be dry casein.

In the second stage, you need to prepare the glue itself. To make it, you need to pour casein into a flat bowl, pouring a thin stream of water into it. Do not forget to stir the mixture. The ratio will be as follows: for one part casein, you need to take two parts of water. Need to get a thick mass. Now, the most crucial part of the preparation comes, it is mixing this mass. People the better and better you mix the mixture, the better it will turn out glue. In general, this procedure will take at least 30 minutes, although with a mixer, this can be done faster. As a result, such glue will perfectly glue together wooden fragments, as well as leather, for example, shoes. You need to use this glue as quickly as possible, within 3 hours after production.

Clay for needlework

Needlework involved in many housewives. Quite often they make fabric flowers, which require special fabric glue for their products. This glue can also be made by yourself at home. There are some simple ways that we now consider.

Method number 1

To do this, you need 3 tablespoons of flour and a glass of water. Dilute the flour with a small amount of water, heat the rest of the water, and pour the flour mixed with water into it in a thin stream.

Method number 2

In the second method, we need a tablespoon of flour, also a tablespoon of starch, 1 tbsp. l sugar and a glass of water. Stir all ingredients and bring to a boil, make sure that no lumps form.

Method number 3

You will need a bag of gelatin, two tablespoons of flour, a tablespoon of sugar, and a glass of water. Soak gelatin in 1/3 cup of water at night, and in the morning in the rest of the water, knead the gelatin and the other components. Bring to a boil, and then store the glue only in the refrigerator.

Dextrin based adhesive

For classes with paper, various types of application, it is not always possible to use PVA glue. For example, dextrin-based glue, which is easy to make at home, is ideal. In order to get dextrin, you can use starch. Take the pot, put the starch in it and put it in the oven on a small fire. Gradually increase the temperature of the oven to 160 ° C, and maintain it for about an hour and a half. So, starch will be split, and turn into dextrin.

For the glue you will need 3 tablespoons of dextrin, 5 tablespoons of water, and a spoon of glycerin. Stir dextrin with water, heat the mixture to completely dissolve the dextrin, and then add glycerin. Stir, and after cooling get ready glue.

Glue based on acetone and linoleum

To make homemade glue at home, you can read a lot of recipes, and one of the cheapest is such glue. So, for its preparation you need to take the old linoleum, cut it into small pieces, and impose on the bottom of the pot. Pour it with acetone in the ratio of 1 to 2 parts (1 part linoleum, 2 parts acetone). Then, tightly close the container, and leave for 12 hours (preferably in a dark place). After this time, the glue will be ready. It can glue metal, porcelain, wood or leather.

Universal moisture resistant glue

Pretty simple recipe for a homemade all-purpose adhesive that is moisture resistant. To do this, it is enough to take the wood glue, soak it in water until it is full of swelling. After that, bring to a gelatinous state, adding linseed oil to the container.

Well, as you can see, there are a lot of ways to make homemade glue at home. In addition, each adhesive is suitable for use with one type of material or another. Plus, this is not all recipes for homemade adhesives, because there are really a lot of them.

Polyurethane foam. Help in choosing. Secrets of use

In home use  Often there is a need to glue or glue one or another object made of wood, plastic, rubber, fabric, etc. The industry produces ready-made glue for various purposes. In this case, you can use the improvised means and make the glue yourself.

Carpenter's glue indispensable for gluing wood, paper, cardboard. When using wood glue is better to use glue, pre-welded and then dispersed as needed on the fire. Boil wood glue should be in a special container (glue), which is not difficult to make two cans (the principle of a water bath). 10-12 hours before boiling, the glue tile should be broken into small pieces, put them into the glue board and pour with cold water so that all the glue is covered with it. Then, when the glue absorbs all the water and turns into a gelatinous mass, pour hot water into the outer container and put it on a light fire. Depending on the desired thickness, hot water can be added to the glue. When heated, the glue must be constantly stirred with a stick to prevent it from burning, otherwise it becomes dark and loses some of its adhesive power. Boil wood glue should not. When there are no lumps in the mass of glue, it is ready. Boiled glue is poured on a plate, on which they allow it to cool. It turns out gelatinous mass, from which the pieces are cut off and dissolved by heating.

For skin bonding  Glycerin should be added to the wood glue (a teaspoon per half liter of glue).

To improve the quality of wood glue  Use the following helpful directions. Ordinary carpentry glue is soaked in water until it swells and turns into a relatively soft mass. After that, drain the water, melt it on fire gently and not for long, so that it does not burn. By etching, the glue is diluted not with water, but with vodka, and another 12 g of alum in powder is added per 100 g of wood glue. The glue prepared in this way is very durable and well resistant to water.

Starch paste  mainly used for gluing paper. Cook it should be so. For half a glass of cold water, take four teaspoons of potato or wheat flour and mix thoroughly so that there are no lumps. After this, it is necessary to pour in boiling water, continuously stirring with a wooden stick (the metal spoon will quickly heat up and cannot be held). A well-prepared paste should be transparent and resemble thick jelly. Klester quickly deteriorates and loses its adhesive properties, so it should not be stockpiled.

When sticking paper onto cardboard  always smear with paper, not cardboard. The paper is allowed to lie down for 1-2 minutes and then it is applied and rubbed.

Casein glue glues the same items as carpentry, but has the advantage of being less afraid of moisture.
To prepare casein glue is quite simple. To do this, pour casein powder (it should be yellow or whitish, without lumps) into a flat dish (plate, bowl, saucer), then gradually pour cold water, stirring continuously until a mass of such thickness as sour cream is obtained.
Casein glue should be stirred for as long as possible, at least for half an hour, as the quality of gluing depends on it.

Casein easy to prepare  from low-fat cottage cheese, which for this is wrung out in gauze, washed well in water with a small amount of soda, and then in pure water, wrung hard and dried; after complete drying, triturate and sieve.

Another way to prepare casein glue. Take the cottage cheese (casein) and gradually add it to the saturated solution of borax, until the cottage cheese ceases to dissolve. A thick transparent liquid with high tackiness, suitable for labeling labels, postage stamps, etc., is obtained. Moisturize the item before sticking. Adding a few drops of liquid formalin will keep the quality of this glue for a long time.

Dextrin glue  can successfully glue paper, cardboard, fabrics, leather, etc.
Dextrin glue is prepared as follows: 3 tablespoons of dextrin are kneaded in 4-5 spoons of cold water, heated, stirring further, and a tablespoon of glycerin added. Keep in well corked dishes. Use cold glue.

Dextrin is prepared from starch,  which is placed in a porcelain or enamelled container and placed in the oven (oven). The temperature in the oven is gradually increased to 160 ° C. At this temperature, the starch is kept for 1 hour and 45 minutes. Starch in the process of temperature splitting acquires a yellowish color. In this state, it turns into dextrin. With a weaker warm-up, the splitting process is slower, and with a stronger one, the starch burns.

Celluloid glue recommended for gluing celluloid, paper and plastics. You can prepare it from an old photo film. First you need to soak it in warm water, rinse the emulsion off of it, then cut into small pieces, put into a vial with a ground stopper and pour over with acetone (you can use a solution to rinse the nail polish). The amount of acetone should be twice the volume of the film. Bubble must be tightly closed and allowed to stand, occasionally shaking. When the film is completely dissolved, the glue is ready. In terms of thickness, it should resemble liquid sour cream. Although the vial is closed with a ground-in stopper, it should be wrapped around the neck with a panicle (chocolate wrapper) or tied with parchment paper.

Waterproof glue.  For the preparation of glue, not afraid of moisture, you can use freshly coagulated milk or cottage cheese, which is mixed with slaked lime to obtain a homogeneous thick mass. The resulting mass and put a uniform, thin layer on the bonded wooden surface, which is then strongly compressed and dried.
Another way: 100 g of good wood glue boil in a glass of water until the density of molasses and then 35 g of drying oil is dissolved in it. Use this glue in a heated state. Parts of wood glued with this glue are not afraid of either cold or hot water and become completely impenetrable from it.

Glue for rubber.  A piece of soft rubber crumble into small pieces, which insist for several days on clean, light (aviation) gasoline.
The result is a rubber solution, which is carefully drained, filtered and left open in a warm place until a thick mass is obtained. It is used for bonding rubber products. Connected surfaces must be degreased.

Some items  can be glued without the use of factory glue, using improvised means.

Porcelain and faience  can be glued with cottage cheese, diluted with liquid ammonia to the thickness of the slurry. The thing intended for gluing should be cleaned along the edges of the fault, smeared with gruel, firmly tied and allowed to dry. There is another way. A broken faience (small) thing should be folded neatly, firmly tied and put into boiling milk for a few minutes, then removed and left to dry for 24 hours.

Porcelain can be glued together with glue,  home-cooked dry casein powder (20 g), sifted with slaked lime (6 g) washing soda (10 g), which are mixed into 8 g of office glue and 8 g of water to a cream thickness.

Glassit is recommended to glue with gelatin, to which a small amount of an aqueous solution of potassium dichromate (potassium dichromate) is added. Glued object must be put in the bright sun: under the action of light, the glue becomes insoluble and withstands hot water.

Before thinking about how to make PVA glue at home, you need to decide - why do you need such “chemical creativity”? Independent manufacture of adhesive compositions is relevant in cases where there are doubts about the quality of purchased analogues or they are not available in retail.

PVA glue - basic characteristics

In addition, self-made glue can give unique features by changing the recipe, it is permissible to paint it in the colors of light tones. With applying liquid wallpaper  or pasting walls with thin paper rolls matching the adhesive layer to their color will greatly facilitate the work. The repair popularity of a water-based PolyVinyl Acetate emulsion (this is what the acronym PVA stands for) is associated with its impressive properties:

• Frost - it is important to understand that we are talking about resistance to freezing of the already applied adhesive layer. PVA in liquid form does not tolerate frost!  If you leave a container with liquid polyvinyl acetate glue for the winter in a “cold” garage or cellar, you can safely throw it out in the spring - the thawed liquid will not glue and thin sheets of paper;
• High adhesive ability. For a reliable connection of parts of the glue unit, a relatively small amount of glue is necessary, after tight coupling of parts it is difficult to tear them apart (more often, the gap occurs on the base material, and not on the glue edge). According to the current standards for industrial PVA, the strength of breaking of taped compounds is from 400 to 550 N / m. Home-made glue will be no less durable if you follow the technology of its manufacture (see below);
• Safety in manufacture, storage and operation. PVA has no toxic components, does not ignite and does not emit harmful compounds.. It does not harm the skin of the hands, except that the eyes should be protected from the ingress of glue splashes - but even with such a nuisance it is easy to cope, it is enough to rinse with water, and the organs of sight will not suffer at all;
• Good solubility in ordinary water and compatibility with organic solvents - benzene, methanol, acetone, etc. If PVA is diluted with toxic solvents, then their negative properties for humans are transferred to the entire emulsion.;
• Due to the high strength of the applied thin layer, this glue is indispensable with a small thickness of the glued surfaces;
• When drying polyvinyl acetate is not characterized by shrinkage, it does not form a cavity. Excess glue is easily removed from the outer surface with an ordinary sponge and does not harm the most delicate coating (wallpaper glitter, tissue paper, etc.);
• The dried adhesive mass is quite durable; it can fill thin mounting holes (up to 2 mm). This useful property is in demand when decorating walls with wallpaper, especially when painting non-woven wallpaper  - thus, it is possible to “smooth out” minor flaws such as joints of various thickness.

How to make glue for different cases of repair life

The collective name "PVA glue" extends to a wide range of adhesives, whose formulation and purpose are very different from each other. Their purpose can be judged by letter marking - the scope should definitely be indicated on the packaging and in the technical documentation:

• PVA-K - ordinary composition of office assignment. Flowing liquid is white (shades of yellow are allowed), without lumps, a film on the surface of the tube is possible.   PVA-K does not tolerate exposure to water at all, the glued surfaces are stratified already with a slight frost. Due to the savings on plasticizers, this type is cheap, but it is limited to the clerical field of application - gluing sheets of paper and thin cardboard of size up to A4;
• PVA-B or PVA-O is a household glue (wallpaper), an improved modification of clerical. Moisture is well tolerated; the surfaces pasted over with it can be repeatedly thawed and frozen to temperatures of - 35 …C ... - 40 ˚C. It is used for pasting concrete, wood, putty and plastered surfaces with wallpaper sheets with paper “backing”, except for heavy rolls - for such it is better to use liquid nails or special formulations from the manufacturer;
• PVA-MB is a universal adhesive formulation that is compatible with both paper products and fabric, leather, wood, metal and glass. Thick liquid without lumps, frost hardy after application to –20 ˚C;
• PVA-M is an improved all-purpose adhesive (super-PVA). It is frost-resistant up to -40 ˚C, strength and moisture resistance make it possible to glue on PVA-M not only any wallpaper, but also facing tiles and linoleum (except for rooms with constantly high humidity);
• PVA dispersion is a low-water base for any polyvinyl acetate emulsion. It consists of polymeric and colloidal components, from which PVA glue of other varieties is made by adding water. Differs in high-speed gluing, fingers, when tested, stick to each other almost instantly. It is used very widely - as an additive in plaster solutions, in printing, shoe and leather industry, in the production of textiles, etc.

In pure form, any PVA glue should be used at positive air temperatures - as part of the building solutions, dispersion use does not have climatic limits.

How to make PVA glue at home - in chemical industry in miniature

To learn how to make PVA glue at home, you need to purchase a minimum set of glue ingredients. For 1 liter of water solution you will need:

• Wheat flour, white, well sifted - 100 grams;
• Ethyl alcohol, it is possible technical - 20-30 grams;
• Gelatin is fine, it is also called "photographic" - 5-10 grams;
• Glycerin ordinary - 5-10 grams;
• Organic coloring pigment, light colors - as needed.

Preliminary preparation is needed for the preparation of an aqueous solution of gelatin - it is diluted from a ratio of 10 grams of water per 1 gram of dry gelatin and left to “soak” for a day. If the jelly is too thick (the quality of gelatin can be different), it can be diluted with hot water and mix thoroughly. Further chemical manipulations will be carried out the next day.

We will need two enamelled vessels, and one should be constructively combined with the other. The fact is that homemade PVA must be boiled in a water bath. Pour gelatin solution and water into a smaller container, set it in a large container with water and set it on high heat.

It is required to bring the gelatin-water mixture to a boil and only then gradually pour the flour. The process is similar to the preparation of semolina - if you want this dish turned out without lumps, you need to stir constantly. Only now the semolina is boiled quickly, and it will take at least an hour to completely dissolve the flour in water with gelatin (and all the time we have to interfere with our glue brew with a wooden spoon, but what do you want?).

When the necessary consistency of thick cream was achieved, it was time to add alcohol, glycerin and a dye. After adding these components, the home PVA should be held in the water bath for about 30 minutes, without stopping to mix thoroughly. Then it will remain to cool the resulting composition and to verify its adhesive qualities in the repair business. In a properly prepared glue, the shelf life in liquid form is at least 6 months, if you do not forget to seal the neck thoroughly and not expose the container to frost.

The word "paste" came to us from Germany, it means the adhesive composition, made on the basis of flour or starch and water. Despite the wide selection of various adhesives in stores, today paste paste does not lose its popularity. Indeed, it consists of available natural ingredients, so that this mixture does not pose any health hazard. It does not cause allergic reactions and is absolutely harmless even for small children. Knowledge of how to cook a flour paste, will help you in the process of repair, and when doing needlework.

Safe glue for adults and children

Klester has a fairly wide range of applications. Perhaps the most popular of its uses are repair work. With the help of paste, they close up the gaps in the wooden windows, and also ground the walls and glue them over with wallpaper. A product made at home is usually not inferior in quality to industrial mixtures.

Kleister is able to firmly fix even heavy wallpapers on the wall, without leaving stains on them.

This composition is also used in the field of gardening and horticulture. When planting small seeds, paste is applied on strips of paper, then planting material is poured on them, dried, placed on beds and sprinkled with soil.

Klester has a simple and environmentally friendly composition.

Due to the safe natural composition of the paste, it is used in kindergartens for creative activities to perform applications and other work with paper. In general, this adhesive composition is very actively used in various types of needlework: scrapbooking, decoupage, handicrafts made of yarn and textiles. And in the manufacture of artificial flowers with a liquid paste, fabric is impregnated to impart stiffness.

If a child wants to taste the paste or smears his hands in it and then rubs his eyes, it will not harm his health.

Kleister found application in theatrical art. It is used to create objects props in papier-mâché technique, which in performances perform the function of scenery. They are light and strong enough. Librarians restore damaged book covers with the help of paste.

Photo gallery: wallpapering, seed preparation and other applications of flour and water glue

   The composition is suitable for textile crafts    The composition is used for gluing small seeds.    Paper wallpapers stick perfectly on paste    Klester is ideal for crafts using papier-mâché    For making flowers, the fabric is pre-soaked with paste and dried.

How to cook a paste

What can it be cooked from

It is possible to make paste from wheat, rye or corn flour. It is better to choose flour not of the highest, but of the second or third grade, as a last resort, take a product with the marking “general purpose”. This is due to the fact that coarse flour has a high level of viscosity due to the high content of bran particles. As a result, it holds the material more firmly. Also on sale is whole-wheat flour, which even got the name wallpaper, it is an ideal basis for paste. It can be replaced by any other grade, but be prepared for the fact that it will negatively affect the binding properties of the composition.

Photo Gallery: the most suitable flour for cooking glue

   Glue from rye flour glue better, but can leave marks on bright surfaces    Cornmeal produces excellent tenacious paste    When cooking the paste for pasting wallpaper, use wholegrain - wallpaper - flour, not a premium product

Starch, potato and especially corn are also used to make glue as often as flour. Starch paste is absolutely transparent and is used, as a rule, on surfaces where you can not leave even the slightest trace. It is applied under the light wallpaper on the ceiling. However, repair specialists claim that the flour paste is much more tenacious.

It is important to note that wheat flour is used for light surfaces, and rye for dark.Compliance with this rule will help you avoid stains. In addition, the paste from rye flour has the best fixing properties. Therefore, this component is often used for gluing heavy vinyl wallpaper.

What else to add

In addition to the main components, in some cases additional ingredients are added to the glue. This is determined by the scope of the mixture. For example, to create papier-mâché, you can add wood glue (75 ml per 200 g of flour) or gelatin diluted in water according to the package instructions. This technique helps to make the fastening of paper surfaces the most durable.

To increase the fixing qualities of the composition, wood glue or PVA is also added to it. Thus it is necessary to consider the color of the surface on which the mixture is supposed to be used. PVA is used for light materials. And when working with dark surfaces often use wood glue.

When creating textile decorations, a little vanillin and sugar are added to the mix (0.5 teaspoon per 20 g of flour). This paste makes the fabric more elastic and shiny.

If you are preparing a paste for children's creativity, do not add in it PVA, carpenter's glue and copper sulphate.

Photo Gallery: what is added to the paste

   Vanillin for shine and flavor    PVA glue enhances the binding properties of paste    Copper sulfate for disinfection    Food gelatin enhances the adhesive properties of paste    Natural wood glue, or animal glue, is made from animal bones and contains gelatin    Sugar is added to the paste used to glaze the coating.

Proportion of water and flour

In the process of making paste, its consistency should be considered. Light paper wallpaper requires a liquid formulation. If heavy vinyl material is used for finishing, the paste should be made thick. To do this, add more flour to the mixture.

Table: approximate proportions of ingredients for different pastes

To prepare a 10% solution of animal (wood glue) per 1 liter of water, 140 g of dry matter is required. The required amount of glue is poured into the paste that has cooled to 40–50 ° C.

For the preparation of the usual sparse paste requires 100 g of flour and 1 liter of water. If a mixture of very liquid consistency is needed, 50 g are used for the same amount of liquid. For the thickest paste, 400 g of flour per 1 liter of water is taken. Of course, these are approximate, not strict proportions: after all, stickiness and consistency will ultimately depend on what kind of flour you take, and on those additional ingredients that you add. Therefore, in the network you can find many different recipes.

Glue is prepared immediately before use. If you do not use fresh composition for 2-3 hours, it will begin to thicken and lose its adhesive properties. Therefore, do not make "strategic reserves", prepare as much as you need for a one-time use.

Consistency adjustment

Over time, paste paste thickens. Some experts argue that in this case it is possible to dilute the mixture with boiling water to make it more liquid. Start adding 1 tablespoon with constant stirring with a mixer or blender. Perform the procedure until the composition has acquired the thickness you need. However, not everyone considers this procedure of “reviving” fresh paste to be optimal: the adhesive ability of such a compound is likely to be greatly reduced. But if you have just cooked a paste and you see that it is thick, then you can really fix the problem with boiling water.

Do not forget, after dilution with water, bring the mixture to a boil.

If the opposite situation occurred, and your glue turned out to be too liquid, first cool it down to about 40 degrees: it is at this temperature that the adhesive qualities should be evaluated. If you still need to thicken the paste, then you need to add more flour to it. Dilute the missing amount of flour with water to form a liquid dough, pour into the liquid composition, mix thoroughly and then bring to a boil.

Do not try to pour dry flour into ready-made glue, most likely, even with constant stirring you will not avoid the formation of lumps.

Storage

The maximum storage period for the paste is 10 days.   The composition should be covered with a lid or plastic bag and placed in the refrigerator.During storage, the pasteboard is covered with a film, which must be removed before continuing work. The presence of mold indicates the unsuitability of the adhesive.

Store the paste only when absolutely necessary, because its quality during storage is greatly reduced.

Simple step-by-step recipes

For light wallpapers

Kleister, used for light paper wallpaper, is prepared quite simply. To do this you need to prepare:

• 150 grams of rye or 200 grams of wheat flour;
• 1 l of water;
• two containers (small 200 ml and a saucepan).

One tablespoon contains approximately 25 grams of flour.

Instruction:

Important! Do not disturb the order of mixing ingredients.

Video: the easiest way to weld glue

For heavy wallpapers

For vinyl or non-woven wallpaper, you can cook a thick paste according to the previous instructions, taking 400 g of flour per 1 liter of water. However, in some situations, you may need a durable paste of special composition, similar to PVA. It is used not only for gluing heavy vinyl wallpaper, but also as a final primer on walls and even for cladding with small format tiles. It is also cooked on the basis of flour, but using a different technology.

Ingredients:

• 20 ml of ethanol;
• 150 g of flour;
• 4 g of glycerin (sold in a pharmacy);
• 5 g of gelatin, better than photographic (it can be purchased at the store of photo goods);
• 1 liter of distilled water (sold in a pharmacy).

Important! Photographic gelatin can be replaced by ordinary, but it will worsen the adhesive properties and reduce the speed of "setting" of the paste.

Instruction:

1. Pour gelatin 200 ml of water and leave for 24 hours.
2. After this time, pour distilled water (850 ml) into the container and put it in a water bath. Add the soaked gelatin and mix thoroughly.
3. Dilute flour in a small amount of water (150 ml) so that there are no lumps.
4. Add the flour mixture to the water with gelatin.
5. Bring the composition to a boil. Stir it so that the mass acquires a homogeneous structure.
6. Add glycerin and ethyl alcohol. Stir the mass for 10 minutes.
7. Remove the glue from the water bath and cool.

For fabric crafts

Flour flour for textile crafts is made a little differently. To implement this method, you need to prepare:

• 2 tbsp. l flour;
• 2 cups cold water;
• half tsp Sahara;
• a pinch of vanillin.

Cooking method:

1. Pour the flour into a saucepan and pour ½ cup of cold water.
2. Stir the mixture thoroughly.
3. Then in a separate bowl pour 1.5 cups of water, sugar and put on the fire.
4. When the liquid boils, enter the cold flour mixture.
5. Boil stirring over low heat.
6. When the composition thickens, remove it from the fire.
7. Add vanilla, stir well and cool.

Sugar and vanilla pasteur is used as a varnish when working not only with textiles, but also with other materials.

For papier mache

The papier-mâché pasteur, which involves sticking pieces of paper onto a form, is made as follows.

Ingredients:

• 1 cup flour;
• 1/2 teaspoon salt;
• 3 glasses of water.

The process of making paste:

1. Sift the flour and pour 1 cup of cold water.
2. Stir well until the mixture is completely homogeneous.
3. Add 0.5 teaspoon salt and stir again.
4. Boil 2 cups of water in a separate saucepan and pour into the adhesive mixture. Stir once more.
5. Pour the composition into the pan and put on fire.
6. Boil for 10 minutes and then remove from heat.

For different variations of the papier-mâché technique, a paste of different consistency may be needed.

If it is intended to soak the paper in a paste to the state of a plastic mass, then a liquid paste is used: 50–100 g of flour per 1 liter of water.

Video: how to make paste for paper mache

The pasteur is a safe and affordable adhesive that allows you to glue various surfaces. But it should be remembered that its quality decreases with time. In this regard, it is recommended to prepare the amount of glue that is needed for one use. To improve the properties of the composition, the recipe can be supplemented with certain additives, depending on what you are going to use it for.

What to do if the craving for creativity took you by surprise at night, and the glue is inappropriate? It’s dark outside, the shops are closed, and it’s absolutely necessary to continue your favorite activity. Making the glue with your own hands is actually the simplest procedure that does not require special chemical knowledge and specific ingredients. All the ingredients are likely to be in your kitchen. Knowing how to make glue at home with your own hands, you do not need to run to the store for a new tube. Here are some recipes.

Cooking glue at home (three simplest recipe)

Ingredients:

• wheat flour;
• water.

Pour some flour into the bowl and add a little water. Start mixing the flour, adding water (as needed) until a homogeneous mass without lumps. Put the bowl on a small fire and, while constantly stirring the mixture, bring to a boil. Leave to cool naturally at room temperature.

Flour paste is not stored. It deteriorates quickly and is suitable for quick use.

Wheat paper glue

Ingredients:

• white wheat flour - 1.5 cups;
• boiled water - 2 glasses;
• cold water - 1 cup;
• sugar - 0.5 cups;
• alum - 1 tablespoon.

Mix flour and sugar, slowly adding cold water. Beat the mixture until it is free from lumps and a paste is formed. Put it on the fire and boil the pasta until it becomes a little stiff. Remove from heat and add alum. Allow to cool naturally at room temperature.

In a tightly corked plastic container, it is stored somewhat longer than a flour paste. Hardened mixture can be soaked by adding a little boiling water.

Milk soda

Ingredients:

• dry milk - 2 tablespoons;
• hot water - a quarter cup;
• vinegar - 1 tablespoon;
• soda - half a teaspoon.

Mix the powdered milk well with some hot water and add vinegar. Due to the reaction with vinegar in hot water, the milk must be divided into lumps of flakes and liquid whey. Keep stirring until the milk is completely separated.

Separate the resulting "yogurt" from the liquid whey, gently decanting it. This is best done with a paper napkin.

Collect all the "yogurt" in a separate smaller container and beat until smooth. Add a teaspoon of boiling water and a quarter of a teaspoon of soda. Foaming mass can occur (chemical reaction of soda with vinegar). Stir the mixture to a smooth consistency. Add water, if the mixture is too thick, and if the mixture is lumpy, add a little more soda.

Not for long. When the smell of spoiled milk, the mixture must be discarded.

Types of glue

Surely, almost every one of us used, but seldom thought about the ingredients and methods of industrial production. Glue - substance, mainly made of natural or synthetic substances.

Natural adhesives

Produced from plant (resin) or biological sources (bones, skin). Invented in ancient times, when savvy people realized that from the bones, skins, skin and connective tissues of animals, collagen protein with sticky properties can be extracted by special treatment. Today, most adhesives are based on biological substances, and the process of obtaining a cool mass differs little from the prehistoric one. Most often, the adhesive mass is produced by dehydrating the hides. Pre-hides are soaked in water and then treated with lime. Lime is neutralized with a weak acid solution. Next, the skins are kept in water at 70 degrees, in connection with which a substance is released from the tissues, which is scraped off and used for its intended purpose.

Casein, milk, ambulin, derived from serum of cow blood, fish heads, bones, skin, scales, air bubbles of some fish, from which a white, odorless substance, called ichthyocol, is also used as a source of adhesive substance.

Vegetable glue is obtained from starch, which is found in vegetables and cereals, gum, agar and algin from algae, and gum arabic - the milky sap of some trees.

Synthetic adhesives

Cyanocrylate is the main ingredient of synthetic glue, also known as "superglue", discovered by Harry Coover (1942) in the research laboratories of the Kodak company, which develops optically transparent plastic. In 1958, Cyanocrylate was already sold in stores under the brand name "Superglue".

Epoxy two-component adhesives are of industrial importance: epoxy resin and various modifications of additives that improve elasticity and give the product certain physical and mechanical properties.

The most well-known and often used in artistic creative practice adhesives are, of course, polyvinyl acetate (PVA) and carpentry. Slightly less used, so-called, "office" on the basis of liquid glass.