Secrets of growing coffee tree in Russia at home. How to plant a coffee bean

Probably every gardener - both beginner and experienced - would like to have an exotic coffee tree as a houseplant. But the obstacle to this is often the erroneous opinion that the process of growing a tree at home is supposedly extremely difficult, and care for it is incredible. In fact, growing a coffee tree and taking care of it is no more difficult than other, more familiar plants.

If you follow these simple rules of planting, then very soon you will be able to admire the delicate green sprout of the future coffee tree. Let's start with the basics: to grow a coffee tree at home can be done in two unique ways: from a seed and a cutting.

We grow coffee tree from grain

This requires the usual coffee beans, which can be purchased at the store (only, of course, not fried), or grains taken directly from the plant itself (all of a sudden, your relatives or neighbors are happy owners of it). The method of cultivation is almost the same as, for example, pomegranate or lemon - there are only some characteristic features.

Since the shell of the coffee bean is very hard, hard and often prevents seed germination, before planting it is necessary to carry out the so-called scarification. This is the destruction of the shell by chemical means (solution of hydrochloric or sulfuric acid), or mechanically - the grain must be cut or cut.

The next step - the grain should be soaked in a stimulant solution - Epin, Kornevin, Zircon or others will do. Planting a seed must be in a soft, loose earth. A pot with a planted seed must be placed in a sunny place so that it will quickly sprout, the temperature should not be lower than 20 degrees.

We grow a coffee tree from the stalk

If you find where to get a stalk of coffee tree, it is better to use this method of planting. A tree planted in such a way will grow faster, and, consequently, will yield a harvest faster. The second advantage of this method of planting is that the tree will grow in width, not in height, as when planting a seed. Planting a stalk of coffee tree is very simple, there are no differences from other cuttings of plants.

Care of the coffee tree at home

How to properly land, it was described above. And how to properly care for the coffee tree? Many amateur growers, not having enough of their own experience in caring for indoor plants in general, not to mention the coffee tree in particular, draw on information from very dubious sources. The consequences of this are quite disappointing - people spend incredible efforts, money, fussing around him, almost afraid to breathe near the plant - and the sense of this, at best, is zero.

All this is happening because not everyone knows that caring for this seemingly fastidious tree is very, very simple, just follow simple rules.

The very first step towards a luxurious and fruitful coffee tree in your garden is of paramount importance planting, and, in some cases, transplanting plants. The most important thing to remember is that a coffee tree grows exclusively in an acidic environment (i.e., ph must be equal to<7). Так как на практике определить кислотность почвы чрезвычайно сложно даже опытному цветоводу, то при посадке рекомендуется воспользоваться таким soil composition:

Sour peat
   -Humus
   Leafy land
   - Green Earth
   -Sand
   It is necessary to mix these components in a proportion of 2: 1: 1: 1: 1. To maintain the acidity and moisture of the soil, it is recommended to add finely chopped peat moss to the composition.

As for the transplantation of coffee trees - this should be done every year until the tree is three years old, then (later) - once every 2-3 years, while the top layer of soil is recommended to be changed also - once a year.

Do not allow dry air in the room,it is necessary to maintain a sufficiently high humidity. This can be achieved by constant spraying of the plant, but remember - this one action is not always enough. Use this advice: in a sufficiently deep pan pour pebbles, fill it with water, and plant a pot with a plant on it.

Lighting It is also important, although far from paramount. The coffee tree is recommended to be placed on the windows facing south, southwest, southeast. By placing the southern guest on the north window, contrary to popular belief, you will not ruin him, but growth and further development may slow down.

But keep in mind that an excessive excess of sun can also be harmful, especially for young plants up to two years old. After ripening full-fledged inflorescences, the plant is desirable to shade. This is exactly what coffee does in the homeland of the southern countries: other trees are planted around the trees so that they give the plant a saving shadow.

Temperature the room should be normal, room. But do not forget that below +12 it should not fall.

Top dressing and watering. There is nothing special about watering - as for all plants, in summer it should be more abundant and more often than in winter. Of course, when determining the amount of watering, proceed from room temperature, and avoid excessive dryness or humidity. A beneficial effect on the coffee tree is watered with soft rain or melt water. It is better to use mineral liquid fertilizers as top dressing, it is recommended to apply them every two weeks from May to September, i.e. in the period of the most active growth.

Bushes grow quite quickly and after two or three years they turn into beautiful trees that will bear fruit. Coffee berries delight for several months. At first they were green and then turned red. About 6-8 months matured, and from the first harvest about five grains were harvested. In fact, it is absolutely realistic to gather up to one kilogram of coffee under room conditions, but only from already grown trees from six years old.

The coffee tree will be a universal decoration of any room and will look great and delight the eyes and in the children's institution, and in his own apartment, and at work in the office. If you follow these rules listed above, you will soon be able to pleasantly surprise guests with a cup of aromatic coffee that has matured on your own coffee plantation, located right in your home.
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The coffee tree is considered to be Ethiopia’s birthplace, and later coffee traveled around the countries and went to Europe, where it was successfully cultivated while caring at home.

The coffee family has about 40 species. The most significant are Liberian, Congolese, Arabian and tall. These are members of the marenov family.

General information

The foliage of the coffee tree is not small, fleshy and has a greenish tint. Flowering begins, and the plant throws out an inflorescence resembling an umbrella and consists of about 76 flowers.

The shade of the flowers is white on small roots and they appear on young annual stems. The fruit of the plant consists of two seeds, a rounded shape, having at first a yellow shade that turns into green. And the ripe fruits of the coffee tree are red. When the fruit ripens, it is covered with a crust on the outside, and inside it is filled with sweetish and slightly sour pulp and a pair of seeds about 13 mm in length.

Grown coffee tree at home has useful properties. It is able to purify the air of harmful substances, increase and improve the energy abilities of a person, reduces and relieves stress and brings the nervous system in order.

Types of coffee trees

Arabian type of coffee , popular in growing at home, is a compact tree. The leaves are shaped like an elongated ellipse with a dark olive shade, glossy on the outside surface and pale on the inside. The inflorescences are small, about 2 centimeters in diameter, collected in a bunch. The size of the inflorescences depends on the growing conditions.

Flowers after disclosure are in a fresh state only for a few hours. But the buds unfold gradually, not at once. After the inflorescences ottsvetut, the fruit ripens in the form of berries, in the ripe form has a burgundy shade. Maturation occurs approximately 8 months after pollination. Fruits in a pair resemble round beans. In height, this species reaches up to 5 meters.

It is a neat plant, reaching a height of about 85 cm. Abundant flowering and subsequently fruits well at home. The necessary design of the tree, you can attach with trimming and pinching the tops of the plant.

Also grown indoors. Its ripe fruits have a scarlet or sunny slightly orange tint. The length of its leaves reaches up to 40 cm, and the height is adjusted and the required shape is formed by trimming the crown plant. The inflorescence has a light shade and large fruits - berries.

Care of the coffee tree at home

The plant does not tolerate drafts and temperature extremes. By following the right care, you will enjoy fresh home-made coffee all year round.

Lighting coffee tree prefers a plentiful scattered. The best location will be the southern part of the room. Constant airing during the winter period and preferable cultivation on loggias or a terrace in a warm season are necessary. During the heating season, the plant must be located away from the battery to avoid drying of the tips of the leaves. With a lack of lighting, it is necessary to use an artificial-type lamp.

The air temperature for the plant in the summer should not exceed 25 degrees, and in winter should not fall below 15 degrees. If you do not comply with the temperature conditions of the content, the plant can lose foliage and throw buds.

Spraying the plant prefers regular, and in summer it is necessary for the plant to arrange a warm shower, it is good for growth and active flowering. Humidity in the room should be increased.

Watering in the summer is regular, giving only one centimeter to dry out from the soil layer, and winter time should be reduced by one a week. Water for irrigation must be soft and settled, without the content of lime scale, otherwise the plant may begin to hurt.

Coffee tree fertilizer

During the period of active development and flowering plants need to be fed once every 14 days. Feed for this is necessary with the content of potassium and nitrogen. Or a special fertilizer for azaleas.

In the cold season, the plant feeding should be removed completely.

Coffee tree transplant at home

Young individuals need a transplant constantly, that is, every year, plants up to three years are considered as such. Older plants must be transplanted once every two to three years. Capacity for plants required high.

After transplanting the plant, it should be placed in a slightly shaded place and allow time for adaptation, not forgetting to spray regularly. At the bottom of the tank during transplanting it is necessary to lay a good drainage.

Soil for coffee tree

The soil for the plant requires loose peat with acid reaction, coarse sand and humus and with the addition of crushed charcoal, all in equal proportions.

Trimming the coffee tree at home

Pruning plants produce as needed, remove dried leaves and stems, as well as form, the desired crown, cutting overgrown branches, giving them the desired length.

Coffee tree breeding

Coffee tree how to grow at home, many are asking this question. This can be done with the help of seeds and cuttings.

The tree of coffee beans really grow their own hands. Instead of soil for sowing take coarse sand or perlite.

Seed Coffee Tree

Before sowing, grains should be peeled and soaked in a light solution of potassium permanganate. After that we sow a couple of centimeters deep into the ground. Periodically sprinkling.

After one month, the first seedlings appear. When the first pair of leaves begins to appear, the plants are planted in separate containers.

Coffee Tree Cutting

For this procedure, shoots are cut off about 8 cm long with a pair of buds and planted in loose soil consisting of leaf, sod land and sand in the same proportion. After that, we plant cuttings there and adhere to the optimum temperature for rooting within 27 degrees.

Capacity with cuttings must be covered with a transparent film. Periodically memorable, open and spray. After rooting it is necessary to plant in permanent containers.

Why leaves fall at the coffee tree and brown spots appear - This indicates a lack of soil moisture.
Necrosis of coffee tree leaves - arises as a result of a lack of phosphorus and potassium, a lack of light or dry air in the room. Also, the reason may be a sharp temperature drop in the room. With insufficient fertilizer phosphorus plant slows down in development and leads to yellowing and falling off of the leaves.

Julia Verne 31 777 10

The love of exotic and tropical countries has long attracted the attention of amateur flower growers to plants that seem to be atypical for our climate. However, many of them were suitable for growing at home. And they feel at the same time no worse than on the slope of a mountain range in conditions of high annual temperature and stable humidity.

One of these exotic guests was coffee. Home-made coffee tree proved to be from the best side - not capricious and unpretentious, responsive to basic care and conditions of detention.

Homemade coffee tree looks very beautiful

Some happy owners of adult plants that have grown before their eyes, say that green coffee beans fell into the ground almost by accident. And after a while, when the fact was safely forgotten, they sprouted and began to grow together. So much so that there was no desire to get rid of the robust sprouts. The brilliant dark leaves, their beautiful shape, the simplicity of the formation of the bush, quickly made coffee a favorite plant in the house.

So, we arm ourselves with facts and remember how to grow coffee at home and even get a harvest from it.

The bush form of coffee, which can be grown and maintained in a normal state for many years, has the appearance of a compact, strongly leafy plant. It is a large amount of greenery, as well as the scent of flowering buds - the main advantage of the tree. For growing home suitable variety of stunted arabica. Robusta simply does not fit in your apartment, and cross-pollination is required for its fruiting.

The bush, rapidly growing in length and width, is quite suitable for artificial formation. You can give it the shape of a real tree with a woody trunk and a compact rounded crown.

Bearing in mind what kind of rampage of plants can be found on a small area of any tropical region, it is possible to count on good compatibility of the coffee tree, in terms of neighborhood, with ordinary indoor flowers. You only need to take care of good lighting. Coffee is photophilous, but does not tolerate the direct rays of the sun. And do not really approve of frequent changes. The side on which the windows of the room with the coffee tree go must necessarily have a southern orientation. But a light shading, nevertheless, is necessary. If you plan to move the pot from corner to corner or often take out the plant to “breathe” onto the balcony on a fine summer day, this may have a favorable effect on the crown. It will be smooth, thick. But in this case, you do not expect flowers that produce an incredibly delicate aroma and, especially, valuable beans for the “production” of exclusive homemade coffee. That is a better place to pick a permanent.

Caring for a homemade coffee tree is easy

Conditions for normal growing season

How to grow a coffee tree, given that its hot countries are home? Yes, you just need to provide him with a stable "living conditions". Under natural conditions, the plant lives at fairly moderate average annual temperatures. It is required to create similar opportunities for him in the apartment. In the summer, the temperature should not rise above 25 °, and in winter it should fall below 15-16 (this is pretty cool for a person).

Watering is regularly, but without excess, just do not let the earth dry out, all the time to keep a little moisturized. In the summer, it’s 2-3 times a day when it’s watered; in winter, one is enough. Water is better to take soft, temperatures above room temperature. The coffee tree is very responsive to care. If in the warm season and the heating season occasionally arrange a warm shower for him, making a break for the flowering period, the plant will respond with lush greenery and rapid growth.

The soil should be light, loose, with sand in the composition. By reaction - slightly acid. Coffee does not tolerate lime. To maintain the acidic composition of the soil, you can throw several crystals of citric acid into the water once a month or use special stimulants.

Top dressing

For normal growth, flowering and fruiting, you should regularly feed the plant with organic and mineral fertilizers. Especially it concerns the period of active growth in spring and summer. It is possible to alternate types of fertilizers, in spring increasing the nitrogen dose, during flowering, giving a complete mineral complex, phosphorus - for the formation of fruits. Relative rest time is winter. To maintain can be given potassium.

The homemade coffee tree is blooming with very delicate white inflorescences consisting of many flowers with pointed petals. The fragrance stands on the whole apartment. In the absence of natural pollination assistants, bees, this can be done manually, easily shaking flowering twigs or walking along the inflorescences with a soft brush.

Coffee flowers are very beautiful and fragrant.

Transfer

The first couple of years, coffee can be transplanted annually. This should be done in early spring, before the start of the active growing season. Then the plant needs a transplant less often - once every two years. Given that the tree has a well-developed root system, care should be taken of a sufficient depth of the planting pot (pot), and the diameter should be increased by 2-4 cm each time.

Naturally, each transfer will be accompanied by a change of soil. It is better to choose ready, suitable for growing tropical plants. The soil must be weakly acidic, rich in phosphorus, organic matter. Drainage is good at the bottom.

You can make the ground yourself. Normal garden soil should be mixed with peat, humus and river sand in equal proportions. For balance it is good to add a handful of wood ash.

The plant forms a crown on its own and it is better not to interfere in this process without special need. An exception is the excessive stretching of the tree in height, when it no longer fits in the proposed space. In this case, you will have to adjust the form.

Breeding

The plant can be propagated by cuttings. But it is much easier and safer to grow it from seed. However, one should not think that green beans purchased in the supermarket, intended for self-roasting, will sprout. They have been specially processed and are not suitable for landing. Fully ripened seeds, planted soon after ripening, are guaranteed to germinate.

Interesting to know!
Caring for a tree grown from seeds is simple. However, the plant does not inherit maternal varietal characteristics. That is, it will be Arabica, but the properties may change, the taste of future fruits will differ from the original ones.

Coffee tree does not grow in one place for decades. It is on the 8-10 year can begin to lose decoration. Only young plants can boast with beautiful foliage and rich crown. For rejuvenation sometimes use the method of partial cutting of the trunk. New shoots quickly form a new crown. Or use the method of propagation by cuttings.

On the branches in the axils of the leaves coffee berries are formed

Growing from cuttings

The cuttings are selected from healthy branches of the middle part of the crown of an adult tree. Branch must be from last year's growth. This will ensure the rapid formation of buds and will be the key to the rapid onset of flowering. Stalk length of 10-15 cm is placed in a growth stimulator for better root formation and rooting. Withstand the day. Planted vertically, not deeply buried. Be sure to cover with a transparent cap or lid, with perforations for air exchange. Protect from the sun and periodically spray. Maintain temperature around 25 °. Cutting is carried out only in spring.

The stalk is sleeping for more than a month. In the greenhouse must always be maintained the same temperature and humidity. In about forty days, the apical bud will be awakened. In pots of small diameter the stalk can be planted after the appearance of a pair of leaves. The plant is immediately put on the main place, bright, but protected from the direct sun. Do not forget about the drainage and frequency of spraying. It is possible that soon the first fragrant buds will appear on the young plant.

This method has its advantages:

Under all conditions 100% rooting is achieved;
All characteristics of the mother plant are preserved;
Flowering may occur in the first year;
Fruiting begins 2-3 years earlier than in plants grown from seed;
The fruits are larger and larger.

Growing from seed

In nature, the mature coffee fruits of wild-growing trees fall to the ground and immediately fall into a favorable environment for germination. But they do not tolerate storage, germination suffers from it.

Therefore, homemade coffee tree can only be grown from fresh seeds by the following method:

Seeds are cleaned of pulp and rinsed in a solution of potassium permanganate.
Land for planting grains should be prepared ahead of time, in about two weeks. The substrate must be mixed and left to "reach." The mixture includes well steamed turfy ground with sand and peat. You can add ash.
Seeds are placed on the ground with the flat side down, slightly pressed and buried 1 cm. Everything should be well spilled and covered with a transparent lid (glass, film).
The container with the seeds sown is placed in a bright place, sheltered from the direct sun, maintain a constant moisture of the substrate and the surrounding temperature of about 25 °. Daily airing.
Subject to the conditions, the seeds will hatch in a month.
The appearance of the first pair of leaflets can be a signal for the first transplant. Pots choose small, but deep, with a diameter of not more than 7 cm. It is necessary to carefully cover seedlings from the sun.
At the beginning of lignification of the trunk it may seem that it dries and cracks. In fact, the process is normal. Brown color may appear, spotting of the trunk, but soon it acquires its usual appearance.
The next transplant to produce in a month, slightly increasing capacity.

First, a tree grown from seed grows with a single trunk. And later begin to grow skeletal branches. In the formation of the crown plant does not need. Flowering begins at 2 years of growth. Fruiting - by 4.

It looks like a grain of coffee, from which you can grow a tree at home

Diseases

For a plant, it is not so much dangerous to overmoisten the soil as excessive dryness of the air. Diseases of coffee tree are reduced to the defeat of a spider mite. In the cold season it can become infected with a shield. For prevention, it is necessary to eliminate drafts and maintain a constant humidity of the air (warm, moist showers, spraying). There may also be infection of coffee rust, bean drillers, black fungus.

Important!
In case of any disease, damaged leaves are removed, treatment is carried out with appropriate preparations.

It should also be remembered that coffee is a tropical plant, not adapted for life in a temperate and cold climate. Therefore, a room temperature below 15 ° C can be detrimental to wood. A thin black edging appears on the foliage. Then the leaves completely darken, and the tree quickly dies.

Like any exotic plant, coffee tree needs close care and attention. But the efforts of plant growers do not remain without reward. The aroma of spring flowering coffee buds does not know the competition. And the fruits that appear with good care already in the fourth year will be a real gift.

And caring for him is complicated. In fact, the process of growing exotics in pots is no more difficult than growing others.

Where to place?

Lighting

There is no particular light addiction in the coffee tree. The main thing is that the illumination is good. If the tree is installed on the north window, then its growth will be slow, flowering will come much later, and the fruiting will be prolonged.

In your favorite coffee lighting of the southern direction there are also pitfalls. The leaves of young coffee are easily prone to sunburn, so in the summer you need a little pritenyat.

For easy shading of coffee, a newspaper sheet is attached to the window glass with the help of scotch tape. The sun's rays falling on the seedling become scattered and do not burn the leaves.

An adult plant without good sunlight does not form a full-fledged ovary. As soon as the flower brush forms the embryos of the fruit, it is advisable to tree the tree. When planting coffee plantations in Brazil, the saplings of coffee trees sit in the environment of other trees (future sources of shade).

Coffee loves breathable, loose. When watering such a soil, the water moistens the roots of the tree, but does not stagnate, and excess moisture flows through into the pan.

There are two types of substrates used:

the first is that one part of the leaf turf is mixed with two parts of coarse sand and two parts of rubbed sand;
the second - leaf, chernozem, humus, sand in equal parts are mixed. Two parts of sour peat are added to them.

Whichever option you choose, add as much as possible to it. Moss will keep moisture in and provide it and.
Be sure to arrange at the bottom of the pot good drainage - stagnant water leads to the death of the root system.

Planting a plant

At home, the coffee tree is planted in a deep pot, as it has taproot, extending deep down. Before you plant a seed of coffee, you need it.

The coffee bean needs to be deeply scratched with a knife or lightly squeezed with pliers for cracking the hard outer shell, and then it will quickly germinate. The coffee tree can be grown from seeds or from green cuttings.

Did you know?Scarification is a mechanical violation of the seed coat. Without scarification, the hard grain (coffee, seed, etc.) will lie in the soil until its outer hard shell decays over time.

Seed propagation

You can grow a coffee tree from purchased green coffee (not fried) grain. Before soaking the coffee seed for germination, its shell is destroyed (deeply scratched).

the scarified coffee seed can be soaked overnight before planting at (, "Emistim",);
a deep pot is prepared for planting with loose, slightly damp soil mixture and drainage at the bottom;
the grains are planted in the ground at a depth of 3-4 cm (the distance between the planted grains is 3-5 cm);
the soil with the planted coffee seeds is watered and covered with glass or a plastic bag;
put the pot in a warm room: the higher the temperature, the faster the shoots will be;
twice a week the glass or film is removed from the pot, the condensate is shaken off and the crops are aired.

Coffee seeds almost lose their germination in a year, their growth energy is defined as 3% out of 100. Therefore, if you got green dry coffee beans, then when soaking in stimulants and prolonged wet germination, 2-3 grains of a hundred can turn.

There are much more chances to grow a coffee seed from a neighboring window tree. This grain will be fresh, in a claret shell. The seed is visually divided into two, and a separate coffee sapling will sprout from each half of the grain.

It is much easier to propagate the coffee plant green. Soil mixture for planting cuttings need loose, with access of moisture and oxygen. To this end, perlite and sour bog peat powder are mixed in equal parts.

The soil in the pot is moistened with a light solution of manganese - this contributes to the disinfection of the soil.

From the adult coffee tree in the middle part of the crown is selected a branch for cutting. A sprig should have four leaflets. It is better to take the stalk from the branch last year's growth. These branches usually have buds of buds, which means that the future tree will begin branching and flowering earlier.
Rooting cuttings are cut from the mother tree with a sharp knife or blade. The cut is carried out in three centimeters below the leaves. On freshly cut cuttings, longitudinal scratches on the skin are made with a needle under the last two leaves (for better formation of future roots).

solution and water (1 spoon per 1 glass of water);
solution (1.5 l. of water is taken 1-4 tablets of the drug).

In any of these root-forming solutions, the cuttings are soaked only with the lower (scratched) part. To do this, they put in a glass with liquid vertically.

Prepared cuttings sit in the soil to the leaves. The cutting depth is 2-3 cm. The pot with the planted cuttings is covered with a perforated plastic bag: airing and spraying the seedlings with water will occur through these holes. Rooting cuttings shade from the sun.

For successful rooting the most suitable temperature is + 25 ° С. The hotter and higher the humidity, the faster the rooting occurs. The thirty-degree heat is the maximum allowable temperature for rooting cuttings.
A sure sign that the cuttings have begun is the growth of the upper buds. When a new pair of leaves grows on the handle, the plant can be transplanted into a separate container.

Eavesdropping has several advantages over seed propagation:

a young tree will have all the characteristics of the parent plant;
coffee stalk will bloom in the first year of planting;
you can grow the first coffee fruit for the year.

Care features

Not too demanding to care, coffee tree does not tolerate changing places and even just turning the pot! Turning the pot at 20-40 °, you can provoke a leaf fall.

Turning the pot will suspend the flowering of the tree and the fruit that has already started to fall. It is easy for a flower grower to remember this feature of a coffee tree and not to change its location.

The coffee tree will decorate with fleshy, dark green foliage and luxurious crown any house or presence. With a little patience and attention, and in a few years you will be able to drink coffee from a home plantation that you have in the living room.

Watering

You can feed the coffee diluted (0.5 liter cans of liquid fermented bird droppings per 10 liters of water). Feed the plant under the root, on wet soil.

The plant perfectly assimilates a liquid solution of bone meal (200 g per 10 kg of soil). This dressing completely compensates for the deficiency of phosphorus. From spring until the onset of cold weather, coffee is weekly fed with complex fertilizers for or.
They contain all the necessary elements of a coffee tree. In winter, the tree can not feed, there comes a period of rest.

Crown formation

In the first year, the plant rises by a seedling up by 20-25 cm. During the growing season, the seedling wakes up the axillary buds, from which the lateral branches are subsequently formed. On the side branches also buds wake up, and from them grow branches of the third order.

The coffee tree begins to actively grow the crown in the second year of the growing season - it does not require adjustment and pruning. The branches of the coffee tree grow perpendicular to the trunk, and the crown cap is wide and lush.

An adult plant can be formed by pruning and pinching. This is usually done in the following cases:

when the main skeletal branches are strongly divorced to the sides and do not fit into the indoor space reserved for plant life;
when excessive crown thickening reduces plant lighting;
when you need to cut the green cuttings for planting new plants.

Transfer

The first three years of life, the coffee tree is transplanted once a year, in the spring. The first seedling pot is taken with a diameter of 12 cm. Each next transplant requires a container that is 5 cm larger in diameter.

After three years of age, the transplanting plant is needed every three years, but the top layer of soil in the pot (3-5 cm) necessarily changes every year. If a tree is left not transplanted, it will never throw away the color.

Although, subject to the annual transplant, coffee grown from a seed will bloom for the first time in the fourth year of the growing season.

Diseases and possible difficulties in growing

In the process of growth, the coffee tree may be exposed to the onset of harmful insects (,), diseases may appear (black fungus, etc.).

Home care for the affected plant is simple: you can cope with any misfortune by wiping the leaves on both sides with a sponge moistened with a solution of laundry soap.

Coffee leaves can lose pigmentation, fade, turn white when planted in non-acidic soil. Coffee is sick if the temperature in the room where the plant stands, falls below 10 ° C. If the air in the room is too dry, the tree reacts by twisting the foliage.

When to wait for the harvest?

Admiring a beautiful plant, the gardener is anxiously waiting for the first harvest. But the coffee grown from the seed will please the grower with the first fruit brush no earlier than the fourth year of life.
The situation with the plant obtained from the rooted coffee stalk is a little better. Such a tree can grow its fruit in the first year of the growing season.

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Although today there are many interesting ornamental plants, many growers do not refuse the opportunity to have such an unusual representative of the flora world as a coffee tree in their home. However, not everyone decides to implement this idea, since they mistakenly believe that they will not be able to grow and care for this plant. In fact, everything is different, because with the appropriate approach, you can successfully grow a coffee tree at home.

Africa is the birthplace of coffee tree, and during the existence of coffee could spread throughout the planet. Today it is not grown only in those regions in which the climate is too harsh. If you provide him with the right care, it will take a couple of years, and you will be able to taste the aromatic drink made from grains that have been grown with your own hands.

Seed Features

If you have finally decided for yourself that you want to try a drink derived from home-grown coffee tree, by all means, then be prepared for the fact that will have to work hard. But first of all you should be patient, because a lot of time will pass before the fruits appear. In addition, you should create suitable temperature conditions for the coffee tree so that it can grow and develop well.

When the grains of this plant are in the ground, the pot must be moved to a lighted place, where the temperature should be maintained at a level not lower than 20 degrees. By creating such conditions, you will accelerate the germination of seeds.

Being engaged in the cultivation of coffee, keep in mind that any outside intervention brings only one harm. Therefore, you should minimize the number of pieces. It is better to completely abandon this operation, except in cases where the plant has exceeded your expectations regarding the size. It should be borne in mind that the coffee tree blooms is not at all like the plants that are usual for an ordinary grower. The uniqueness of the coffee tree is that for the formation of berries flowers do not require pollination.

Before you sow a ripe berry, you need to prepare it by removing the pulp and rinsing it with water. Next, you need a weak solution of potassium permanganate, in which it is placed for half an hour. After that, you must immediately sow the grain in the ground.

Soil features

Even experienced growers can not always answer the question, what should be the care of a coffee tree. Here it is necessary to take into account many factors, among which special attention has the quality of the soil. It is best to use a mixture that includes many different elements that will enhance its natural acidity.

Depending on the phase of the plant’s life cycle use a different composition of soil mixtures:

Planting a coffee tree in a vegetative way involves preparation of cut stalks. To do this, it is kept for 1-2 hours in a special solution. You can start landing only after you prepare all the necessary components. Then they go directly to transplanting the plant into the ground, into which it needs to be deepened no deeper than 3 cm. At the moment when the plant has formed the first leaves, a new transplant can be carried out, at which all the same actions as in case of sprouts grown directly from the seed.

Arabica coffee: home care

When preparing for planting a house arabica coffee plant, you need to remember that it will feel most comfortable if it is provided enough light. In the conditions of hot tropics coffee is grown necessarily with shading. A slightly different approach should be when growing coffee at home: it needs to create maximum illumination, otherwise its deficiency will slow down the growth of the plant, and in some cases there may be a delay in fruiting.

In winter, it is recommended to keep the flower on the warmest south side. Although here it should be remembered that the temperature should not fall below 15 degrees. Especially you need to be careful on cold and cloudy days when you need to use next to the plant. fluorescent lamps. With its help, you can fully meet the needs of the flower of coffee in the light and heat.

The capriciousness of the flower is manifested in the fact that the optimal mode of illumination for it should remain constant for a long time. If you try to turn the tree, it will help you to get only beautiful leaves. In this case, you are likely to be left without a long-awaited harvest. It is recommended to protect the coffee tree from direct sunlight, it is not advisable to keep it on the north side, where it will receive the minimum amount of light.

In the warm season, when the sun is especially hot, you will have to regularly water the coffee using separated room temperature water. In order to maintain optimum humidity, it is necessary to take care of the leaves, in relation to which it is desirable to spray.

If you are going to move the pot to another place, you first need to prepare for the operation.

Within a few weeks, the plant should grow wrapped in gauze. So you will provide him with ambient lighting. Because of this, it is better able to get used to the new lighting. In the process of developing the coffee tree will have to carry out transplants, which is a fairly simple event and does not require special skills. The main thing is to strictly follow the recommendations for the care of the plant.

Watering

Watering is very important for the coffee tree..

special attention should be paid to the quality of water: there should be no lime impurities in its composition, which can cause serious damage to the root system;
it is also necessary to monitor the level of acidity of the soil. In order to maintain it, it is useful to add a few drops of vinegar or citric acid crystals to the separated water that is used for irrigation. Although coffee responds positively to moisture, however, the level of air humidity should not be overstated;
feeding is also effective, which is recommended to be carried out at least once every 1.5 months. Mineral liquid fertilizers, which stimulate the formation of new shoots, are best suited for this, and with this, the plant will receive all the nutrients that are important for normal development.

Nutrition

For the normal development of coffee not enough to feed in the spring. Especially you need to be attentive to the plant at the stage of formation of flowers, because in this phase of coffee needs more nitrogen and phosphorus. It is possible to provide them with a plant using ordinary horn shavings or bone meal.

Keep in mind that an ordinary person who does not have special devices is not able to find out what level of acidity the soil used to grow coffee has. Therefore, in order to avoid difficulties in the care of coffee, it is recommended to seek help from a specialist in a flower shop so that he can suggest the most suitable top dressing. If you are limited in financial opportunities, you can use the available fertilizer option. It may be common moss that can be found in the forest.

Timely application of suitable fertilizers will allow you to stimulate the growth of coffee, and this is very important for you, because you expect an increase in bushiness from the coffee tree. To do this, you will have to regularly pinch the side shoots. At the first signs of a certain part of the plant drying, it is necessary to remove them at the base of the stem of the covering leaf.

Difficulties you may face

Proper coffee care involves controlling the level of soil acidity. Otherwise, the plant will react to this by losing its usual dark green leaf color, a glossy shade, as a result of which they will discolor. Gradually, you can observe how the leaves begin to turn yellow, and after a while the plant can dry out completely if it does not provide the necessary amount of fresh air. It does not benefit coffee and high humidity indoors, because it provokes leaf rot, often causing serious illness, which will subsequently require a lot of time for coffee to recover.

Before growing coffee at home, it’s helpful to discuss important issues with a specialist who can talk about ways to protect against the most common diseases and pests:

spider mite;
scythes;
mealybug;

Owning this information, you can easily create the most optimal growing conditions, and this will increase your chances of getting fragrant fruits in a couple of years.

Conclusion

Having received some experience in the cultivation of simple ornamental plants, some of the gardeners must have a desire to grow houses and coffee. To abandon this idea is not worth it, because it is quite feasible. Although this the process takes a lot of timehowever, with the proper care of the tree after a couple of years, you can get fragrant fruits of coffee grown by yourself. Therefore, if you are not afraid of difficulties and are ready to deal with diseases, then after receiving theoretical training on the basics of growing coffee tree in room conditions, you can get down to business.