Autonomous power supply is a hot topic for Russia. In the majority of small settlements, the existing networks have reached a high degree of deterioration and cannot provide electricity to all consumers. There are more disappointing data - 60% of the country’s territory cannot be connected to the network in principle. The very first lack of energy felt by the owners of private houses and villas. But they are not the only ones who need it. Meteorological stations, farms, cellular base stations, research stations, etc. are facing this problem.

Previously, autonomous power supply to the house was provided by gasoline generators. But this solution is not optimal, since the generators require constant refueling, they need to carry out regular maintenance, and their resource is not as long as we would like. Another significant drawback is the poor quality of the output current.

Inverters as a source of autonomous power supply for a private house

Significantly improve the performance of the system is able to connect to the generator of power inverters with chargers and capacious batteries that work as a source of autonomous power supply of a private house at a high level.

In this case, the generator does not function all day, but only the time that is needed to recharge the batteries. The rest of the clock all the country house systems are powered by battery power, which is converted by the inverter into alternating current with a pure sine.

As soon as the batteries are discharged, the inverter reconnects to the generator, providing the alternating current to the load and at the same time replenishing the battery charge. Autonomous power supply, organized according to this principle, ensures reliable operation of the equipment, since switching between the power supply of the load from the batteries and the generator occurs automatically.

The inverter regulates the operation of all devices, the control of which is possible in the presence of special branded system controllers. You can program the system by writing several scenarios for the scenario:

• the generator turns on when the voltage level or the charge level of the batteries drops;
• generator connection can also be associated with an increase in load;
• autonomous power supply from the generator can be programmed for certain hours (for example, to allow it to work during the daytime and to prohibit it at night).

The use of inverters and batteries allows you to extend the life of the generator and reduce the cost of maintaining the object, significantly reducing the cost of fuel purchase and maintenance. In this case, maintenance of components of the inverter system is not required.

Operation of inverters with alternative backup power sources

Modern power inverters with batteries allow for the autonomous operation of all household appliances through the use of alternative sources of power supply. In this case, besides the generator, solar panels and a wind generator are included in the hybrid system. Also, the backup power supply system can operate only with renewable energy sources.

The energy of the sun or wind batteries can accumulate with the help of special charge controllers in those moments when it is available. With a sufficient level of battery charge, the inverters convert the direct current of the batteries into an alternating one with a pure sine wave, which is used to maintain the efficiency of household appliances and appliances.

Another option for the use of inverters - building uninterruptible power systems in situations where there is a network connection, but is not stable. In this situation, an autonomous power source based on inverters with batteries and solar panels is used not only when the voltage in the fixed network disappears, but also for the priority use of solar energy in order to save network electricity.

Victron inverters of the Phoenix Inverter series with a capacity from 1.2 kVA to 5 kVA are well suited for use with alternative energy sources: solar panels and wind turbines.

Victron inverter series Phoenix is ​​a professional technical device for converting direct current into alternating current. Designed using hybrid RF technology, it is designed to meet the highest requirements. Its function is to provide power to any autonomous power supply system with the need to obtain high quality output current with a stable voltage in the form of a pure sinusoid. In everyday life, voltage with a pure sine requires such instruments as a gas boiler, a refrigerator, a microwave, a TV, a washing machine, and so on.

Fully autonomous power supply of a private house with various household appliances requires both high voltage quality and the ability of the inverter to cope with the starting currents of difficult loads (refrigerator compressor, pump electric motor, etc.). The SinusMax Phoenix Inverter function can satisfy this need. It provides double short-term overload capacity of the system. Simpler and earlier voltage conversion technology is beyond its power.

Inverter power consumption:

• at idle: from 8 to 25 W, depending on the model;
• in the load search mode: from 2 to 6 W, this mode is accompanied by the regular switching on of the system every two seconds for a short period of time.
• with continuous operation in power saving mode (AES): from 5 to 20 watts.

Autonomous power supply systems allow for their own control and monitoring by connecting the inverter to a computer. Victron Energy has developed VEConfigure software for its inverters. Connection is made via the MK2-USB interface.

The inverters Phoenix Inverter and Phoenix Inverter Compact can operate both in parallel configurations (up to 6 inverters per phase) and in 3 phase. Optimal in the "price / quality" ratio, they are suitable not only for the home, but also for the autonomous power supply of transport and mobile complexes.

Autonomous power supply system of a private house

The autonomous power supply system at home can include not only an inverter and alternative energy sources, but also a generator. The inverter system will turn on the generator in case of need to recharge the batteries. To start the generator, you can use either the built-in relay of the inverter or the relay of the battery monitor BMV-700. Upon reaching the required level of charge, the generator turns off. Then the batteries again begin to provide power to the loads. Such a scheme will allow you to fully provide electricity to a remote house, even in the temporary absence of the sun or wind.

Batteries for autonomous power supply

The company "Vega" offers lead-acid batteries for self-contained power supply of well-recommended brands:

These batteries are made by GEL technology, are resistant to deep discharges, do not require maintenance and topping up of water, have more cycles than AGM-batteries.

With a properly selected system and ensuring a discharge of not more than 50%, the battery life can reach about 1000 cycles. By installing such a system at home or at a controlled facility, you will be convinced of its impeccable long-term service.

• Variants of basic inverter backup power systems PracticVolt based on Victron Energy inverters

Price: 41 236 rub.

Recommended for uninterrupted power supply of a gas boiler and circulation pumps of a country house, cottage or other objects with a load power up to 800 VA. The PracticVolt system includes a Victron inverter and maintenance-free high-capacity batteries.

Price: from 110 335 rub.

Recommended for uninterrupted power supply of a gas boiler, circulation pumps and household appliances of a country house, cottage or other objects with a load power up to 1600 VA. The PracticVolt system includes a Victron inverter and maintenance-free high-capacity batteries.

Price: from 174 827 rub.

Recommended for uninterrupted power supply of electrical appliances and household appliances of a country house, cottage or other objects with a load capacity of up to 5000 VA. The PracticVolt system includes a Victron inverter and maintenance-free high-capacity batteries.

Brand:	Victron

Price: from 449 886 rubles.

  In this article I want to talk in general terms about what are the systems of stand-alone or backup electrical support, which is all about worth it. Also I will describe several options for the layout and calculation of the system for different requests and conditions. In general, assembling your own power station with your own hands is quite difficult and, as a rule, taking into account mistakes and shortcomings, as a result, a self-made power station costs more, and I advise those who do not understand this at all to contact the companies involved in all of this.

If you are confident in your knowledge and strength, and you have a lot of free time, then why not. The most frequent case when you need your electricity on an ongoing basis is the country houses and summer cottages, where there are no electricity networks, or their quality is disgusting. There may also be other problems, for example, the high price for connecting to power grids, or bureaucratic barriers.

Autonomous house

Providing your home with electricity from solar panels without batteries, while the sun is shining, the energy goes to the electricity grid and the meter is spinning in the opposite direction - you sell electricity to the state, and when there is no sun, you buy it at night

Full electric supply of country houses

Full provision of your home is a big investment and it requires a lot of equipment, so the price here starts from several hundred thousand rubles, and easily goes away for a million rubles. The cheapest option at the initial stage and for ease of installation and connection is a gasoline or diesel generator, but the disadvantage is that it requires fuel, as well as constant noise from it, and you also need a separate room for its installation, or installation outside ( but there in winter it can freeze and run poorly).

We now have average power consumption of about 200kW per month in average country houses or country houses. Consumption includes many electrical devices, and among them are those that require power all day, for example, circulating pumps and electric heating boilers, refrigerators, etc. Therefore, the generator should work for days and provide more power when needed, for example, when we turn on microwave, electric kettle, power tools, welding machine, and more. All this can be calculated and determined with the power of the generator, but I will immediately say that you do not buy cheap, because the miser pays twice, and if he does not understand, then he will spend money on repairs and replacement of various devices.

Autonomous house power from the generator

An example of electrical support for a house from a diesel generator, which is installed outside in a special container

For full autonomy, a gasoline or diesel generator must provide power up to 6 kW, and work for days on the span, and its resource must be high, otherwise the generator will wear out in a year or two and you will have to buy a new one or invest in a major overhaul. At the same time, during this time, he also “eats” tons of expensive fuel. Initial investments with an average of 50-100t.rub., And the subsequent purchase of fuel. But of the benefits of the generator works regardless of the weather and when you need. Also, additional equipment can be added to the generator, for example, a generator control unit and switching from the central power grid when electricity is lost.

Generator + bespereboynik

And it is also possible to install an uninterrupted battery source that can control the generator and the power grid. And if, for example, you do not have a power supply at all, then when the batteries run out of charge in the bespereboynik, it will start the generator for a while, and how the batteries will charge, the gas generator will stop and electricity will flow from the batteries. At the same time, the UPS also immediately supplies 220 volts and inside it has a battery charging controller and a switching unit from the power grid and back, and controlling the petrolgenerator.

Also, if you have a power grid, but it often disappears and is not of high quality, you can install an uninterrupted power supply and as long as there is a network, it will charge and wait in full readiness, and as soon as the electricity is gone, it will turn on its inverter and supply 220 volts home. The charge of internal batteries is enough for several hours of work in the autonomous mode, which is usually enough to wait for the power supply to go out. But the battery and the batteries themselves also stand decently, I will not advertise specific devices here, I think you will find it yourself if you want. But plus the generator works with a bespereboynik in that the generator does not need to work constantly, and it is required only to charge batteries.

Wind Power Solar

  If you are not satisfied with the benzo-diesel generator, you do not want to hear the noise from his work, and is busy with the purchase and refueling. That is, alternative sources of electricity, such as solar panels and wind turbines, but here everything is much more complicated. The wind and the sun are not a constant thing, and you have to reckon with and count everything from and to, and again, the less you want to spend at once, the more expensive its power plant will be in maintenance. For example, the block of the cheapest batteries has to be changed every 1-3 years, and if you buy quality and suitable batteries, you can forget about replacing them for ten years or more.

Autonomous power station

battery pack of an autonomous power station, as well as other equipment, so it looks about its autonomous

In the spring, summer and autumn periods of the sun is usually quite enough and here you just need to calculate the power of the solar panels and the capacity of the batteries for a day and this will be enough. For example, if you have about 200 kW per month, then 200: 30 = 6.6 kW / day. That is, 6.6 kW per day is consumed, and then there will be enough solar panels for 1.5 kW and batteries with a working capacity of 7 kW. Working capacity is the capacity that can be used without significant loss of battery capacity.

For example, for car starter batteries it is no more than 30%, for traction lead no more than 70%, for alkaline about 80%, and lifepo4 is also 80%. That is, if you put the cheapest starter batteries, then in order to constantly take 7 kW from them, they need full capacity for 21 kW, then they will last up to three years or even more. And if they each time are discharged to 50-80%, then already in the first months they will begin to drastically lose capacity, and quickly degrade.

In winter, in the middle part of Russia and closer to the north, the sun is very bad and the production of solar panels falls on cloudy days up to 20 times and they can no longer charge batteries if electricity is constantly taken from them. And here you need to put a wind generator or a gas generator to help, in order to charge batteries during these periods. At the same time, the wind generator is of course preferable because it does not require fuel for work, but you need to study the situation with the wind in your area in order to understand how much a wind generator is needed and whether it makes sense, or you may have calm all these days - when there is no sun, and then without a gas generator is indispensable.

Alternative home power supply

A wind generator and solar panels allow you to fully meet all energy needs

Mini power station

  If you do not need kilowatts of power, but it is enough that there is light and electricity for the TV, laptop and charging phones, then everything is much simpler, and you can even give up the inverter and transfer everything to power from 12 volts and save on the inverter itself. And also the inverter itself has an efficiency of 80-90%, that is, without it, on average, 15% of the energy can still be used with benefit, and not to heat the inverter. Of course, consumers at 12 volts also have their own power supply, but when we do everything at 220 volts and install an inverter, we convert from 12 volts to 220v by losing 15% of energy, and then about the same on converters from 220v to 19v, 12v , 5v. If we exclude an inverter from this chain, then we can save 15% of energy.

You can also save on batteries. For example, lead-acid batteries have an efficiency of about 85-90% if they operate in the nominal mode, but if they are charged and discharged with a current greater than 1:10 of capacity, the charge-discharge efficiency becomes even lower. The same with alkaline, the efficiency of which is the worst. And if lithium-iron-phosphate batteries are used, their efficiency is 95-98%, and at the same time it does not deteriorate much even when it is charged to be discharged with large currents, while there are batteries such as alkaline and expensive lead traction. Saving on the inverter and putting lifepo4 batteries, the benefit will average 30%, which means you need to put either 30% less solar panels, or you will have 30% more energy. I think this is very important, especially when there is not enough energy, and the budget is limited.

If you sometimes need to turn on something from 220 volts, for example, a small power tool, then you can separately install a cheap inverter with a modified sinusoid with a power of 1 kW, and a drill, a small Bulgarian, etc. will work through it. But circulating pumps and refrigerators through cheap inverters often refuse to work, and here it is better to immediately take an inverter with a pure sine wave output.

But we are all accustomed to 220 volts, and if you all want to convert to 220 volts, then buy a good inverter with a margin of power and then increase the power of the solar panels and the capacity of the batteries. In general, if you buy something for your autonomous system, then no matter where the rule applies, the miser pays twice, and if it does not reach it, then it will change the failed devices. I have experienced all this myself, and this is especially true for batteries, it’s better in less than a year to send them to the dump.

Calculation of a small power plant for minimum needs

For example, if you don’t have a power supply in your dacha, you don’t want to start a car to charge (phone, laptop, tablet, or flashlight, or watch TV, etc.) and it’s not convenient, you can install a solar power station. Put on the roof of the house a solar panel, or several, about 200 watts (price 15000 rubles), a battery with a working capacity of 500-700 watts (10-20t.rub.), Battery charging controller (price 3-5t.rub). This is enough for you to work around the clock a small TV set with a 12-volt diagonal of 15-19 inches, and much more, and of course the light around the house (2-3 small power bulbs). If you plan to use it all the time in winter, you will have to either add a gas generator or a 600watt wind generator, but it all depends on the presence of wind in your area.

Mini power station

A small homemade power station

Calculation of a powerful power station

  If you want to power the whole house all year round, and consume 200kW per month, then the power of the solar panels should be from 1.5kW / h, the working capacity of batteries from 10kW, a good 220 volt converter, well, everything else. And for the winter or a benzogenrator, or a wind generator. The price is approximately the same, for solar panels about 100-150t.rub, batteries 200-250t.rub, controller 10-15t.rub. Inverter 15-30trub, well, there further further additionally - individually for each.

In general, the entire calculation should always begin with a full analysis of your needs and conditions, so as not to lose money and spend the money most rationally. Alternative energy is an expensive pleasure, and as a result, it still doesn’t replace the electric grid, and here it is necessary to understand and optimize the power consumption. It is necessary to save and move to lower power consumption, and if you want to use electric heaters, powerful pumps, voracious household appliances, it is better to pull the power grid, otherwise your power plant will cost a lot, quite a million rubles, and require maintenance.

Back-up power supply of a country house remains an issue at any time. Many owners of private country houses are faced with situations where electricity suddenly disappears. The correct solution to this problem is to provide electricity at home by organizing backup power.

Device backup power systems at home

Autonomous power supply system can ensure the smooth operation of all equipment at home. In the event of a failure in the fixed network, backup power supply will be able to provide the necessary power for the instruments to operate. Power supplies that provide a home-independent power supply are different and are presented in a wide variety.

To provide electricity to a private country house with an unplanned power outage is often used:

The main function of modern sources of backup power at home - the implementation of uninterrupted supply of electricity at home.

Redundant uninterruptible power supplies perform the following functions:

• Power control
• Power surge filtering
• Battery Charging

When the values ​​of the power supply system have critical parameters or there is no electricity at all, the automation switches on the inverter, which takes the current from the battery.

Selection of equipment for autonomous power supply at home

The duration and quality of work of devices depends on the correctness of the equipment chosen for the backup power supply system at home. To choose a backup power source should be responsible.

For a private house usually choose the following devices:

• Inverters.  These devices are different and have their own characteristics. You need to know that an inverter with a sinusoidal output gives better quality electricity and will be able to power all electrical appliances.
• Batteries. You should know that the more battery capacity, the longer you can use the stored energy

Modern backup power supply system

Modern backup uninterrupted power supply to a private home is possible with solar panels. The battery system is an environmentally friendly way to generate electrical energy to power the network. The elements of a solar cell are made up of photovoltaic modules that are covered with glass. This glass has a certain texture and allows you to absorb a lot of sunlight.

A wind generator can be used as a source of electricity only in areas where there is wind. Now this energy source is rarely used as a backup power supply of a country house due to unfavorable conditions for work.

Gas-generating power plants for electricity supply

Gas-generating power plants can run on natural and liquefied gas. They connect to the gas system. The cost of operating these power supplies is usually significantly lower than that of other generators.

Gas generating plants have:

• Synchronous, asynchronous battery
• Built-in automatic control system

Most often, the power plants are designed for uninterrupted long-term operation in auto mode with the ability to control remotely. Harmful emissions from these devices are less.

Gas generators to power the house

A gas generator is used to generate low-power electrical energy and can work for a while. These sources come with air and water cooling systems.

Gasoline Autonomous Generator:

• It has a compact size
• Convenient for transportation
• Suitable for home power supply

The petrol generator is often used to supply power to private houses where there is no long-term supply of electricity from the main power grid. For long work, it is not suitable.

Diesel generator for home power supply

The diesel generator is more powerful and, depending on the design features, can be designed for long operation.

• Synchronous and asynchronous generator
• Automatic control system

However, a diesel generator, like a gasoline generator, when operating, throws out harmful combustion products and creates a lot of noise when generating electricity. This requires the adoption of various technical measures in order to reduce adverse effects.

Bespereboynik do it yourself for a country house

In the operation of the power supply of a private house often there are interruptions in power supply. To ensure the autonomous operation of power supply today, many different devices and equipment are offered, but you can make an alternative source of power supply on your own, which is not so difficult.

You need to purchase an inverter and do the following:

• To the side where the terminals are located, you must connect the wires with a cross section of 4 square meters.
• Then connect the charger cable to the terminal
• After that, you can make the connection to the battery
• Now everything is connected to the inverter

Back-up power supply and uninterrupted power supply at home - how to make back-up power at home

  Back-up power supply of a country house. Features of the backup power system. Modern energy supply systems of a private house. Uninterrupted power at home.

Reserve source of energy for a country house

Winter has remained behind our shoulders, spring efforts are waiting ahead, the beginning of the garden and construction season. And if there is no electricity on the plot, then there will only be more trouble.

Petrol or battery

Indeed, the construction of a house without a source of electricity can not do, and in the case of garden or household troubles power tools greatly facilitates the work. But what to do if there is no electricity at the site yet? The standard answer literally falls from the tongue - the gas generator. And this is at the price of gasoline at around 30 rubles per liter. Has anyone tried to pre-calculate fuel costs? It is clear that it costs money, but which ones? How to estimate the real cost of operating a gas generator?

A 1 kW petrol generator with a 5 l tank is designed for autonomous operation for 8 hours at 75% load. In other words, with a constant load of 750 W for 8 hours, it fully utilizes the supply of gasoline, providing 6 kWh (750 W * 8 h) of energy from the generator.

This is its normal performance. Now consider another solution to the same problem. A comparable parameter will be the cost of one kWh.

So, the amount of 150 rubles. (5 l * 30 rubles / l) will be a payment for energy consumption of 6 kWh from a gas generator, that is, the cost of 1 kWh is 25 rubles. Electricity from the outlet is within 2 rubles / kWh, or 12.5 times cheaper.

Here is a vivid example of the inefficiency of liquid generators compared to the external network (220V from the outlet). Of course, the question arises - how to deliver electricity from the outlet to the right place, and the answer is quite obvious - in batteries. And any difficulties that arise when using the battery, in fact, are exactly the same as when using the generator. For example, a battery, as well as a generator and gasoline for it, must somehow be put in place. The capacity of the battery is also not infinite (limited time), as well as the supply of gasoline in the tank. The battery life with a margin is overlapped by the difference in the cost of kWh of such solutions, plus after-sales service is simpler and cheaper than an example.

The cost of generating 1 kWh of a gasoline generator is 25 rubles, and the cost of generating 1 kWh of systems on a battery is 2 rubles. The cost of ownership of the systems will be equal in 1870 kW * h with the price of a gasoline 1 kW generator 7 thousand rubles, and 1 kW of the system on the battery 50 thousand rubles.

The above calculations completely dispel the myth that there is no alternative to generator solutions as the only autonomous source of energy. Accumulators due to their simplicity, environmental friendliness and safety more organically fit into the tasks of autonomous power supply and are recognized throughout the world as a priority.

When solving the problem of autonomous power supply, generator systems are not ideal, since the operation of any generator is due to the capacity of its fuel tank, however, the systems on batteries have similar limitations. Therefore, fully autonomous objects combine both solutions, and often use alternative energy sources (sun, wind, water).

What is 1870 kWh? This is 5 months of continuous work with a “Bulgarian” with a power of 2 kW, provided that they work 8 hours / day 22 days a month.

Battery solutions are also multifunctional in terms of charging the batteries themselves. They can be charged from the external network (220V from the outlet), and from solar panels (panels) or wind turbines, and from conventional generators. That is, any DC source of required voltage. Alternative sources of energy, in addition to everything, make it possible to obtain practically free energy. A 200 watt solar panel in a bright daylight hours can generate up to 1 kW of energy. Given the virtually unlimited service life of solar panels (from 25 years), you can calculate how much free energy will generate an array of 10 panels for 25 years.

An ordinary example of autonomous power supply

What is the convenience of using the battery instead of the generator? Ease of use (connected wire, pressed the button), no noise, no emissions, instant start, no explosion hazard. I brought, plugged in, worked, disconnected, drove, charged - the whole process is completely similar to the process of operating the generator, unless there is no need to fill in the fuel, check the oil level, wait for the output to reach the specified power after starting. And an additional plus is that each charging of the battery saves costs by 12.5 times compared with the fuel.

That is, after 5 months, the hourly use of the “grinder” from the battery will be 12.5 times cheaper than when powered by a gas generator.

Today, many owners of private homes have gasoline or diesel generators. Having spent once on its purchase and having used a couple of times, it is usually left to gather dust in the storeroom or garage. Extremely rare use of generators due to high costs and their limited functionality. At the same time, the battery will always find a use. Construction is over? A battery kit is useful as a UPS for a home or for individual devices (boiler, pump, light, instrument), and the system will work much more stable and more reliable than the generator. And each battery charging will cost 12.5 times cheaper. In cases of backup power supply (in case of emergency shutdowns of the external power supply network), generator solutions do not stand up to any competition with the battery, beforehand and obviously losing to them in everything.

Typical backup power supply example

Do you trust the child to start the generator or topping up the fuel? The answer is obvious. At the same time, today almost every baby walks with a cell phone (in which there is a battery). Thus, battery solutions eliminate unnecessary risks and allow even a child to start equipment. The selection of components for such a system is also not difficult. In addition to the battery, an inverter charging complex is required. This is an automatic switching unit between the external network and the battery, which in battery mode converts the current from constant (battery) to alternating (220V), and when the external network is restored, it switches back and automatically starts the built-in charger to replenish the battery.

That's essentially all. The choice of various batteries and inverters on the market is quite wide. And although the choice of products of large foreign manufacturers is a guarantee of reliability of the battery, the “younger” Chinese colleagues today are no longer lagging behind in terms of quality. So if you need mobile and autonomous electricity, there is a guaranteed reliable and at the same time economical solution without noise and exhaust gases - batteries.

Reserve source of energy for a country house, HOUSE OF IDEAS

  The power tool makes life much easier, but what if the energy to the site is supplied with large interruptions or there is no power supply as such? There are solutions based on the gas generator and batteries.

Backup power of a private house from the battery

The inverter is a DC / AC converter (220 volts). Sources of DC 12 volt are batteries (battery) or solar cells.

The inverter uses the energy of one or several rechargeable batteries, discharges over time and requires charging. To charge the batteries, use a charger that can be powered from a city network or from a generator.

In autonomous systems with an alternative source of energy, battery charge can also be carried out from solar panels, a wind generator or a micro-hydro station.

The simplest and most common use of an inverter is to use it as a backup or emergency source of 220 volts from a car.

You connect the inverter to the battery (12 volts DC) and then plug your household appliance into a 220 volt outlet on the inverter case, receiving a 220 volt mobile source.

With the help of an inverter, you can power almost any household appliances: kitchen appliances, microwave oven, power tools, TV, stereo, computer, printer, refrigerator, not to mention any lighting devices. All this technique you can use anywhere and whenever you want!

A simple example: at the dacha the electricity was cut off, and you have no light, you cannot watch your favorite TV series in the evening, and, what is most unpleasant, the refrigerator dripped. With an inverter and batteries, you can provide yourself with electricity for at least a few hours.

Another example. The inverter can come in handy, autonomously, from a car battery, to use power tools (drill, saw, plane, etc.) at the facility where there is no 220 volt network.

What is uninterruptible power system?

The uninterruptible power system installed in your home, and includes batteries and an inverter, will allow you to become independent from power outages of 220 volts. In case of shutdown of an external network, lighting and devices of your house will pass to power supply from rechargeable batteries through the inverter. After the resumption of electricity supply, the system charger will automatically charge the batteries.

What are uninterruptible power systems?

We divide uninterruptible power systems into 3 types:

1. Small systems up to 1.5kW are used to ensure uninterrupted operation of low-power loads, such as, for example, a gas / diesel heating boiler, as well as several circulation pumps. Installing such a system will not allow the house to freeze in the cold when the city network is disconnected.
2. Systems with 1 incoming AC line are systems with an inverter, typically from 2.0 to 6.0 kW, connected to only one external AC source, most often to a city one. In such systems, the use of a backup generator is possible only in manual mode using a manual incoming power switch.
3. Systems with 2 incoming AC lines are systems with an inverter that connects simultaneously to the city network and to the generator. When the battery is discharged, such a system automatically starts the generator, charges the battery and turns off the generator until the next discharge cycle. When installing this type of system, there is no need for a generator with automatics (the so-called ATS - automatic input of a reserve), since the inverter itself performs the function of ATS.

What is the difference between an uninterrupted and autonomous system?

An autonomous system, we call a system that does not have a connection to the city network and uses a generator or an alternative source (solar panels, wind generator or micro-hydro) as an energy source.

An autonomous system with a generator operates in a constant cyclic mode: the supply of loads is the charge from the generator. Depending on the battery capacity and the average hourly power consumption of loads, the charge-discharge cycle can be once a day or two. Compared with the use of a single generator, the use of an inverter system reduces the generator operation time by 2-5 times.

The scheme of the cottage-based uninterruptible power system based on an inverter, which includes several current sources, including alternative ones:

The classic scheme of the cottage uninterruptible power system:

In many cases, the inverter system can replace the generator. The main advantages of inverter systems over the generator:

1. Noiselessness
2. Lack of exhaust and smell of fuel
3. Compact and installable in any utility room
4. No need to bring petrol or diesel
5. Higher switching reliability, especially in winter
6. Lack of a pause in the power supply of the house during the transition to the reserve (real uninterrupted operation)
7. Virtually no maintenance required.

What are the main characteristics of inverters?

The main characteristics of the inverter, which are worth paying attention to:

1. Rated power (in kilowatts) - determines what the total power of loads can be constantly powered from this inverter.
2. Peak power (in kilowatts) - determines which maximum peak power can withstand the inverter during battery operation. Some devices, especially electric motors, compressors or pumps, have a starting capacity that is 2-5 times higher than their nominal consumption.
3. AC waveform when inverting from DC is a characteristic that determines the quality of the inverter. A quality inverter should have a smooth sinusoidal waveform, identical to the alternating current of the urban network.
4. Current of the built-in charger (if available) - determines what the maximum capacity of the battery can “pump” (charge) the built-in memory.
5. Ability to charge various types of batteries. For example, sealed and open batteries have significant differences in the voltages of the various stages of the charge.
6. The presence of a temperature sensor to adjust the charge voltage depending on the ambient temperature. When cold, the charge voltage should be higher; in case of heat, the opposite is lower. If such compensation does not occur, then expensive batteries may be undercharged or recharged, leading to their premature failure.
7. The presence of sleep mode - the ability of the inverter to go into an economical mode in the absence of loads, and "wake up" when the load is turned on. In sleep mode, the inverter's own consumption is several times lower than in the working one. This is especially important in autonomous systems, where this feature can quite significantly affect the autonomous operation time of the entire system.
8. The presence of a built-in relay switch - means that the inverter can automatically “pick up” the power supply to the loads when the external network is lost. An inverter without a relay has only an “outgoing” AC line, to which loads powered by batteries are connected. An inverter with a relay has "incoming" and "outgoing" lines. An external network is connected to the input, which is transmitted to the loads through a relay. At the time of the loss of the external network, the relay is activated and the loads are transferred to battery power.

Also, when choosing an inverter, you should pay attention to the weight factor - 1 kW = 10 kg, that is, an inverter of 6 kW should weigh about 60 kg. This means that such an inverter has a good copper trance.

What DC voltage to choose for my system?

We work with three "face values" - 12 V, 24 V and 48 V.

The efficiency of 12-volt systems, as a rule, is significantly lower than the efficiency of systems with a higher nominal.

• Small uninterruptible power systems up to 1.5 kW
• Small solar systems with 1-2 panels of 12-volt nominal
• DC systems: LED lighting, etc.
• Car inverters up to 2 kW (with a mandatory hard connection to the battery)

• 24 V nominal is suitable for solar-powered systems. The most affordable solar panels have a working voltage of about 36 V, which are designed to charge 24-volt batteries through simple and inexpensive charge controllers.

48 V:  It is recommended for uninterrupted / autonomous power supply systems and solar systems with power above 4.5 kW. These systems have the highest efficiency and allow the use of DC cables of relatively small cross section (70 mm2 - 120 mm2).

What power inverter do I need?

To turn on a small TV or laptop computer from a car battery, it will be enough to have an inverter up to 500 watts.

If we talk about backup systems at home, the inverter power parameter will depend on the power consumption of the devices that will work in your network from batteries. If only lighting devices and a TV will be used, then an inverter of 500-1000 W can be dispensed with (calculate the power consumption yourself). If you plan to turn on the inverter most of the lighting and most household appliances in the house, then you will need an inverter of at least 1.5 kW and above.

You must first calculate the total power devices that you want to connect to the inverter. Power consumption of the device is usually indicated on the device itself or in the operation manual (section technical specifications). I would recommend using an inverter at least 20-30% more power than the highest power consumption you have counted.

As a rule, when installing an uninterrupted power supply system, not all loads are connected to it, but only “emergency-necessary”: light (and perhaps not all), boiler equipment, gates, a well, water purification, security, etc. Powerful loads are not connected: the sauna, various heaters, and in some cases large “garlands” of halogen lighting, etc.

Usually, everything that contains an electric motor (for example, a refrigerator or a heating pump) has a so-called “starting” power, which can be much higher than the rated power of the inverter. Starting power is the power required to start the device. Typically, such power is required for a short time up to several seconds, after which the device switches to normal consumption mode (output power).

How to connect the inverter? What need wires? What is needed more?

Usually we undertake all the work on connecting and commissioning an uninterruptible power supply system. If you want to connect the inverter yourself, then the complexity depends on the power.

Portable 150W inverters have a plug that can be plugged into a car cigarette lighter. This is convenient, but the power of such a connection is extremely limited. More powerful portable inverters have terminals with clips that attach to the contacts of the car battery.

Inverters with a capacity of more than 500 W must be firmly connected to the battery in order to avoid the sparking of the contacts.

The basic rule is to connect DC using thick wires as short as possible. If you need to install the inverter away from the battery, it is recommended to increase the length of AC 220 volts (for example, use an extension cord). DC connection (battery to inverter) is recommended to be no longer than 3 meters.

In addition, for uninterrupted power supply systems of high power, it is recommended to install an automatic circuit breaker or DC fuse.

Which is better to use rechargeable batteries?

In general, batteries are of two types: deep cycle and starter. For uninterrupted systems, only deep cycle batteries are suitable that can withstand periods of prolonged discharging and charging. Below we will consider only the deep cycle battery. We classify them into the following types:

1. Gel (GEL) - with electrolyte in a gel state

2. AGM (AGM) - the most common sealed battery

Ii. Open (flooded)

Sealants do not require service and can be installed in almost any room. Their performance is somewhat weaker: they are not recommended to be discharged “to the floor” and left discharged for a long time. The average number of full discharge cycles is about 500-600.

Open batteries require periodic testing of electrolyte and topping up distillate. They are installed only in ventilated rooms. These batteries are much more durable and can be subject to a leveling process, during which they are restored to their initial state. The average number of full discharge cycles can go up to 1500-2000.

What battery capacity is needed for an uninterruptible power system at home?

The bigger, the better. We can advise you to navigate according to the following table:

The number of 12-volt battery

We believe that one 12-volt battery 200 Ah contains 2 kW / h of energy. Those. if we discharge it with a load of 200 W, then theoretically it should be enough for 10 hours.

What type of batteries to use? Can I use car batteries?

Most portable car inverters up to 500 watts will give you a current of 220 volts for 30-60 minutes from a car battery, even if the car is not working. This time depends on the condition and age of the battery, as well as on the power consumption of the included equipment 220 volts. If you use the inverter with the car engine off, keep in mind that your battery is discharged and you need to turn on the engine to charge it every hour for at least 10 minutes.

Inverters over 500 W and stationary uninterruptible power inverters.

How much will the system work when the external network is disconnected?

The smaller the load and the higher the capacity of the installed batteries, the greater the time margin.

Electric kettle 2 kW, boiling water for 6 minutes, i.e. 1/10 hour (assuming that it was turned on only once in that hour)

Energy-saving lighting lamps (each at 20 W / h), for example, a total of 15 lamps are lit

Gate 1,5 kW, time of opening and closing - 1 minute (2 min = 1/30 hour)

Boiler with forced burner 100 W / h and 4 heating circulating pumps of 75 W / h each

Pump well 3 kW, turns on 3 times for 2 minutes for an hour (6 min = 1/10 hour

Now we calculate the total battery capacity:

We take the standard system of eight 12-volt batteries of 200 Ah each: 12 x 200 x 8 = 19200 W / h, multiplied by the coefficient. losses

0.75-0.8 = 15 kW / h of total capacity. This value is divided by the average load per hour and we obtain the duration of the autonomous operation of the system with the average hourly load taken.

In our case, the battery life of home appliances before the discharge of the battery is about 10 hours.

It should be added that with constantly high loads, the rate of "eating" energy from the battery will increase. Another note: this calculation is theoretical and will be adjusted depending on many factors, such as battery age, ambient temperature, etc.

Is it possible to make uninterrupted electric heating?

We do not install our systems on electric boilers and other heating devices due to their high power consumption. Batteries will be discharged too quickly. The meaning of installing our system is lost.

In almost all cases, we put our systems only in cottages with main gas supply. With very few exceptions, all modern gas-fired boilers require power from the 220 V network. At the same time, their power consumption is very low, which allows for a fairly long battery life even for a small battery capacity.

If there is no gas in your house, our advice is to install a diesel boiler or a gas tank. With the current state of the power grids in Russia and our winters, relying only on electric heating means risking to freeze the house with a rather high probability.

I have a 3-phase network in my house, can I install a 3-phase system?

As a rule, on most objects with 3-phase "wiring" you can install a 1-phase system without loss in its functionality to protect the house from interruptions. We simply group the most important loads into phase 1 and pass it through the inverter. During the "shutdown" the other two phases are de-energized, and the one that was protected by the inverter continues to power the loads connected to it.

If this option is not suitable, then it remains to put 3 inverters. Currently, we only install 3-phase systems based on Xantrex XW inverters.

In this case, we have 2 options:

1. 3-phase system with phase synchronization - necessary if there are 3-phase motors (pumps, etc.). When the phase 1 disappears, the entire system switches to the reserve and will power all 3 phases from the battery.
2. 3 inverters separately for each phase - a more flexible system, but only if there are no 3-phase loads. When one of the phases disappears, only this phase turns on the inverter. The remaining two will charge the battery and feed the load on their phases from the network. This means that the missing phase can be maintained almost indefinitely.

How can I increase the battery life of my system without an external network?

Purchase additional batteries and reduce consumption.

Some tips for "extreme":

1. Use energy-saving bulbs instead of incandescent bulbs
2. Instead of a ceiling light, connect only sockets to the system and use table lamps and floor lamps as necessary.
3. Do not connect to the system "extra" circulation pumps, for example, floor heating pumps
4. Put a couple of solar panels, at least during the day autonomy may increase due to the energy of the sun

What does the output power and peak power mean?

Usually, everything that contains an electric motor (for example, a refrigerator or a heating pump) has a so-called “starting” power, which can be much higher than the rated power of the inverter. Starting power is the power required to start the device. Typically, such power is required for a short time up to several seconds, after which the device switches to normal consumption mode (nominal power).

The peak power indicated in the characteristics of the inverter gives an idea whether the inverter can start the device connected to it. Usually, the inverter “digests” the peak starting load 1.5 times the nominal. For example, OutBack VFX3048E (nominal 3 kW) has an indicator of 5.75 kW peak power.

Is the inverter stabilizer?

Not. The stabilizer is a separate device. If both the inverter and the stabilizer were made in the same package, then such a device would be very cumbersome and weigh more than 100 kg on a power of 3-4 kW. In addition, reliability would most likely suffer.

In some cases, a programmable inverter can be used as a stabilizer, but only for short periods of network deviations from 220 volts, setting it to a narrow range of the incoming network. In this case, with deviations, he would switch to the battery, producing an equal 220 volts. The disadvantages of this scheme of work are frequent switching of the relay with the possibility of its premature failure, as well as the likelihood of a fast discharge of the battery.

Do I need a stabilizer?

A stabilizer is desirable on sites with a bad network. The stabilizer is placed at the entrance of the city network after the counter and in front of the inverter. Most often, the stabilizer protects ALL loads, while the inverter protects only a part - the most vital ones. For this reason, the power of the stabilizer is usually higher than the power of the inverter. In addition, we advise you to choose the stabilizer power by about 50% higher than the total power of the loads it feeds. At the same time, the probability of its use “at the limit” and failure due to frequent overloads decreases.

How to choose a backup generator?

For occasional use in homes connected to the urban network, suitable gasoline unit, for example, with a Honda engine. In autonomous systems, it makes sense to invest in more expensive diesel. Best for autonomous systems, where the generator will be used frequently, purchase a so-called. “Low-speed” diesel generator (1500 rpm versus the standard 3000 rpm). Such a generator is less noisy and has a significantly higher resource.

What should be the generator power to work in pairs with an inverter?

When the battery is exhausted and the generator is turned on, the house switches to power from the generator, which must simultaneously charge the battery. Hence the power of the generator = the power of the loads + the power of the charger. Usually, to charge a fairly large amount of battery, it takes from 1 to 3 kW of power, taken from the AC network. Inverters like Xantrex XW can charge very large battery capacity, while consuming up to 6 kW from the network. Our standard systems of 3-6 kW with 4-8 batteries are set to charge batteries with a capacity of about 2 kW.

If we put an inverter with a nominal value of 4-6 kW, then we assume that the total load of such power may occur in the house. If this uses a charger, the generator power should be at least 6-8 kW.

When using a low-power generator (for example, 3 kW), after discharging the batteries, you can not charge them, but transfer all generator power to the loads. In this case, during a long interruption, the batteries will be used first, and after that the remaining time until the network appears, the house will be powered only by a generator. If the generator has enough power, then after charging the battery it will turn off until the next cycle, and such cycles can continue theoretically indefinitely.

Do I need a generator with AVR (automatics)?

When using XW inverters, automatics are not needed, since the inverter itself performs its ATS (Automatic Transfer of Reserves). Here you can save about 40000r. Without buying a generator with AVR.

Which inverter is best for boat / yacht?

What is a pure sine current and how is it different from a “quasi-sine”?

What type of inverter do I need - with a clean or modified sine?

The advantages of inverters with a pure sine wave output current of 220 volts:

1. The AC waveform of 220 volts at the output of the inverter has extremely small harmonic distortion, and practically does not differ from the standard voltage of a household network of 220 volts.

2. Inductive engines of microwave swords, as well as other household appliances containing electric motors, work faster, less heating.

3. Less noise in devices such as, for example, hair dryers, fluorescent lamps, audio amplifiers, fax machines, game consoles, etc.

4. Less likely to freeze the computer, printer printing errors, interruptions and monitor noise.

5. Reliable operation of the following devices, which will not function with a modified sinusoid current:

• Laser printer, copier, magneto-optical drive
• Some portable computers
• Some fluorescent lights
• Power tools with transistors and variable speed
• Some chargers for cordless power tools
• Microprocessor controlled devices
• Digital clock radio
• Variable speed motor with microprocessor control
• Some medical devices, such as oxygen concentrators

Modified sine wave inverters will work with most electrical appliances. If your task is to provide uninterrupted power for home lighting, a TV, a refrigerator, then an inverter with a modified sinusoid will be the most economical solution. Pure sine inverters are designed to work with more sensitive equipment.

Will the computer work on the current of a modified sinusoid?

My multimeter shows 190 volts when measuring voltage from a quasi-sine inverter. I have a faulty inverter?

No, everything is fine with your inverter. A typical tester can give an error from 20% to 40% when measuring the voltage of a quasi-sinus inverter. For correct measurement, use the “effective value” tester, also called the “RMS value” or “TRUE RMS” tester. Such a device is much more expensive than ordinary cheap multimeters, but only it can show the correct voltage of a quasi-sinus inverter.

How to connect two or more batteries?

It is preferable to use 2 (or more) batteries of the same type of 12 volts in a parallel configuration. This will give 2 (or more) times more capacity, and, therefore, more time to work before the need for charging.

6-volt batteries can also be connected in series to double the voltage to 12 volts. 6-volt batteries must be connected in pairs.

12-volt batteries connected in parallel to double the capacity (Ah)

6-volt batteries connected in series (serially) to double the voltage to 12 volts

Inverter microwave oven

The power characteristic of a microwave oven is the power of “cooking”. In most cases, the actual power consumption is much higher than that indicated on the price tag. The actual power consumption is usually indicated on the back of the furnace. This needs to be kept in mind if you want to use a microwave from an inverter.

Features of the TV and audio equipment

Despite the fact that all inverters are shielded devices to reduce noise, some interference affecting the quality of the signal body may still occur (especially with a weak signal).

Here are some tips:

• First of all, make sure that the antenna gives a normal signal under normal conditions, without an inverter. Make sure the antenna cable is of good quality.
• Try to change the location of the antenna, TV and inverter relative to each other. Make sure that the DC wires are as far away from the TV as possible.
• Ring the TV's power wires and the wires that connect the battery to the inverter.
• Put the filter on the TV's power cable.

Some inexpensive audio equipment may slightly "fade" when working from the inverter. The solution to this problem is only in the purchase of better equipment.

Uninterrupted power systems for cottages

  Uninterruptible Power Supplies Schneider Electric, Xantrex, Outback, TBS, for cottages and cottages. Sale, technical expertise and installation of autonomous power systems.

Thick or thin?

Many Chrones take on a campaign devices that require autonomous power - GPS, PDA, walkie-talkies, cameras, players. But how to “saturate” your device if it has a battery and not batteries?

they remember that a craftsman lives in Moscow, who for a small fee makes a charger that allows you to get 5-6 volts from two batteries and a half volts (in my case 5.2 was necessary) and 300-400 mA. Let's expand this topic a bit.

Let me remind you, two AA “fingers” give 100% charge of the Sony Clie UX-50 PDA battery in about 5 hours. In this summer's campaign, I recharged my handheld four times, using it for navigation, reading reports and diary stuffing. Using a PDA at home is different from hiking. In rain and cold, repeated use of the device can “land” lithium three times faster than expected.

Sony was recharged at night, so that by the morning the device was ready. Permanently pulling a pair of new batteries from a carefully packed germa somewhere from the bottom of the boat, recycling old devices and preparing the device for work made me a bit tired, and I decided to test the charge from thick “batteries” (type D), since the “nest” was for them issued to me in the load.

So, a pair of fat “Energizers” was purchased, and the test was successfully carried out. "Thick" in all respects beat the AA format. However, I note that the charge was made indoors at a temperature of 23 degrees.

Rapid "burning" of the charge was ensured by continuous viewing of video from the Memory Stick. After 1 hour and 20 minutes, the PDA began to angrily curse that it had 11-12% left and it would be time already ... Sony's empty battery is considered to be “8-9% charged.” I brought it to this state by viewing the slideshow.

Two "fat" was enough for 7 PDA charges. The first three cycles took 3.5 hours, the next three from 5 to 10 hours. The last (seventh) charge finished the battery up to 60%.

The end of the charge is clearly visible as the diode on the charging device — it becomes brighter when the box loses consumer load. Now we will quickly calculate: two not the coolest D batteries cost 100-120 rubles, 14 “fingers” - 280 rubles. Eating from the "thick" is not only profitable, it is also more convenient - such a device can still be rolled into an relatively tight cube with a cradle for a PDA at home, and at the right time you can simply insert a handheld into it without bothering to change batteries and recycle wires, etc. If you recharge the PDA in such a way once every two days, then they definitely should be enough for a two-week trip.

Total: a seemingly primitive, but perfectly working device with lithium-ion. You can contact the developer and order the version you need here http://starostin.palmclub.ru/ It cost 350 pe in 2004. But I want to warn you right away that Dmitry is not eager to upgrade his products to meet all the wishes of the customer; and many desires, therefore we shall look for more ...

“Vampirchik” - Pros and Cons

In Moscow, there is an unofficial office in the person of one enthusiast (let's call it Vampirchik-San, hereinafter referred to as "VC"), which offers a slightly more modified device. A large range of output voltages (from 5 to 14 volts), smooth voltage regulation (recall that in the previous device there is only a “manual” switch 5 / 5.5 / 6 volts), stabilized current and voltage, universal terminals, two source status diodes one - charging. Cost - 600 re.

Chargers: from Starostin and "Vampirchik-1"

I wanted to figure out whether a radio station that consumes 10-12 volts can work from this voltage converter, because it needs from 550 to 1000 mA in the case of external power supply, to work with portable or base antennas.   "BC", at my request, compiled a table of current dependencies on the input and output voltages of the Vampirchik, with an input current of ~ 2.5 amperes.

U input / output	5 v	6 v	7 v	8 v	9 v	10 v	11 v	12 v	13 v	14 v
2 v
2.4 v
3 v
4 v					1300	1100
5 v					1300	1100

I want to draw your attention that this maximum currents; workers tend to be smaller. With the input voltage is also not all simple. For example, if you put two AA batteries into the Vampirchik socket, this does not mean that there will be 3 volts under the workload. Practically, the voltage on the power supply sources will “drop” to ~ 2.5 volts. This means that at 10, for example, the output volts, we will not get the coveted 1100 mA, and even 900! As a result, it is clear that from two batteries it is impossible to feed, for example, the "Golden Eagle" (such an experience, by the way, was produced and confirmed the theory ... J). From two batteries, not a single foreign CB Radio will work either, in which transmission consumption is even higher than that of our “birds”.

But "AA" -tandem can easily feed small radio 433 range - such as Vector VT -43. They just do not need it, probably a small number of batteries is easier to put directly into the radio. But still clearly shows that the "vampire" can work with a wide range of small devices.

Mini-tests carried out in apartment conditions showed that the Berkut portable radios, designed for external power, __ operate from a “vampire” and two batteries in it. Moreover, at the same time there was no radio interference from the voltage converter, even at a distance of 50 cm. In the responses on the “BC” forum, there was information that during the converter's operation there is interference on the radio; "... strong interference from a working vampire." It is impossible to recharge the battery while working with the radio. Interference prevents even at a distance of 20 meters from the converter ... " However, it was not possible to clarify which model was used. I do not know, maybe it's the radio. All attempts were made to hear such a hindrance, but to no avail. Both versions of “vampirchikov” were tested:

Vampirchik-1 in comparison with the radio "Berkut"

From radio stations "principled" test passed:

Radio B601m2. It works with signal interruption once a second. In theory, this model is not designed to work with external power, but it was still interesting to check

The radio B601m2T (new model). It works from an external source normally, exhibited 10 volts.

Walkie-talkies B803 and B803A. Work without problems from 11-12-13 volts, thunder, clearly, without interference. Although the early model B803A is not designed for external power! (however, all later, according to the manufacturer, will work - from spring 2006)

This is all great, but the test distance = 10 meters ... The ability to get to work on the full "Berkut" coil will be from 4.5-5 real input volts (for example, 4 "AA" batteries). But, firstly, they need another special socket, and secondly, where there are four, there are five ... and five batteries can already be shoved directly into the B601. A bit of a bummer.

In general, the question of the need for a bundle of "Batariski - vampirchik - radio station" is very shaky. But trying to power your PDA from a “vampire” is really useful!

Charging the PDA from "Vampirchik"

with Vampirchik-1 with Vampirchik-2

For the tests, we had to make an adapter “KPK-crocodiles”, and the “Vampire” already has a regular wire with “crocodiles”. Total connections are minimal, and without complications.

I must say that I have done a lot of experiments on charging the computer - the first version of “Vampirchik”, the second two, and my long-suffering “Sonya” participated in the tests. The second version is more compact and has some frills. In order not to bore the reader with the results of endless tests and stormy correspondence with “BC”, I will limit myself to the final result.

So, the “vampire” charges the lithium battery for 1 hour. It alarmed me, but they convinced me that I was a fool who did not understand my happiness, or that I had a battery curve. However, you can’t argue against the facts: more than 90% of the freshest batteries, I couldn’t charge the PDA even once. Moreover, the test video clip after charging with Vampirchik plays only 35 minutes! Instead of the 80s. This means that in reality a “Vampirchik” charges Sonia for a full cycle by no more than 43%. Although it looks like everything is in order: the current is stabilized, under load - 300 mA, the voltage is 5 V, on the PDA the signs of charging are highlighted ... And after an hour, the batteries are completely drained.

Let me remind you that the regular charging from the network is 3.5-4 hours, while the PDA is 100% charged; A similar situation with the device Dmitry Starostin, he has everything "ok." So, the conclusion: “Vampirchik” in its current form is an interesting device, but I cannot recommend it for charging lithium batteries.

I told Nicholas about the tests. However, even the "undercharging" did not shake the confidence of "BC" in its rightness. The mysterious phrase "... it means that it is a matter of tension ..." I was somewhat puzzled. What does stress have to do with it? Everything is measured. The network charger supplies 5.33 volts to the PDA, Starostin - 5, “Vampire” - 5. The voltage changes on the latter does not change the situation at all.

... But from two "AA" honestly played my ancient tape recorder, which is designed for five thick batteries. The voltage was set at 7.5 V ... J

Nevertheless, I think that a lover of "stuff" will be useful to know the plans

"BC", especially since in these plans very interesting devices are outlined:

1 - In the near future there will be a buffer for solar cells. He does the following. From an arbitrary input voltage from 4 to 15V makes about ~ 5.5V stable. At the same time, inside it there are acc., Which are charged and if the input power is not enough, then the energy is already taken from them. Those. You can work without the sun from acc. or batteries. If the sun is enough, then you can feed only from him. All switches in it are automatic. At the same time, the efficiency of all transformations is about 80%; higher than now at 5V. Can only as a stabilizer.

Those. Combination of the charger on 2AA, vampirchik and DOWNLOAD pulse stabilizer. Dimensions, 68x47x18mm, weight about 50g without acc.

At the time of publication of the article buffer has already appeared,  http://www.vampirchik-sun.nm.ru/buf1.htm (by the way, I'm going to get it)

2 - “Vampirchik” of the same design as mine, but with minor improvements (no diodes blinking, warning that the output is greater than 6V, non-combustible up to input voltages up to 15 (20?) V., works better at low voltages, compared with existing).

3 - The combination of a normal charger (nickel and m. 3.6V lithium) and "vampire".

4 - Maximum version. From 2 ... 20V (i.e., from what neither from solar panels to almost any adapters) do 4 ... 15V output (stabilized, of course), with a built-in buffer-charger. Digital adjustment of current and voltage. Automatic charging of batteries of ANY types (lithium, nickel, lead).

There is a digital processor inside, therefore not only a digital indication of everything and everything, but also swears and tips to the user in normal Russian (as long as it is written, and not out loud, although the oral program will most likely also be).

The user can customize almost all parameters for themselves. Weight 100-150g. The price is possible 50..70 dollars. Everything depends on the possibilities. At first, simpler and cheaper versions may appear.

5 - Planned release systems for powering laptops from solar panels. They can practically already be assembled even now, since all the nodes are there.

I remind you that initially "Vampirchik" was created to work with solar batteries, which are also produced in the "BC".

We turn to the sun ...?

More in the modern market of autonomous decent chargers I have not found. Maybe they are, but not at all on the ear, or for our purposes, marchers are not particularly suitable (as they are fed from the "board"). Like, for example, the clever Vegavolt, http://www.vegavolt.ru/product/, which promises to determine for itself how much current and voltage your device eats, and give it the desired portion. But I traditionally fear too smart devices ... J There are a number of onboard adapters, but they do not suit us either.

So what else is left for us? Let's try the sun ...?

... To the credit of Nikolai, this is a fairly complete overview of solar cells on the market (although without Q-Mac, but in vain ..), and I advise you to read it, but the conclusions for each battery cannot be objective for the simple reason that the manufacturer " the vampire "makes them himself. Therefore, almost all the batteries in the review are teeming with flaws, and quite worthy competitors are described sparingly, and the first conclusion that an inexperienced reader makes is that the VC batteries are beyond competition.

After reading a solid list, I singled out among them devices less than a kilo in weight and having at least 4 watts of output power and 4.5 volts of voltage, because other options are not suitable for our business.

In the end, they seemed cute:

1. BruntonSolarpoint 4.4.  The main characteristics are described in the article. I can only add that at 7 V it gives about 550 mA. That's not bad. Everything in it is cool, but you will buy a hell. Rare bird by request from abroad.
2. Sun Carcher Sport.The same - problems with delivery and not sickly, frankly. price in the absence of detailed technical data on Russian sites. Dear and budding cat in the bag.
3. iSunSport.  Directly drooling flowed - such, you know, a travel agent - everywhere painted in news items, but not sold anywhere. Eh ...
4. Coleman Exponent Flex 5.See point 3. Alas, ah ... The site, mentioned in the article, which sells this miracle, has long been absent on the Internet.
5. SolarNote.  Price biting ... Unconventional for the Russian producer (150 ye). It is not surprising that "В-С" in the description of Solara set the competitor only the output volt (14) and the price J
6. SCD -3.  Frankly speaking, I liked this model the most. I began to look for a place for its sale and came across a curious text of testing this device on the campaign. Even on a bright sunny day, more than 200 mA at 6 volts, this figurine does not give out, apparently. Even for “charging” AA fingers it is weak. And as for the radio, you can immediately forget.
7. Solar panels from "BC"  - 10 watts. They are quite affordable and work with the Vampirchik voltage converter purchased separately. I also put an eye on the 10 watt device, despite the fact that such a battery costs only 87 ye.

So, I decided to get a solar battery. But obviously not overseas by request. Because if she does not answer my requirements in real life - in the trash or on the wall as a surah J

The next step threw into thought: what is better - to buy the most powerful battery for charging laptops, such as Solar Note, and lower its voltage for my stuff with the help of a smart converter, which is still only in plans from BC or a universal adapter type Vanson CA -800A   http: // www. sbat ru / opisanie. php? cd = 2955 It is sharpened by an auto-cigarette lighter, but with hands, you can try to stick it to a 12-volt battery. Then, at the output, we will have a standard “markup” - stabilized 1.5 / 3 / 4.5 / 6 / 7.5 / 9/12 volts, and a good 800 mA. True, it is not clear how to get 5 volts for a PDA. And I'm not sure that there will be as much current as indicated. All these devices need to be checked in practice, and tsifirki on paper - only the bold assumptions of the developers ...

... Or is it easier to purchase a weak solar battery, producing no more than 4.5-5 volts, and using the vampire converter to get the required 7, 9, 12 v, etc.?

True, the laws of physics teach that from ... you can not get a candy .... J is either possible, but with monstrous loss of energy. How to proceed?...

... Short, but fruitful correspondence with different manufacturers, as well as a more careful acquaintance with the devices on the Internet pushed my decision closer to the Solar Note battery from DCA. It seemed that it would be wiser to immediately buy a ready-made solution "10 watt battery-voltage converter" ($ 87 + $ 22) from "BC" for ~ 109 ye, but I did not like a number of parameters of the solar battery of this company. First, the manufacturer honestly indicates that the plates are fragile and afraid of water: “Dampness for the device is extremely undesirable ... in the rain, remove it somewhere under a canopy ...”, “protect it from frost from shocks and mechanical overloads” “Keep the SB from shocks ...”

In addition, the lower temperature limit for "BC" is indicated as -10, and for "DCA" as - 40. The battery "BC", of course, has a high current = 2.5 A, and the new voltage under load is only 4 volts. And where is it with such tension? It turns out that without a “vampire” that changes the parameters, the Security Council itself has no value. And if something happens to the converter during a hike - money for the Security Council is thrown to the wind ...?

In short, putting it in the minds of competitors, I wrote off with the manufacturer Solar Note. Despite the rather big price of the device, I consider it a plus that the battery is Russian - you can always quickly replace the marriage, advise an idea or order the desired option.

The joints of the Solar Note plates are filled with thick polymer, therefore they are resistant to physical stress. Not a bad extreme, given that “... we use impact-resistant plastic, and our batteries can be thrown on stones and kept in water. Tests carried out ... in Peru ... showed suitability for field use, including ... for military purposes. "" ... one of the versions is currently undergoing testing for a sea float in the Far East ... "

Well, why not a vodnik battery! ... J Now it is clear that the main ambush, which frightens the tourist - the fragility of solar panels - has been overcome. In general, the DCA company, in my inexperienced look, approached the matter at a more professional level.

Mechanical strength and water resistance - this is what the doctor ordered. However, again the question loomed - it turns out, you still have to look for a converter with a decrease? ... Where am I putting these 12 volts? .... And the "vampires", and Starostin's device - they are in fact no longer suitable, because they can only boost from small.

... Tormented by thoughts of current impermanence, and life in general, I became sad, but not for long.

I was offered an interesting solution to the problem - a battery-designer without electronic conversion devices, which, depending on the junction of the plates, gives out different groups of currents and voltages. In this case, we will focus on six plates, each 13.5 x 14.5 cm in size, 5 mm thick (thick plastic). Of course, not for all occasions, but there are quite interesting combinations. In addition, the plates can implant Zener diodes - such tiny things that stabilize the output current.

I tried to reduce all possible combinations to a theoretical table (the values ​​in the cells are the number of plates needed; there can be any number, depending on the tasks and money of the client):

Output currents		10 v	15 v	20 v	25 v	30 v
350-400 mA	1	2	3	4	5	6
700-800 mA	2	4	6	8
1050-1200 mA	3	6	9
1400-1600 mA	4	8
1750-2000 mA	5
2100-2400 mA	6

In real life, of course, the indicators may be less (depending on the sun). The “crossings” that interest me, which I would use for my needs, are highlighted in red ... The lowest red “number” - consecutively connected 6 plates - is in fact an analogue of the “BC” battery (that is, the X-treme battery includes “В -C "as part)

In general, the claimed characteristics of the Solar Notes plates made me take a chance, and I ordered a prototype, calling it "Solar Note Extreme" (hereafter X-stream).

As you can see, the lack of sensible information in the article worked the other way around - it was the minimum of information that made me dig up more, and I was satisfied with the “opponent” more, at least theoretically. The manufacturer offered me to check the impact resistance of X-stream itself, however, you can pound the panel with a hammer and throw a pity out of the window, but you can easily lower the battery into a basin of water, considering that 5 cm of water will absorb 15-20% of the sun light ... j

BatterySolarNoteX -treme (prototype for tourists)

"Designer" in expanded and folded form

So, I am holding six plates.

Max. no-load voltage - 5.8 v

Short circuit current - 0,35-0,42 A

Voltage maximum current - 4.8-5 in

Maximum power current - 0.32–0.4 A

Minuses:

1. Automotive connectors "mom-dad." Dismembering with difficulty, under the threat of failure of the soldering. For the future, I would like more imputed connectors - “tulips” or small “crocodiles”.
2. Completely bare wires from the plates are not pleased. According to him, in fact, there is a current. A lot of wires, and they are confused with each other. I remembered my mother more than once, manually isolating 12 wires. It would be nice to wear a cambric.
3. Need to tweak connectors for each task
4. I want a substrate for the plates, so that all of them are in the same plane. And remove the wires for the substrate

According funk. the manufacturer promised to work for the deficiencies, so we will assume that there will be no more of them in the next instance,

Pros:

1. The ability to fully configure the current and voltage. Just a holiday! This designer.

2. The ability to take a hike just the right number of plates, and not to drag the entire designer, which weighs ~ 800 grams (6 plates).

3. Compactness of the designer - all battery gathers in the area, equal to the area of ​​one plate. Sat does not wring in her backpack, herme.

4. lack of add. electronics (in the form of a voltage converter) - there is nothing to freeze, get wet, clog up and break, which is important in extreme conditions

5. the absence of possible interference to the radio from converters

6. To the battery, if necessary (all the same!), You can connect a backup battery, as well as converters that work both at lower volts and higher. As a result, we get a truly universal solution.

7. The constructor can be sold "on-plate". So all the plates are the same, the client simply buys the right amount of them, and if necessary, can buy more. For example, if I want to only recharge my PDA, I need only 1 or 2 plates, and not 6. The price and volume decrease, respectively.

Plate Connection Examples X -treme

Each plate has “+” and “-” with certain terminals on the wires that cannot be confused. In addition, the constructor has special adapters for group parallel connection. With a serial connection, we get an increase in voltage, with a parallel - current:

Fig. 1 Three elements are connected in series (plus one with the minus of the other, etc.) at the extreme terminals, we get 15 V, current 0.35 A.

Fig. 2 Two elements are connected in parallel (plus one with the plus of the other, minus the first with the minus of the second) at the terminals we get 5 V, current 0.7 A.

Fig. 3 Two elements are connected in series (plus the first with a minus of the second) at the extreme ends we get 10 V, current 0.35 A

Fig. 4 Three elements are connected in parallel (all pluses together, all minuses together) we get 5 V, current 1.05 A

The output current of the battery is limited by the photocell with minimal illumination, so all of them should be located in one plane relative to the sun. In the absence of fixation, it is difficult to put all the elements of the constructor in the same position ... Therefore, they should all be fixed - I used the old folder, where I put the plates at the corners. Of course, the fixation of the plates would have already been provided by the manufacturer. It is more convenient to pull the plates in a row on the substrate from Cordura, to which they can be glued, and to remove the wires flush so as not to interfere. But for the test came down and the "rough" version in a hurry:

And I would like something like this, just more compact, and without a hard case:

In general, the battery is promising, it remains to wait for the sun. I'm looking forward to! Although the poor ideology of the charger with the Security Council, as a sentence, has already been formulated by the manufacturer of “Vampirchik”: « Usually, only AA batteries are charged from the sun, and then, at a convenient time, with the help of Vampirchik, charge is transferred to PDAs, telephones, etc.»

It's true. However, really solar batteries are suitable only for charging trifles?! ... It’s easier to take spare batteries and a “vampire”. Then why Sat? I would like to work directly with her! ...

Work with the radio

March. Test 1. The sun is 40 degrees above the horizon. I grieve: during the long-distance test of the STERH antenna, the radio that was taken to work with the sun gave oak from numerous experiments ** at the right time, and the current before the communication session under load was excellent - up to 1100 mA! Battery moget! But alas ... However, it was necessary to check the principle work of the radio station from the sun before publishing the article. So we had to wait for the next sun and run a kilometer from the house with B601m2T and SAT. The correspondent stood with the B803A in the building by the window.

When perpendicular to the sun (I just hung a folder with plates on my shoulder), the correspondent heard me very well - the signal is sure, strong. I well heard the correspondent in almost any position of the plates - even lying on the snow. This is because when receiving B601m2T consumes a meager amount of current.

During the conversation, there were noises in the form of cod. Three probable causes: lack of light, local interference, interference with a correspondent standing in the kitchen where the appliance worked (refrigerator).

However, the fundamental question is: is it possible to talk on the radio from the Security Council directly, without buffer batteries? - made up my mind. This is the hardest test for SAT, whatever you say. If she was able to master it, then the rest is garbage ... J

I didn’t have a tester with me, but, apparently, the current was no less than 500-550 mA, and the voltage was 11 with a tail (under load it sinks to 9.6 volts, which is quite enough for a B601 radio, and maybe even B803 ...)

The scheme by which the plates were connected:

This circuit is designed for 10 volts and 1 amp. In real life, on tests, the circuit gives a voltage of more than 11 volts and about 1000 mA with the sun 40 degrees above the horizon. Given that the sun is quite low and spring, but everything turned out - the scheme is correct.

I will carry out more detailed tests (for distance, power of the connected antenna, etc.) later.

It remains to add that the test was carried out with plates affected by “corrosion” (see below). And yet, it did not really affect the result.

“Walkie-talkie - solar” on a bad day.
Participated "Berkut" 601m2T without batteries and a prototype x-treme for my part, and the B803A with batteries from the correspondent.

In the test participated the permanent "Truth" and me. Both antennas are STERKH (in fact, the work with the base antenna from the sun has been verified over a long distance, 20 km). The strongest wind - my antenna was bent in an arc, the clouds rushing tight. The sun flashed just 3 times for 5 seconds (!!!) Counterweights stuck in half-meter-long snow, in the crust, I didn’t even begin to groove. The battery was spinning between the legs constantly on a rope, in an uncomfortable position, and I did not expect miracles from it. However, all three times, when the sun appeared, the guys heard me at 4.4 on average. It is not God knows what, but solely because of the strong local interference. In addition, the sun was showing and hiding its face so quickly that it was generally surprising how they had time to hear me.
I always heard the guys, even without the sun, the battery was turned face to face with it. The final test of the walkie talkie –SAT will be carried out at an absolutely sunny day, with a tester, but it is already clear that the chip works.

Recharging the PDA from two plates, with the connection "Vampirchik"

Winter. 40 degrees above the horizon, dim sun. Time 13.30.

Separately, the voltage of each plate lying horizontally = 4.95-5 volts.

Current in horizontal position from one plate - 0.01-0.03 A

Current perpendicular to the sun from a single plate - 0.21

I connected both plates in parallel to the PDA. The voltage turned out 4.65 total (with a load!) Current - 0.03 A in a horizontal position, and 0.30-0.31 A towards the sun (10 times more !!!)

Charging goes, cool. With an increase in power (completely perpendicular), the PDA begins to click angrily - he apparently does not like something. And what he does not dispense currents himself? Maybe not. Or the voltage is more than necessary. So you need to be careful not to burn the battery! In general, it is a pity that this SB does not have a zener diode, okay ...

But it became quite clear - the plates should be facing the sun. It only seems that they are lit while lying horizontally. By reducing the angle of the plane of the plates relative to the sun, their power sharply decreases. Until you try and measure yourself, you will not believe! :)

When connected to the “Vampirchik” chain, charging, of course, stops immediately - the new device does not have enough current even to “feed” itself, and not the handheld.

Thoughts: having an X -Treme type solar battery, there is no need for a voltage converter to work with SAT. If there is a sun, everything can work directly from the battery. There is no sun - and the "vampir" also "dies" ... Although his role as a stabilizer is important. But he wants too much current at the input, and this current is not spent on business, even if a voltage boost is not required! (5 volts - at least at the output of this device, and 5 volts is required by my “Sony”).

The same with the walkie-talkie: it can work directly from the sun, and when you connect the "Vampir", we lose all the current! Of course, it is possible to charge the batteries all day using the converter, and use them in the evening.

And if I need to urgently talk, for example, or decide? ...

Throwing and selection

If the protective plastic is improperly polymerized, the plates can become covered with a network of cracks, bubbles and even “mold” from the inside. When buying plates, you should always ask where and how they were made. "Corrosion" will manifest in the first couple of months. It happened to me with a test sample - it turns out, instead of 40 minutes, a new plastic was polymerized 20, and here you are! ... J

I almost collapsed, seeing one day the result of the "underground" process. Although this has hardly affected the indicators, the view ... besides, the network of cracks can cast shadows on the photocells, and this can reduce the current. Yes, and plastic, struck from the inside, is not so durable.

Reason to think ... I was upset and decided to look for something else.

And it did not take long to search! Very quickly another interesting family of SBs was discovered. it flexiblesUN -CHARGER batteries http://www.sun-charge.com/

On the page - a large range of batteries, from 4.5 to 16 volts (0.32 - 2 amps), but the prices, of course, hellish. Specifically, I was interested in the model SCN -9/9 http://www.sun-charge.com/indexmodels.html?model=49&mid=2 - with the most optimal voltage-current ratio: 9 volts, 0.96 amperes, 600 grams, weight, with flexible and mechanically strong structure. Voltage is not enough! But if you believe the songs from the site, “These devices are completely uncapulous of the conditions of humidity and ambient temperature. Thus, these devices are ideal for tourists, geologists, polar explorers, etc. ... "

About polar explorers, I think the guys turned up: a low-hanging sun will give too little current for any task. But, it turns out, is this another extreme model? Hoo th! ...

We read further: “SUN-CHARGER battery chargers are made from solar modules manufactured using the latest technology based on amorphous silicon. Production of photovoltaic cells based on amorphous silicon is carried out in the United States. Solar modules are covered with special polymer materials (technical solution of Russia), do not contain fragile components (glass and crystalline silicon), which allows them to withstand considerable mechanical loads in comparison with solar cells manufactured according to traditional technologies. "

Guards next "Russian polymer". Will he give me oak like the previous one? I hope no. But the main ambush of flexible batteries is very low efficiency.

With all the “tour-attractiveness” of the device (I almost bought one of them !!!), here’s a little help from a solbat specialist:

«… amorphous silicon, service life 10 years, efficiency 8%, weight is much lighter, our company produces NPO Kvant, Zelenograd. The price is high, 2-3 times more expensive than a single crystal. Amorphous silicon is used in watches, calculators, etc., where very small currents are needed and there is no strong solar radiation, since the thickness of the sprayed layer is very small, there is a probability of burning out in the bright sun, in the south or in the mountains.…»

So, I have determined 3 conditional applicants for the purchase:

1. 150 ye. Battery Designer from "DCA" X-treme. Properly polymerized, it has many advantages and is powerful enough, even for 6 plates. If I buy a revamped version, then I’ll have a lot of current-voltage options that my competitors haven’t dreamed of.
2. 109 ye. 10-watt from "BC". This option, 4 v - 2.5 A, is suitable only with the use of "Vampir", or only for charging the "fingers" of AA. But it gives a lot of current, allowing charging to do at least twice as fast as the others. Two pieces (+87 ye) will give 8 v. 8 I have neither here nor here, and the weight ... But a mighty current! ...
3. 184 ye. Battery 9/9 from "SCN". The lightest, most compact and extreme variant, but gives 9 v - 0.9 A, and then, I think, only on paper.

Rummaging between the stacks, again mentally clarifying what to mewould need a sat? ...

Charging AA batteries in the Berkut radio. It is in the radios, because it is meaningless to charge them two by one, their minimum is 5. To charge the entire set in the radio, you need min. (12 v - 0.2-0.9 A) *

Maybe "BC" through "vampir", maybe X-treme directly

- Charging a PDA or GPS directly (5 v - 0.2 A)

Maybe "BC", X-treme

- Charging a PDA or GPS with a lithium battery through a Vampirchik converter (5 v - 0.2-0.3 A)

Can “BC” andX -treme, but most likely with problems (due to "Vampir")

Charging 2 AA batteries (4.5-5 v - 0.4-2.4 A)

Everyone can, "SCN  slowest

Work from the solar battery directly radios type "Berkut" (11 v - 0.55-1 A)

Maybe X-treme and probably "SCN

... I thought, I thought ... and in the end I finally chose the battery from the DCA: despite the incident with "corrosion", I officially ordered a new battery (taking into account the flaws of the first version) - the "multi-plate" idea is really attractive, and characteristics.

What is left to add? Three, in my opinion, important things that should not be forgotten:

First of all, if you take a hike on the SB, you must buy a small multimeter (such “kids” are not expensively sold from “BC”, see the website). Even as a trained eye guru, you will never know exactly how much current your battery is currently giving. This is important if you are using complex devices, and not just charging the primitive "AA".

Secondly, do not try to get a good current on a cloudy day. Even if it seems to you that there is enough light, don’t believe your eyes, such small SATs really only work with the sun!

And, thirdly, even with the sun spreading the Sat horizontally (on the grass) or at different angles (on the deck of Taimen, for example), do not flatter yourself. Photocells must be all equally turned and perpendicular to the sun. The current from the SAT is equal to the smallest of the plates - therefore, if one is dirty, incorrectly deployed or shielded by something, you will get a fig from the whole battery.

Good luck with your solbat!….

Alternative Chargers

Hand drive for the strongest ...J

I did not feel these devices. But for the completeness of the picture to designate the topic.

We all know that you can mechanically charge our gadgets. For example, I have a Chinese “hummer” flashlight - guano, of course, but with a practical thought that compatriots did not reach with the mind: by bumping a little, you can rest your hand, because energy is stored in the buffer battery, and the diodes shine pretty well from this thing.

In the same vein, in a fragile version (and from the same city ...., I even learned the wheels, and with the same drive J) the simplest “dynamo” was made to charge the mobile and (possibly) similar devices Emergency: http: / /www.obzori.ru/mobile_devices/analytics/mobile_charger_for_cell_phone.html

Plus: lightness, compactness, cheapness, many attachments; but, apparently, will not live long.

Q-Mac QM8035 (QM8028) “dynamos” of the same family belong to the same family: http://www.atlink.ru/www/kv/ups/mb.html These are reliable devices, originally intended for the military, but it’s about their order and price may be a problem. In addition, the weight (3.5 kg) is clearly not for our modest goals ... J

From the fire

... There is such an interesting thing - getting electricity from heat. Scientifically - thermal current generator. You heat a kettle with water on the fire, and at this time the mobile phone is charging, or something else ... And from a liter of water you can get up to 12 volts and a decent amount of amps! It would be interesting to try ...

Alas, this part of the ballet remained unreached - for the simple reason that the device I wanted to purchase is no longer available, and the manufacturer’s immediate plans have been removed from the agenda ... Therefore, a very interesting approach to getting energy from the fire was covered with a copper basin ... or rather, an aluminum pot ... j

Domestic thermal converters, unfortunately, are unprofitable, because the tourist niche is small, and not every tourist will buy ...

* For reference: to charge batteries inside the Berkut radio stations, an unstabilized 12V adapter is needed (the current is about 200mA optimal, but the charge will go at 12VX100mA and 12Vx500mA. If the adapter is too powerful, for example, unstabilized 12Vx1000mA, the radio can only be charged off).

If the power supply is stabilized, then to charge the battery. inside B601m2t, you need a voltage of 12V, inside B803 - 15 V.

** I drew the attention of KB "Berkut" - this is the second case of separation of the vein, connecting the board and the connectorBnc . With any, very slight rotation of the connector (and it is not screwed tightly, and subject to vibrations or torsions when working with non-standard antennas), the hard-soldered wire will always come off! The connection of the central core of the connector and the board must be flexible. Sergey Slinkin assured me that from this year all connections are only flexible.

ISTOK JSC has been working in the market for creating current production facilities since 1959, the potential accumulated over the years allows us to offer our customers a wide range of facilities for providing autonomous or backup power to facilities. There are no standard solutions that would suit everyone, and our specialists will make a project just for your object, saving your money.

We are interested in long-term, productive and fruitful cooperation. Contact our company. We are always ready for mutually beneficial work!

Autonomous and backup power

The fact of the alarming state of affairs in the Russian energy sector is recognized at the highest level. Frequent accidents on power lines, chronic power shortages, outdated equipment that is morally and physically constantly remind of themselves with unplanned outages.

As electrical appliances and machines spread, it becomes increasingly urgent to use backup power sources. Climate change leads to more frequent natural disasters, which in turn cause interruptions in power supply. Disruption of power supply can lead to economic and industrial damage, as well as create a risk to the life and health of citizens. To prevent or minimize damage of this nature use backup power sources.

Existing problems in the energy industry highlight the installation of independent power supplies. An autonomous power plant plays the role of a reserve source of electricity, providing the opportunity to maximize protect consumers from emergency power outages.
  In a country house there are often power outages: who among us did not pass the evening with a candle, in an unusual silence without a TV? How to solve this problem? Many zealous owners of country houses and country houses acquire various generators for autonomous power, usually diesel or gasoline mini-power stations.

However, what is clear to private owners is not always clear to those who have been appointed as the owner by order from above, that is, to managers of objects of increased importance. It is noteworthy that, according to the results of the inspection of Rostekhnadzor, in almost all areas of the center of Russia, more than 50% of socially significant objects do not have emergency power. For example, in the Moscow region only 60 of the 148 objects have their own micro-turbines or other sources of autonomous power.
  The statistics are sad and require decisive action. There is a corresponding decree according to which all objects of heightened importance must have autonomous sources of electricity.

Let's consider what requirements are attached to the autonomous power supply sources for objects of higher importance.
  Since an autonomous power plant comes into action when the current supply is stopped from the main source, automation plays a significant role. This is the ability of the backup generator to automatically start and stop when the power is turned off or resumed, as well as when certain parameters fall. In addition, an autonomous power source should automatically replenish stocks of fuel and lubricants and have a host of other useful functions.

This reasonable requirement is often ignored when installing mini-power plants in facilities of high importance. In many cases, they are triggered after the start button is pressed. It is hard to imagine the consequences of a ten-minute interruption in the supply of electricity in the life support systems of a hospital or an operating room equipment.

The required power of the backup power source must be determined at the design and construction stage, and then electrical wiring is performed. It all depends on what electrical devices you want to connect to a backup power source.

Equally important requirements are the reliability and efficiency of an autonomous source. And the most important is the reliable operation of an autonomous power plant. That is what should be in the forefront in the process of her choice.

Accumulative uninterruptible power supply high capacity

Uninterruptible power systems (UPS Systems) today are very popular in Russia. If long-term power outages are most often used autonomous power plants, the uninterruptible power supply (UPS) is the most efficient and, importantly, cost-effective way to provide a country house with electricity in the short-term, but frequent disruptions in the mains. It is this circumstance that makes them an indispensable attribute of modern suburban housing.

Uninterruptible power supplies use battery power to maintain the mains voltage. In the presence of a UPS, electrical appliances that are in the house at the time of a power outage switch to the consumption of electricity accumulated by the batteries.

Such a system is indispensable for a computer, because an unexpected power outage can lead to the loss of important documents, or, say, a refrigerator, if unexpected surprises occur on hot days. In addition, many country houses are equipped with autonomous heating systems, as well as water supply, which work only with the presence of electricity.

Compared with stand-alone power plants, uninterruptible power systems have many advantages. First of all, they are considered to be much more reliable (their service life exceeds 10–20 years) and do not require operating costs, unlike, say, diesel, gasoline or gas generators. In addition, the uninterruptible power supply does not burden its owner with the need for periodic maintenance, with the exception of replacing batteries whose service life is 3–10 years, depending on the type of battery and mode of operation.

Lack of uninterruptible power supply systems can be called limited resources. In other words, if the voltage in the electrical network often disappears for more than a few hours, then it is best to think about purchasing an autonomous power station.

The prospect of protecting yourself from power outages by buying an uninterruptible power supply can be easily illustrated with figures. So, in only 5 years of operation, the UPS can save up to 6 times in comparison with a gas generator with automatic start-up. For the purity of calculations, we assume that the voltage disappears once a week for 10 hours. As a result, the use of uninterruptible power supply systems is not only cheaper, but also involves less hassle.

Power supply comparison:

UPS		Petrol generator
Item of expenditure	Costs, rub.	Item of expenditure	Costs, rub.
DPK-1 / 1-1-220M	13 000	Petrol with ABP GESAN G5000H	55 000
Battery (12 V, 100 Ah) - 3 pcs.	21 000	Fuel	93 600
		Motor oil	3 150
		Filter replacement	7 700
		Spark Plug Replacement	500
		Engine overhaul	20 400
Total:	34 000	Total:	180 350

Our specialists carry out the installation of equipment, before we carry out the work, we carry out the design of an uninterruptible power system, during which we try to take into account all the wishes of customers.

Despite the limited resources, an uninterruptible power supply can freely provide electricity to a large cottage. Moreover, as a result of his work, the sudden disappearance of the voltage in the network does not affect the operation of the autonomous heating system (gas boiler), water supply, refrigerator, fire safety and security systems, as well as all lamps and appliances connected to the power grid.

In this case, however, in the event of a failure in the supply of electricity it is better to refrain from using powerful electrical equipment. So, you can move the laundry the next day, as well as temporarily stop using the dishwasher, as well as the iron. However, it is best to buy an uninterruptible power supply, clearly calculate the maximum load, and, consequently, the need for electricity.

In addition, it is possible to design a home power supply system in such a way that the power supply to powerful consumers is by-passing the UPS, for example, directly to the power supply network or through a gas generator with an automatic start system. Thus, consumers sensitive even to short-term outages (computers, home electronics, lighting, gas or diesel boiler, refrigerator) will be reliably protected. And consumers who allow power outages will be powered in a few seconds using an autonomous power station with an automatic start system.

The time during which the UPS can supply the house with electricity will depend on the power of the load and the capacity of the batteries. What is interesting, although the factors are closely related, there is no linear relationship between them. In other words, if the load unexpectedly increases by 2 times, this does not mean that the uninterruptible power supply will stretch half as much.

To calculate the backup time, you need to take into account many parameters, in particular, the efficiency of a particular UPS, the ambient temperature, the condition of the batteries and the degree of wear of the batteries. You can calculate the approximate time in the case of the use of batteries of a particular capacity.

So, at a voltage of 36 V in the DC circuit, the UPS is usually installed 3 batteries with a voltage of 12 V each. In this case, if, for example, the battery capacity reaches 100 Ah, and the load power is 100 W, then the system will work for 29 hours.

Load power, W	100	200	300	400	500	600	700
Battery Capacity, Ah
18	4,6	1,9	1,2	0,8	0,6	0,4	0,3
27	7,8	3,2	1,9	1,4	1,1	0,8	0,6
42	12	5,8	3,4	2,4	1,8	1,4	1,2
70	20	10	6,7	4,5	3,4	2,7	2,3
100	29	15	10	7,3	5,4	4,1	3,5

At a voltage of 96 V in the DC circuit, the UPS will need to install 8 batteries of 12 V each. However, the reserve time in this case is significantly increased.

Load power, W	200	300	400	500	600	700	800	900	1000	1100	1200	1300	1400
Battery Capacity, Ah
18	7,4	4,3	3	2,3	1,8	1,5	1,3	1,2	0,9	0,8	0,7	0,6	0,5
27	11	7,4	5	3,8	3	2,5	2,1	1,8	1,5	1,4	1,3	1,2	1,1
42	16,5	11	8,7	6,9	5,3	4,3	3,6	3,1	2,8	2,5	2,2	2	1,8
70	27	18	14	11	9,7	8,3	7,2	6,3	5,3	4,6	4,1	3,8	3,5
100	39	26	19,2	15,4	13,5	12	11	9,3	8,3	7,5	6,8	6,1	5,5

If the absence of electricity is caused by a periodic voltage deviation, then you can use a stabilizer. These devices convert electrical energy with large voltage fluctuations.

In the case of a complete failure in the supply of electricity, voltage regulators are useless. On the other hand, their use as part of an uninterruptible power system reduces the load on the UPS, that is, to use it only when the power supply in the network has completely disappeared.

However, when choosing a battery capacity, you should not forget that the pursuit of maximum values ​​may be useless, since the capabilities of the uninterruptible power supply are limited by the current limit of the charger. It, however, can be increased if you install additional charging cards.

In any case, in order to buy a UPS that would most closely meet current needs, it is preferable to seek help from specialists. Installing the system yourself is quite risky, since the slightest mistake can lead to undesirable consequences and costly equipment repairs.