This kind of cabbage came to us from Sicily. Enjoys great popularity in Western Europe and Turkey. Local gardeners know how to grow kohlrabi cabbage, after all, it is considered to be a vitamin bomb and surpasses its other relatives in taste.
Little about kohlrabi
Kohlrabi – this is an early cabbage, high-yielding. The first crop with proper care can be removed after 2.5 months after planting. Shows high resistance to diseases and pests. Possesses the mass of useful properties, it is a valuable dietary product. Perfectly gets on alongside other garden crops. Unfortunately, in our region it is not sufficiently estimated by gardeners, therefore, it does not have high popularity as a vegetable crop.
Proper fit of kohlrabi cabbage
With the right agrotechnical approaches, you can get two crops of cabbage. It is important to meet deadlines when exactly plant kohlrabi, to provide for her the appropriate conditions of planting and care. Taking into account all aspects that affect the growing season and ripening of kohlrabi cabbage, you will easily enjoy this vegetable.
Soil requirements
Light is important for kohlrabi, therefore, the lighted areas are selected for planting and are specially prepared soil for cabbage seedlings. Prepare for planting and kohlrabi seeds. Shoots cabbage not demanding to soil, kohlrabi can grow on any soil.
But in order to get a big harvest and more juicy fruits, the ground should be well drained and have neutral acidity or be slightly acidic. The fertile and prepared soil will abundant foliage on the vegetable, and the fruit itself will become larger. In the soil should be enough nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and it should not be acidic.
In the absence of these conditions, the foliage will be bad, and the fruit will not grow juicy and, accordingly, not tasty. Kohlrabi will grow well in areas where legumes, onions, carrots, potatoes, cucumbers and beets were grown before it. After collecting these predecessors, you can begin to prepare the soil for planting seedlings of kohlrabi cabbage for the next year.
Optimum landing times
Doing the first planting cabbage seedlings in open ground, focus on the May holidays, so you definitely will not lose when it is necessary to plant kohlrabi. Kohlrabi seedlings can be planted in several visits starting from May, then in June and in July.
By the first planting of kohlrabi its seedlings have two pairs of leaves, and its “age” is 40-45 days.
After disembarking in early May, you will be able to harvest in early June. In May, sow the seeds for the second planting of seedlings. And the seeds sown at the end of June will be seedlings, which you can harvest in October.
Growing kohlrabi seedling method and sowing seeds in the ground
This view to apostas allows not only seedlings, but even seeds produce landing in open ground.
In order to grow at home suitable for planting Kohlrabi seedlings, it is necessary to perform a number of tasks:
- prepare the ground;
- process the seeds and harden them;
- ensure optimum temperature;
- time to dive seedlings;
- harden the seedlings before planting in open ground.
Seeds should be sown in the grooves, the distance between which is 3 cm, and between the seeds - not less than 1 cm, we deepen into the soil by 1 cm.
Next, we cover the trays or boxes with seeded seeds, creating a greenhouse effect. The temperature inside should be up to +20 ° С. After the first shoots appear, reduce the temperature to +9 ° С for a week. Then we maintain the temperature at + 15 ... + 18 ° С.
Cabbage kohlrabi does not require much effort in growing, but when her plant on seedlingsdepends on the timing of the planned planting of the plant in the ground. When our shoots will be the first sheet, you can dive seedlings.
Important! After the dive, we raise the temperature to +20 ° C and maintain it until the seedlings take root.
After that, follow the street temperature. It is equally important to harden the seedlings before planting in open ground. Before planting, but no less than 2 hours, the seedlings must be watered well.
Before sowing kohlrabi seeds into the ground, they must be prepared. We make contrasting seed baths: first we place them in water at 50 ° С for 15 minutes. Then in cold water for 1 minute. After such a procedure, we soak the seeds for 12 hours in water, where previously useful trace elements have been dissolved. After soaking the seeds, rinse and leave for a day in the refrigerator.
We dry the seeds before planting. Now you can sow them. This is best done in late April - early May.
Deepen the seeds by 1.5-2 cm. The distance between the rows should be 50 cm, and between the seeds - 3-4 cm. As soon as the leaves appear on the plants, thin out and leave the seedlings every 7-8 cm. Thin it out a second time. when the leaves of the plants close together, the distance between the seedlings should be about 20 cm.
Did you know? 7 days before planting kohlrabi in open ground, its seedlings are no longer watered.
Scheme and depth of landing
When planting seedlings need to be planted to a depth before the beginning of the growth of the first leaves. Determine the readiness of seedlings for planting can be by the number of leaves on the plant - there should be 5-6. It is better to plant seedlings on a cloudy day or in the evening. Also, it will not be superfluous to shade it for a couple of days after disembarkation.
For early varieties of kohlrabi, a landing scheme of 60 x 20/70 x 30 cm is suitable, for late varieties - 60 x 40/70 x 45 cm. Kohlrabi varieties with fewer leaves can be planted and thicker.
Did you know? In order to speed up the process of kohlrabi ripening, try to seedlings after planting, cover with foil or agrofibre. In this case, the seedlings should not be deepened very much.
If you decide to sow the seeds immediately into the ground, then this is done in the grooves, closing 2-2.5 cm deep. Further we carry out thinning of shoots, leaving the strongest.
The subtleties of growing and care for kohlrabi cabbage
Cabbage kohlrabialthough unpretentious, but still needs the right landing and care.
Remember that Kohlrabi loves light, so put it on the south or southeast side of the plot.
Important! In dry weather, kohlrabi are watered with warm water, and the soil is loosened and the watering itself is produced in the evening.
Sow seedlings on seedlings to ensure that Kohlrabi is present on the table as long as possible.
When growing kohlrabi, it is important to comply with all agrotechnical requirements, otherwise, the plant may release an arrow, or the seedlings will outgrow and be unsuitable for planting.
After planting the seedlings, the soil should be compacted, the plants should be watered abundantly and covered with earth to reduce the evaporation of moisture. On the garden it is important to carry out thinning, moisten the soil.
Important! In-depth planting of Kohlrabi seedlings harms the formation of the fruit and can provoke the flowering of the plant.
Watering and dressing cabbage
Kohlrabi loves moisture and needs regular watering. After planting cabbage it needs to be watered every 2-3 days. As you grow, you can then water it once a week, but do not over-moisten the soil, because it can provoke a number of diseases.
Kohlrabi cabbage dressing is carried out 3-4 times per season at intervals of 10-12 days. The first dressing is done with chicken manure, the second with rotted manure, and then mineral fertilizers and peat oxide are added.
Important! Kohlrabi cabbage is very necessary watering in June.
Soil loosening
For kohlrabi it is very important that the soil breathes. For this you need on the site where you produced planting cabbage seedlings, regularly loosen the soil. After each watering, it is important to fluff the soil to a depth of 8 cm.
The benefits of loosening are more than obvious:
- makes the soil structural;
- increases its oxygen saturation;
- accelerates the decomposition of organic matter;
- promotes the accumulation of beneficial elements for the plant;
- prevents excessive evaporation of moisture;
- interferes with emergence of weeds since allows to destroy their shoots.
Pest Protection
Cabbage care Kohlrabi is not complicated, it is similar to the one we use for white cabbage, but the pests are the same.
Kohlrabi Diseases:
- blackleg;
- kila;
- mucous bacteriosis;
- downy mildew (peronospora).
- cruciferous flea;
- cabbage fly;
- snails and slugs;
- aphid, cabbage scoop and whitegrass.
Kohlrabi is an unusual vegetable that looks like a radish or turnip, and in taste it resembles a stalk of ordinary cabbage. Only his taste is better, he is more juicy and sweet. Planting kohlrabi in open ground in several stages, the fruit can be eaten at the end of June and collect them until the frost. Late varieties have good keeping quality and are stored until the end of winter. The care is simple and low-cost.
Three stages of cultivation
To get a harvest for a long time, plant cabbage should be in three stages.
- Seeds are sown on seedlings at the end of March, and planted in the ground in mid-May. The fruits are ready for harvest at the end of June. In areas with a warm climate, the time for sowing seeds for seedlings can be postponed two weeks earlier, then the cabbage will ripen in mid-June.
- The cultivation of the second batch of seeds begins in early May, and grown seedlings are planted in the middle of June. Kohlrabi ready for collection in August.
- Planting of the third part of the seeds is carried out in July. You can germinate the seeds in a separate container, and then plant them in the ground, and you can sow them immediately on the bed. In the second case, planting seeds is carried out immediately to a permanent place, without further diving. If summer is hot, then the bed should be covered with agrofibr so that the seeds do not dry out. It is necessary to remove the shelter as soon as the first shoots appear. In this case, Kohlrabi is harvested in late September or early October.
If cabbage cultivation is carried out in stages, then it should be taken into account that in early summer it is better to plant early varieties, and late ones are suitable for autumn harvesting.
Seeds for seedlings sown 5-6 weeks before the date when it is planned to plant cabbage in the ground.
Seedling growing rules
Like all cruciferous, kohlrabi is prone to various diseases. To prevent this, before planting seeds on seedlings, they should be soaked in slightly hot water for 15-20 minutes. Water temperature is not more than 60 ° С. After a hot bath, they are immediately cooled in cold water and then placed in a fridge for a day.
This procedure can be replaced by soaking the cabbage seeds in a pale pink solution of potassium permanganate for 1.5-2 hours, and then also put it in the refrigerator.
After cooling, the seeds must be wrapped in a damp cotton cloth and kept there until they hatch. Only seed seeds should be planted in the seedling box, because the remaining germination is unlikely. Sowing depth - 1 cm.
Kohlrabi does not tolerate a transplant with a violation of earthen coma, so it is better if the landing will be held in separate cups. When planted in the open ground, the sapling easily adapts to new conditions and will quickly begin to grow stem.
If the seeds are sown in one box, then the pick should be done as soon as the first leaf appears. This will be less painful for seedlings than a later transplant.
Seedlings are grown according to the following scheme.
- Glasses covered with a film, which is removed after germination. The best temperature for germinating seeds is 20 ° C.
- After sprouting, seedlings need a cool place where the temperature is maintained around 10 °. This allows the seedlings not to stretch, and build roots.
- After 15 days, the temperature is again raised to 20 °.
Seedling care and hardening
Care for cabbage seedlings is to maintain the soil in a slightly wet state and a few fertilizers with micronutrient fertilizers. Fertilizer is suitable complex, for seedlings of vegetable crops.
- The first time is fed when the seedlings grow 3-4 leaves.
- The second dressing is foliar. Spraying microfertilizers spend 1-2 weeks before planting in open ground.
10 days before planting the seedlings begin to harden. They are accustomed to sunlight and lowered temperature gradually, starting at 2 o'clock, extending the time by 1.5-2 hours daily.
The place where cabbage is supposed to grow should be sunny and not flooded after the rains. Planting should not be carried out on a plot where cruciferous were previously grown: other types of cabbage or turnip, radishes, mustard.
Growing this vegetable on acidic soil is unacceptable - the fruits will be hard and fibrous, which will make them unsuitable for food.
The bed, which is planned to plant kohlrabi, is prepared in the fall. It is necessary to remove all weeds, dig up the soil and bring in ash, compost or rotted manure.
In the spring make urea and superphosphate. At 1 m 2 is enough for 2 teaspoons of each fertilizer.
If fertilizers are applied immediately before planting, then additional feedings during the whole growing season will not be required.
Planting seedlings
Planting of seedlings is carried out according to the scheme 60x40 cm. For later varieties, this distance should be increased.
The thickening of the beds complicates care, makes it difficult to grow and increases the likelihood of disease and damage by pests.
Each seedling must be transplanted, trying not to destroy the clod of earth around the roots. Deepen the plant just above the cotyledon leaves.
Cultivation of early varieties requires seedlings to be sheltered overnight with agrofibre. Although this vegetable is considered to be a cold-resistant plant, nighttime May frosts can slightly slow down the formation of the stebleplod.
If regular care was carried out behind the seedlings, then the stemblood begins to form when there are 7 leaves on the plant. Its growth and weight gain occurs very quickly.
Care for cabbage beds
Growing cabbage is not burdensome, care - weed control, loosening and watering. These agrotechnical techniques can be minimized if the soil around the plants is mulched.
Watering should be carried out regularly. Planted seedlings watered every 3-4 days. After rooting takes place and new leaves start to grow, water a little less often - when the soil begins to dry out. In hot weather - more often. The lack of moisture makes the stemmers a bitter taste.
Kohlrabi watering is carried out often, but little by little. If there is an excess of water, the fruits will crack because the pulp will grow faster than the skin.
The fruit is ready for use when its volume reaches 7-8 cm. The overripe cabbage heads become hard, fibrous.
Care also includes the constant inspection of plants for the identification of pests or the onset of the disease. The sooner you notice a problem in the garden, the easier it is to fight. In the early stages of the disease or at the first pests, the best means of control are biological products that do not harm the plant, do not accumulate in the fruit, and are harmless to humans.
Harvesting and storage
Early varieties of kohlrabi, planted in May or June, have a more delicate flavor, but they quickly become fibrous, tend to release arrows and are not stored for long. Rip them as they mature or need. The optimal size of the stebleplod is about 7 cm.
It is best to store them in the refrigerator, in the vegetable compartment, packed in a plastic bag. Their quality does not change within two weeks.
Late varieties have good keeping quality. Store them in the basement, where high humidity is maintained.
Cabbage is cut in early October, when the night temperature begins to drop to 0 °. Leaves are removed and the root is left. Before harvesting, the fruits are first dried in a dry place, then cleaned of soil residues on the roots.
It is convenient to store in boxes, sprinkling cabbage with slightly wet sand. It is necessary to leave a space between the fruits, so that in case of damage one will not spoil the other. If the sand dries, it must be sprayed with water. So kohlrabi can be stored until spring.
Conclusion
Growing varieties with different ripening periods will allow harvesting for a long time, starting from the end of June.
Care for kohlrabi is simple:
- fertilization in the soil before planting allows not to conduct additional fertilizing;
- stebleplod forms within 2-3 weeks after transplanting, quickly gaining weight;
- it does not lose freshness in the refrigerator until the crescent, and in the basement late varieties are kept until the end of winter.
An important point in growing is regular watering. Watering is often necessary so that the fruits do not become bitter, but moderately so as not to provoke their cracking.
Look at the photo of kohlrabi - this strange cabbage is very similar to turnips. Kohlrabi is a form of turnip and the traditional taste of cabbage stalk. Cabbage is useful in the diet, contains a high percentage of vitamin C.
Planting kohlrabi - follow the rules of agrotechnology
To get a rich harvest of kohlrabi, it is necessary to prepare the beds in advance - in autumn or early spring. It is useful to dig up the soil, at the same time introducing nutrients and fertilizers. When preparing the ground in autumn, superphosphate is applied at a rate of 2.5 kg per 1 hundred square meters and up to 2 kg of potash fertilizers. When digging in the spring soil garden is useful to add up to 1.5 kg of ammonium nitrate, deeply patching the granules in the soil. Previous crops have a large impact on the yield of kohlrabi. Tomatoes, potatoes, carrots, pumpkins, green herbs - after harvesting these plants, kohlrabi can be planted on the beds without fear.
Tip! Do not grow kohlrabi after all types of cabbage, turnip, radish and other cruciferous plants.
For the successful cultivation of kohlrabi suitable fertile soil with a neutral or slightly acid reaction.
Planted crops seed or seedlings. Planting of seedlings is carried out in the first half of May, necessarily in the evening, preferably in cloudy weather. Seedlings are buried in the soil below the root collar. It is useful to add humus and ash to the wells. Be sure to follow the scheme of planting plants in the beds:
- 60 × 40 cm or 70 × 30 cm - early varieties.
- 55 × 60 cm or 45 × 70 cm - late varieties.
For different varieties of kohlrabi, different planting patterns are used.
When sowing seeds to work begin in late spring or early June. It is more convenient to sow seeds in rows (they leave a distance of up to 35 cm between rows). The depth of seeding is up to 2 cm.
Tip! With a lack of planting area in the garden, kohlrabi can be used in mixed beds as a compaction culture for spicy-flavor greens, onions, carrots or cucumbers.
Care for kohlrabi - follow the rules
For a start it is worth noting that the quality kohlrabi cabbage should not be gigantic in size. Overgrown cabbage becomes coarse, tasteless and loses some of the nutrients. The ideal kohlrabi reaches up to 8 cm in diameter. Compliance with the agrotechnical cultivation will allow you to get tasty and healthy vegetables.
Care for kohlrabi cabbage comes down to frequent loosening of the soil and dosed irrigation. Loosening is carried out carefully, making sure that the point of growth of the cabbage bush is not covered with earth. The lack of water leads to the appearance in the body of cabbage coarse fibers, a bitter taste appears. Excessive watering adversely affects the development of the plant, causing the occurrence of fungal diseases.
Tip! Kohlrabi should be watered with warm water, observing measures to prevent overflow.
Timely feeding - a rich harvest
The yield of kohlrabi cabbage depends on proper fertilization. The first dressings begin to carry out no earlier than 3 weeks after transplanting. Top dressing under young plants bring along with watering. It is useful to alternate between organic and mineral compounds, making the gap between supplements in 2 weeks.
Kohlrabi breeding
Cabbage breeding occurs in the seed way. Seeds are planted on seedlings or directly into the ground.
The agrotechnology of growing kohlrabi seedlings is no different from other types of cabbage. Before sowing in the ground it is necessary to prepare the seed material, it is especially important to check the seeds for germination. For about 5 days, it is necessary to hold the cabbage seeds in a damp cloth, after having first put them in water at a temperature of + 50 ° C for 15 minutes. Such hardening in hot water will prevent the development of infectious diseases in young cabbage bushes.
Most often, kohlrabi are planted as seeds in the ground
After processing in hot water, the seeds are immediately transferred for 1 minute to a bowl of cold water, then placed for 12 hours into a solution of any complex fertilizer, nitrophoska (h.L. per 1 liter of water) is perfect. Seeds stratify one day at t 1-2 degrees, this operation allows you to harden the seed material and increase the stability of future seedlings.
Planting seeds on seedlings is carried out at different times, it depends on the time of ripening of kohlrabi. Kohlrabi cabbage is cold-resistant culture, so from mid-April it is allowed to plant seeds directly into open ground.
Kohlrabi cabbage: diseases and pests
Despite the fact that cabbage is an unpretentious vegetable crops, seedlings and young plants lie in wait for numerous infectious, viral diseases and pest invasions. More details about Kohlrabi diseases and their symptoms:
Black spot - this cabbage fungal disease spreads through seed. Necrotic spots spread throughout the plant. On ring dark spots, fungal spores multiply, which endure cold winters with great endurance and may not lose their vitality even in adverse conditions.
Treatment for diseases and pests is required several times per season.
Affected thickened landing kohlrabi, especially when high humidity. Some measures for preparing seeds before sowing (warming in hot water) help reduce the risk of developing cabbage Alternaria disease.
Belle - this common disease of cabbage is characterized by the appearance of a thick white patina, which resembles spilled oil paint. Gradually, kohlrabi bushes wither, become covered with spores and die. The fight against linen - the use of copper-containing drugs that are sprayed on cabbage seedlings, as well as the observance of crop rotation.
Cabbage mosaic - A disease caused by viruses. Mosaic spots appear first between the veins of young leaves, gradually all the leaves bend, then dry out. The treatment has not been developed, the plants must be removed. Viral mosaic infection is spread by aphids and mites, which suck the juice from infected plants.
In addition to these diseases, kohlrabi cabbage is threatened by planting vascular bacteriosis; cabbage fomoz; ring blotch; kela cabbage; black leg seedlings; fusarium wilt and a number of other infections.
Council The fight against infections should be carried out with the help of special preparations. Also reduces the risk of disease timely removal of plant residues from garden beds.
A very broad list of cabbage pests that threaten to plant no less than infectious and fungal diseases. Cruciferous and black fleas; dark clicker; tobacco thrips; rapeseed predator; Bears; slugs, and many other cruciferous pests infect young seedlings and adult plants. Control measures - drugs from pests in a certain dosage.
Growing kohlrabi cabbage: video
Kohlrabi cabbage: photo
Dates of sowing. If you sow kohlrabi on seedlings in late April, in June you can taste the first juicy, crispy and sweet "stalks". It is better to sow this vegetable in small portions until the middle of July. You will not eat a lot of kohlrabi right away, but constantly during the summer it is very nice to have fresh cabbage at the table!
Soil for seedlings: a mixture of peat, turf land and humus in equal parts.
Seed preparation for sowing. Seeds are soaked in a damp cloth and allowed to slip.
Sowing seeds.
They are sown immediately in separate pots to a depth of 1 cm, 2-3 pieces closer to the center and grown without picking, in order not to damage the root system (1).
Lightly compacted soil, watered (2). Capacity covered with glass or film and put in a warm place. For germination maintain a temperature of about +20 ° C. After the emergence of shoots, the film is removed, and the containers are rearranged to a cool (+5 ... + 10 ° С) bright place.
When there are 2-3 true leaves, pluck weak shoots in each container, leaving only one of the strongest (3).
Care for seedlings. Water regularly and feed twice with mineral fertilizers.
Planting seedlings in open ground
Seedlings of early varieties are planted in early May under the film, and then with an interval of 10-15 days - right into the ground.
Seedlings of late varieties are planted in the soil from May 15 to June 5. Before disembarking, do not water the pots for a day so that someone lags behind the walls. Kohlrabi prefers sunny places, but tolerates light partial shade. Under planting kohlrabi manure and organic do not make, and planted the next year after the crops needing large doses of organic fertilizers. You should not plant it after radish and other cruciferous, as they have the same diseases and pests. The best precursors for kohlrabi are legumes, pumpkin, tomatoes, potatoes, onions. For planting choose cloudy weather, so that the plants are not affected by the sun's rays. In the beds prepared in advance (lightly settled after digging), dig holes, add humus to each cup, as well as ashes or dolomite flour - cabbage does not like the high acidity of the soil (4).
Some water is poured into the wells and seedlings are planted in damp soil, slightly dredging, and then the soil is compacted. The distance between plants is 20–25 cm, and the aisle distance is 45–55 cm. For later varieties, the distance is slightly longer: the rosette of leaves grows stronger. To protect against frost, landing is covered with lutrasil.
Sorta
Early varieties of kohlrabi are usually light green in color, late-ripened varieties are purple.
Early Varieties: Viennese white 1350, Athena, Korist F1. Medium ripe: Eder RZ F1, Cartago F1.
Late-ripening: Violetta, Giant, Kossak F1
Kohlrabi cabbage is known among gardeners for its fast growing. This vegetable crop is unpretentious in the care, planting kohlrabi in the open field is possible in several stages, and its harvest will delight you with its abundance.
Kohlrabi and cabbage are close relatives: the first looks like a turnip, and the flavor is pronounced cabbage. We can say that it is an overgrown stalk, but sweet and tender in use. Here is a kaleidoscope of flavors: like lettuce, radish and parsley.
The variety is unassuming and cold-resistant, the care is quite simple, as for the usual, white-white variety. Of course, the cultivation of kohlrabi has its own certain nuances that you should know if you decide to plant it in your open field. And about
From this article you will learn
Early and late varieties
There is still an erroneous stereotype among gardeners that care for kohlrabi cabbage is difficult, that this overseas vegetable will not grow in the harsh realities of the Russian climate. In reality, the agricultural technology of cultivation of kohlrabi is possible even for beginners in the garden business!
Today, there are 2 groups of varieties of this type of cabbage: early white and purple, growing in a longer period. Cultivation of late-ripening varieties with a violet color is recommended for cultivation in the summer-autumn season.
The early-seasoned kohlrabi varieties are perfect as a base for vegetable salad, stew well and bake. Late varieties can be added to the soup.
Grow a variety of kohlrabi:
- Seedlings of early varieties and hybrids: "Pikant", "Smak", "Vienna White-1350", "Moravia", "Korist F1", "Sonata F1".
- Sowing seeds in open ground: the current varieties of plants include “Eder F1” and “Giant”, which are distinguished by medium and late maturation of the crop.
Purple kohlrabi "Vienna Blue" fell in love with gardeners because it does not outgrow and its tubers can be removed from the garden as needed.
Grade "Giant": able to grow to a weight of 3 kg and even more, but still better when the vegetable turnip reaches 8 - 10 cm (in this size, it is the most juicy, delicate in taste).
Of the later varieties, the Violetta, which is characterized by a beautiful, dark purple head, is attractive; the photo clearly shows bluish leaves with pronounced purple veins. Fruit Violetta turnips are fairly decent in weight: at least 1 kg, they have good keeping quality, if you keep them until February.
Terms of planting culture with seedlings
Terms of planting: the main advantage of Kohlrabi is in extremely short periods of receipt of the finished product: only 65-75 days. It should be noted that its crop, taking into account the climatic characteristics of the area, can be collected before this period.
If there is an opportunity to grow this vegetable by planting seedlings, the seeds should be planted for this 5 weeks before the leaf begins to form and the seedlings need to be transferred to the ground.
To get an early harvest, the seeds of the plant are sown under seedlings in greenhouses on March 12–15. The harvest will appear in the first 2 weeks of June.
The second time you can sow the seeds in the first days of May, the cabbage will ripen in this case at the end of July.
Third sowing: at the end of June, in the last decade of the month. During this period, seeds are sown directly in the ground, and the harvest will be ready by the beginning of October.
Important! For proper and stable germination of seeds, it is necessary to maintain the air temperature between 15-18 ° C, and after the seedlings appear: 5-10 ° C.
Kohlrabi transplant (dive)
In that case, if the seeds are sown in one box, then you need to wait for the development phase of the first fully-formed leaf and pick the seedlings on the peat pots. Here it is important to adhere to the following temperature regime: after the picking, the temperature should be 20C, after a few days, it is set to 17C (during the day) and 11C (at night).
Procedures hardening sprouts should be carried out 2 weeks before the placement of the finished seedlings in the ground. Seedlings gradually accustom themselves to the effects of direct sunlight, wind and changes in street temperatures. No need to rush to the rapid planting of seedlings: the cold can cause the appearance of arrows in kohlrabi.
Calendar of works by day for growing seedlings:
| Term | Type of work |
|---|---|
| 20.02 - 29.02 | We prepare peat soil with additives of necessary mineral fertilizers. |
| 01.03 (can be sown until the end of June, the harvest will get to the fall) | Sowing seeds |
| 05.04 – 10.04 | The first feeding of seedlings in pots with chelates: complex fertilizers, we do not recommend sprouting in a common box |
| 10.04 – 20.04 | Dive |
| 01.05 – 15.05 | The second feeding of seedlings after picking (in the stage of 2 sheets) |
| 20.05 – 30.05 | Planting grown seedlings in open ground |
Planting Kohlrabi seedlings in the ground
The plant should be planted in the south and southeast. Watch for this ventilated area, which will be exposed to direct sunlight. Positive predecessors, with whom Kohlrabi is friends, are:
- potatoes;
- legumes;
- beet;
- cucumbers and tomatoes;
The following cultures are undesirable:
- rutabaga;
- radish and radish;
- salad.
Attention! Before planting seedlings in the ground, do not forget to fertilize: pour 1 tbsp into the wells. l superphosphate, 1 tsp. urea + 1 cup ash.
Seedlings are planted as follows: a seedling is buried by the level of cotyledon leaves, if you plant more deeply, then the stem of the stebleplod will become incorrectly formed, and an unnecessary blooming will begin on it.
It is necessary to plant sprouts in the following way: place the roots almost on the surface of the open ground, only slightly sprinkling them with earth, hilling is not required.
The soil under the seedlings easily compacted and watered quite abundantly. When all the water goes into the soil, the areas under the plants are sprinkled with dry soil or mulched to prevent the rapid evaporation of valuable moisture.
Nuance! Although kohlrabi and makes small surface frosts, but still in the case of early planting plants at night close any protective, non-woven material. This technique will protect the plants not only from the cold, but also from the flower rifle.
When a week passes after the seedlings are planted, they must be fed with nitrogen fertilizers, and fermented with organic fertilizers after 14-20 days. Finish feeding diluted in water fertilizer: superphosphate + potassium, so that the formation of the ovary was no problem.
For reference! Cabbage seedlings are watered in stages, with a frequency: 1 time in 2-3 days, then 1 time per week. This is an important care condition that you must remember.
Planting seeds in the ground
The ground for this agrotechnical reception must first be prepared. In the fall, it is shallowly dug up with simultaneous addition of 3-4 kg of humus or peat to 1 m2.
In the ground, where kohlrabi grows, you need to add 1 cup of ash, 1 tsp. urea, 1 tbsp. l superphosphate mixture.
Ash is a natural store of potassium and phosphorus, which are so necessary for the normal germination of seeds, rooting seedlings.
We recommend that you disinfect the seeds with a weak (pinkish) solution of potassium permanganate. In addition to this method, experienced gardeners recommend putting seeds in hot water (+ 50 ° C) for 15 minutes, then for 1 minute in cold.
Also, vegetable seeds are soaked in growth stimulant solutions for 7 to 12 hours. Most often used drugs "Epin extra", "Zircon" and "Vympel-K".
Before direct sowing in the soil the seeds are dried. These methods of preparatory treatment of seeds will help good growth, strengthen and protect your plants from diseases.
At what distance to sow the seeds in open ground?
It is necessary to form grooves / wells at a distance of 30 cm, a depth of 1-1.5 cm. Seeds are laid out every 5 cm. Subsequently, the crops are thinned in compliance with the interval of 25 - 30 cm. Early varieties will need a distance of 30 cm, and for middle-ripening and late - 45 cm
Kohlrabi ties its stemplod when it produces 7-8 long petioles with leaves. At this time, the turnip is set and it needs abundant, regular watering: make sure that the earth does not dry out.
What does a plant look like when it is often watered? If you do not follow the rare watering regime, a crack on the turnip may appear. Kohlrabi will begin to stretch and crack, which will 100% lead to a sharp deterioration in the taste of this healthy vegetable.
Is it possible to loosen and spud kohlrabi
Care for this variety of cabbage lies in the regular implementation of simple actions, after which it grows safely from beginning to end:
- loosening the soil beneath it: constant loosening of the spacing is carried out to a depth of 5 cm, while the ground should not touch the base of the stebleplod;
- weeding: weeds are torn off, spuding is impossible due to fear of cracking and wormholes on the turnips;
- watering: a strengthened plant accumulates water in itself and therefore kohlrabi no longer need daily watering at this stage, as much as it needs, it will take itself every 3-4 days, this scheme is the most optimal.
How to fertilize and how many times to water
Poor and irregular watering will provoke the plant to the emergence of hard and fibrous stem plants. Excessive moisture slows down the natural growth, the ovary can crack, so cabbage seedlings need to be watered no more than once every 3-4 days.
When the sprouts begin to actively take root and produce leaves, they are watered even less.
Top dressing with mineral substances is made 1 time during the vegetative period: 5 - 10 grams of ammonium nitrate + 10 grams of potassium + 10-20 grams of superphosphate per 1 m2.
Seedlings like to feed from organic matter: they usually use a liquid mullein (proportion with water 1:10).
How to deal with pests
Pest and garden diseases are controlled by the same means that you use in the care of white cabbage.
It can be cruciferous flea, which form colonies that can destroy the seedlings in the early stages of planting in the ground, if not follow it. Young sprouts, on which fleas appeared, should be promptly treated with wood ash or tobacco powder, ground to dust.
You can use a mixture of ash and tobacco in the calculation of 1: 1: disperse it through a sieve over seedling sprouts. The procedure is best done in the morning, at least 3 days. We recommend that you repeat the procedure again 2-3 times, with an interval of 5 days.
How does kohlrabi grow in the climate of the Moscow region?
This vegetable grows quite well in the Moscow region, there are varieties of zoned, caring for them does not require special physical and material costs.
Why does kohlrabi blossom?
The seedlings of early varieties are most often prone to flowering and release of arrows, so it is important to monitor the temperature at which it is located. A flowering stem with leaves indicates that the seedlings are not properly grown. Kohlrabi does not like sudden changes in temperature, because of which it can bloom seedlings.
Why not fasten fetal head?
The reason may be the wrong place for planting seeds and seedlings: Kohlrabi likes sunny, open places with good ventilation. Poor quality seeds and overly acidified soils can also contribute to the fact that cabbage turnips will not be tied into the required shape and size.
Why kohlrabi cabbage cracks / bursts?
The turnips of this cabbage do not like excessive watering, they can crack. So do not recommend abusing water. Kohlrabi is not watered every day, it is harmful for her.
Is it necessary to tear off the leaves of kohlrabi?
It is not necessary to tear off the leaves in order not to harm the condition of the stelplods, unless these are rotting or yellowed sheets.
When to harvest?
Kohlrabi is better to collect before full ripening: when the turnips of this type of cabbage are formed into fruits with a diameter of 7-8 cm. Such a “cab” will be tender and pleasant to taste. No need to give the plant to grow more than this size, because you get a hardened, almost stiffened vegetable!
Do you want to eat flavored kohlrabi from summer to the start of frosts? Plant several varieties that have different ripening periods. Fruits from late varieties can be stored until February.
Where and how to plant?
It is not difficult to care for kohlrabi, you can safely plant seedlings between other plants in your garden. For example, the same lettuce will scare away the pests: earth fleas, and spinach will help growth with the substance saponin secreted by its roots. This variety of cabbage gets along well with all the inhabitants of garden beds!
Error number 1:
Use for seedlings excessively dense soil.
Some gardeners take the land from their summer cottage for sowing seeds. And this is wrong, because it does not contain enough nutrients necessary for the emergence of strong sprouts seedlings. The earth can serve as a basis for soil in which it is required to add humus, fertilizers, sand and peat.
Error number 2:
Abuse of nitrogen fertilizers.
Do not chase the rapid growth of seedlings. They, due to the excessive presence of nitrogen in the soil, will poorly take root after a dive.
Chelated phosphate-potassium fertilizers have passed the test of time and well help seedlings adapt to the open ground after their planting from peat pots.
Observing all the rules of cultivation, disinfection, hardening of seeds and seedlings of kohlrabi, you get to eat a beautiful vegetable in taste, the care of which will bring you a rich harvest.
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