The tendency of tinkering, which is rapidly gaining momentum, cannot bypass such an interior item as a chandelier. It is not only a source of light, but also one of the main decorations of the room. Naturally, the views of the guests will be riveted to the individual creation and the works will not remain without attention. The abundance of raw materials at hand allows the use of a wide variety of materials. What can a chandelier be made from?

  Chandelier do-it-yourself made of cardboard.

Cardboard is the most affordable material for the manufacture of various products.
   Such a chandelier with your own hands will require different colors of cardboard, fabric or lace, PVA glue. And then it all depends on the manufacturer of fantasy.

1. We cut the cardboard into circles of the same diameter and fold it into hexagons.

2. Inside each hexagon, cut a round hole.

3. Cut the fabric into circles with a diameter larger than the holes in the cardboard.

4. With the help of glue, fasten the fabric to the cardboard blanks so that it stretches well and closes the hole. We leave two non-sealed circles in order to be able to fix the cartridge with a light bulb, and there was an outlet for the heated air.

5. Ready hexagons glue together with each other, using bent edges. Unclosed blanks are located on opposite sides.

Attention:  The paper burns very well! Put the light bulb economy version, they are slightly heated.







Chandelier do-it-yourself pumpkin.

In this case, the flight of your imagination is limitless. The pumpkin cleaned from the inside is a ready-made lampshade, you just cut the desired pattern on it and insert the cartridge under the light bulb.

In order for the pattern on the bark to be symmetrical and beautiful, before cutting, make a stencil out of paper and apply it on the blank with a pencil or marker. Then you can easily correct the image. A very thin lace pattern or running fallow deer on a sunny golden pumpkin will please the eye on cold winter evenings. If such lamp shade is properly dried, then it will serve you not one year.





Many people prefer to make their own home furnishings. And this is good, because not only the original creative abilities of a person are manifested, but also the home decorated with such objects becomes unique and original, emphasizing the taste and ingenuity of its inhabitants.

DIY chandelier from plastic bottles.

For the manufacture of chandeliers with their own hands from plastic bottles, we need:

  • The skeleton of an old chandelier. (Perhaps you still have an old chandelier).
  • Many plastic bottles of various colors. (from white, dairy, to dark beer bottles, including green, blue and transparent).
  • Several steel bars that can be bought at any hardware store.

Manufacturing technology.

  1. Cut plastic bottles and cut out the petals and flowers. You can also cut out various shapes or animals - it all depends on your imagination.
  2. For attaching flowers and other figures to the skeleton of an old chandelier, we attach steel rods. We make a hedgehog with steel rods of 5-7 pieces, connecting the rods with the centers in turn by wire. The upper rod of the hedgehog is cut off with pliers, there will be a light bulb here.
  3. On the resulting construction neatly fasten the cut figures and flowers.
  4. We insert our hedgehog into the skeleton of an old chandelier.

DIY chandelier  from plastic bottles ready to go!





Chandelier do-it-yourself from laser discs.

In the era of computer technology, almost everyone has accumulated a lot of CDs and DVDs. What is the use of them to find? - DIY chandelier from laser discs! The design of the chandelier depends on the imagination and the number of discs accumulated in your house. With the help of the wire, we connect them into various designs, not forgetting to leave a hole for the cartridge. You can make a ball, a curving cylinder, a cone, and more. With its brilliance and reflection of light, such a product will give an extraordinary charm to a room.



DIY chandelier  from wood.

For the manufacture of chandeliers from wood with our own hands, we need:

  • Trims of the door trim, which are sold in hardware stores. 12 pieces of approximately 30-45 centimeters.
  • 6 identical liter cans for plafonds.
  • Tint paint the color of the tree (oak or larch).
  • Small screws on the tree.
  • The machine
  • White paint.
  • Sandpaper.
  1. We process strips with sandpaper so that they are perfectly smooth from all sides.
  2. From the back of each slat we make a shallow groove for laying the electric wire.
  3. On three bars on both sides we drill holes for fastening the lampshades.
  4. Paint the color of our strips in the color of oak or larch.
  5. With the help of screws, we fasten together all the strips in pairs so that a regular hexagon is obtained.
  6. In the center we make holes in the metal lids of the cans and fasten the cartridges with light bulbs.
  7. We roll up the cans with light bulbs with a seamer.
  8. We paint the lid and neck of the can in the color of wood, and the ceiling in white or blue.
  9. Fasten a wooden chandelier to the ceiling.







Chandelier do it yourself from a headdress.

An old hat that has lost its shape, burned out and went out of fashion, can also serve as an excellent addition to your interior. Apply a little creative effort, and you get a beautiful chandelier with your crayfish from a hat. A designer's idea, as well as lace, ribbons, chiffon or organza, will transform an old battered thing into a beautiful lamp shade. For example, with the help of threads, attach laces in the form of a veil to the fields of the hat, tie a beautiful bow on top and the lampshade is ready. The most simple and original solution to the problem.


DIY chandelier  from yarn.

For the manufacture of chandeliers from yarn do it yourself, we need:

  • Plastic bowl for the manufacture of lampshade.
  • Yarn. Multi-colored thread.
  • Fastening paste.

Step-by-step diagram of the chandelier assembly.

  1. Prepare the paste to secure the yarn on a plastic bowl. To do this, mix 0.5 cups of flour with 2 cups of water, then add another 2 cups of hot water to the mixture, bring the solution to a boil and add 3 more tablespoons of sugar. Then mix thoroughly and let the paste cool.
  2. In the cooled paste soak for several hours, yarn and wool.
  3. Soak the yarn slightly wring out and tightly wound on a plastic bowl. Here you can show creativity and design ideas. Especially wind the yarn to the bottom of the bowl.
  4. After drying, after about a day, carefully remove the bowl from the resulting lampshade from the yarn.
  5. To the bottom of the lampshade we fasten the ceiling lamp with the electric wire and hang the chandelier.

Important! The chandelier with its own hands from scrap materials is not designed for greater power of illumination, so it is very important for the purposes of fire safety not to use incandescent bulbs with a capacity of more than 60 watts in them!




Are you tired of the ordinary look of the interior of your room or country house? So, it's time for amazing changes. Of course, you can buy a bunch of new things in stores and replace them with old ones, but we offer to plunge into the creative process with your head and make something unique with your own hands. Expand the designer and change the world around you, make it beautiful and unique.

Let's start with the replacement of the chandelier, this interior element will become the accent of your designer's interior. Original - this is possible. If you do not take into account the cost savings, then we can confidently say that the positive emotions that will certainly arise during the process will be remembered for a lifetime. In addition, you will become the owner of a unique and exclusive things. Have patience, time and necessary materials.

Materials for the manufacture of the ceiling can be different. In the course will go the most forgotten and abandoned objects, everything will fit. Old kerosene lamps, openwork cages for canaries, cups with saucers, burlap, grandmother's lace, decorative feathers, beads and much more.

Inventing a new chandelier, you must decide in advance what style the room will be decorated. The romantic style of the room will suit the young girl, country style or Provence will create an unforgettable atmosphere in a country house - you choose. It is also necessary to determine what kind of lighting intensity you would like to achieve in the end. After that, begin to select the necessary materials for the manufacture of chandeliers.

Chandelier do-it-yourself: photo-lesson on the decor of the lampshade.

You will need:

  • cartridge of the required diameter;
  • electrical cord;
  • frame of the future chandelier;
  • decorative elements;
  • nylon thread;
  • hot glue gun;
  • light bulb.

Old frame lampshade found in the attic, with the help of your imagination will turn into an elegant and stylish thing. Many famous interior designers began their careers in this way, making amazing things and putting them up for sale. Who knows, maybe your success is just around the corner?

And so, measure the lampshade and make a pattern. Choosing fabric, pay attention to its density. This may be organza, chiffon or denser cloth burlap, flax. Sew the parts and, pulling the resulting cover on the frame, secure the fabric with the help of thread. Now decorate the lampshade with lace, beads and artificial flowers. Attach the cartridge to the finished lampshade and connect the wire, it remains to screw in the light bulb and the chandelier with your own hands (as in the photo) is ready.







The subject of pride and admiration has appeared in your house. Now, no one can keep you from creating new masterpieces!

Chandelier do-it-yourself from rulers.

Children's rooms - the most sensitive issue in terms of design. Children grow very quickly, and chandeliers in the form of airplanes or other toys quickly lose their relevance. That is why we turn on the fantasy and proceed to the creative process!

Making a chandelier with your own hands from the rulers is easy! It is necessary to determine the shape and choose plastic or wood. The advantage of plastic is the good flexibility of the material, but at the same time it melts well, emitting an unpleasant smell, so light bulbs of weak heat, preferably LED, are placed in such chandeliers. With the help of plastic rulers you can make round and semicircular lampshades.

But it is best to take a wooden, the same length ticker, two small hoop and wooden plank. With the help of screws fasten the ruler at equal distance to the hoops. We skip the bar inside one of the circles to install a cartridge with a light bulb on it. Rulers between the hoops can be fixed in parallel or in the form of a lattice. Such a chandelier with their own hands will be especially liked by schoolchildren and will suit any interior.

  DIY Christmas chandelier (photo attached).

If the peak of your creative activity came on the eve of the New Year holidays, you can surprise your friends and relatives with a real work of art. DIY Christmas chandelier (photo attached) made of bright Christmas balls can replace the Christmas tree and become the central decoration of the house.

You will need:

  • plain plywood or plexiglass;
  • rough linen rope;
  • blue, silver, green and gold balls;
  • stapler;
  • glass elements of the old chandelier.

Cut a 50: 50 cm square out of plywood or plexiglass. Drill holes through every 5 centimeters in a chaotic manner.


Using a wire clip, thread the linen thread into one hole and pull out from the next hole. Cut two ends at 2 m. Fill all the holes in this way. Fix the square on the ceiling instead of the chandelier, and tie the balls at different distances from the floor, cutting off the extra length. Do this in the center of the composition. At the edges, hang small glass parts on shorter threads, giving the whole composition a pyramid shape.



Stylish chandelier with your own hands, ready!

To make the image of your room unique, you can do many things with your own hands. These items include chandeliers.

The most popular way to make a chandelier with your own hands is winding from threads. We take the usual balloon, we inflate it. You will also need a lot of white glue and more than 100 meters of thread. It is advisable to use cotton threads, so the glue will not run together and will lie evenly. It is more convenient to pour glue into some container, and apply glue to threads with a brush. With these taped threads we wind the ball, making sure that there are no large gaps. We are waiting for the glue to dry. It is better to wait more days than to start again, but with other materials. When the glue is dry, untie the knot of the ball and inflate it again. This is done to ensure that the shape of the ball is not lost and our chandelier with its own hands does not become oval. Now it is necessary to burst the ball with a needle, and gently remove it from the cocoon of threads with something sharp. Cut a round hole at the top of ours and place a lamp in the ball, preferably with a matte finish. Fix the light bulb and the story chandelier. You can compare the result obtained by looking at examples of photo chandeliers or a video lesson.

To make your own chandelier more original and more tender, use thin lace instead of threads. Starch the lace and paste the ball in the same way. This lamp fits perfectly into the kitchen, made in country style.

To make a bra with your own hands, apply the same method with pasting with threads or lace. You can still use thin strips of fabric or tulle. Only instead of a round ball, take a juice box. It is desirable from a half-liter - so the sconce will look more attractive. Before creating, look at the photo chandeliers to see which wall lamp suits you.

Chandelier do-it-yourself from hangers.

Do not throw away old things. There is a use for everything. You can even get a chandelier with your own hands from hangers for clothes. This is a very convenient material for creativity, and hangers are usually very durable. Simply fasten them together with a wire and give any shape, decorating with a cloth, bows, paper or other improvised material. You can install any one, but several LED bulbs or LED strip. A chandelier of this type characterizes the owner of the room as an extraordinary and loving personality.



There are more extravagant examples of creating chandeliers with their own hands.


Well, here's another idea how to make a chandelier with your own hands from scrap materials.
   For this model of chandeliers, we need a large bottle of plastic and a lot of disposable spoons.



See the photo of the chandeliers with your own hands and decide what you want to receive. An excellent chandelier with your own hands will turn out with the help of an old lampshade. Need a metal ceiling base with a canopy. Cover the area around the bulb with a foil (energy saving!). From the old lampshade, remove the fabric and attach suitable paper to it. Cover the bottom of the lamp, in contact with the lamp, with baking paper, which will give your chandelier with your hands a soft yellow light. Is done. It seems that the chandelier hangs by itself, without touching the ceiling.

If you have several embroidery hoops, use them to create a beautiful lamp. Take the hoop or wire as the base to create the desired shape of the lamp. Cover the frame with a cloth or look through the photo chandeliers to paint the base properly. Attach organza or sheer chiffon to the frame. For decoration, you can also set up a monochrome Christmas garland inside. You can use pendants instead of fabric: string beads on a strong line and attach the line to the base. Get an original chandelier with your own hands. It looks interesting if there are several such lamps to hang.

The home-made chandelier, made in the following way, also looks unusual: the kebab sticks gently glue each other into a square shape, as you will see in the photo of the chandeliers. If desired, attach the macaroni on the edges of the chandelier in the idea of ​​ribbons. As a decoration between the sticks, put a ribbon of bright fabric. In the same way you can create and sconces.

The lamp from disposable cups fastened together by a stapler looks intricately. How to do it, show photo chandeliers. And with the help of fishing line attach the chandelier to the ceiling.

The idea of ​​creating designer furniture or decorative items with her own hands has always enjoyed special recognition. Have you ever tried to do something interesting, for example, a chandelier? At first glance it seems that nothing worthy of this undertaking will come out, and this is a privilege of designers. Yes, and you need to spend a lot of time, buy the necessary materials, and have direct hands, otherwise the result will be deplorable. But this is only at first glance. In fact, from absolutely any handy or dusting things in the attic, you can create great beauty. And the great master is absolutely not necessary. It will take only a little ingenuity, fantasy, free time - and the chandelier, made with your own hands, is ready.

Fluttering tenderness

A great option for "samples of the pen" - a chandelier of butterflies. It’s very easy to do it with your own hands, and if you put in a fantasy and slightly change the idea, the result can exceed your wildest expectations. So let's get started.

What is required for this

You can say you need nothing at all:

The base of the chandelier itself with a cartridge and a light bulb (quite suitable from the old one), you can optionally repaint it in a suitable color;

The frame for the lampshade, you can take from the old chandelier or use the hoop from the hoop;

Pieces of tulle and ribbons or fabric, as long as the colors are harmonious;

Lighter, fishing line and hot gun (matches, durable threads, glue);

Butterflies can be cut from fabric, thick paper, plastic, in general, from any material that can be used for this purpose and is available;

Figured hole punch for butterflies, for lack of it, you can use scissors.

Putting this miracle together

First of all, we wrap the hoop with a ribbon, fixing it from the inside with glue, and decorate it. We cut the ribbon of a different color into small pieces and tie a hoop around them in a circle, making indents. It is possible to tie small neat bows instead of scraps of ribbons, here as your fantasy tells you. The edges of the ribbons are singed with a cigarette lighter so that the threads do not break. In loose between the bows (rags) of the space we tie in pieces of tulle. Fastened to the hoop four equal stripes of tulle or ribbons, they will hold our future lampshade on the basis of a chandelier. We tie them together with a bow at the top.

Getting to the butterflies. They can be cut the most different shapes and sizes. We use multi-colored materials, and, if they allow, we give the form and relief to butterflies. They can be painted or covered with sparkles.

It is better to unwind and align the line beforehand so that it does not assemble into curls. Place a piece of fishing line on the table and glue butterflies to it with a hot gun. The distance can be completely different. You can put beads between the butterflies themselves for more beauty and also fix them with glue. Let the glue dry.

Already finished cuts of fishing line with butterflies tie to the previously prepared hoop. You can evaluate the overall result and add their number as desired. Butterflies can be placed both on the same level and along the entire length of the fishing line.

In our case, the chandelier consists of three ceilings. With your own hands, you can arrange the top mount, and you can buy the right one. It should hide all the connections of the wires, set the distance and firmly consolidate on the ceiling.

It remains only to collect all the details together. We connect the wires, fasten the ceiling and ... enjoy the excellent work done!

It will take a lot of time, but it's worth it, believe me.

Below is another fine paper chandelier option. Tell me, where is it possible to buy one? Is that do it yourself.

How to make this beauty?

We need a paper lantern, glue gun and coffee filters. Here they will need a lot, for almost one such chandelier almost 400 pieces go.

Beautiful air and fluffy cover ready!

A bit of nature

Chandelier do-it-yourself made of wood. Think hard? Not at all. We look further.

Materials

Here you will need:

The frame of the old chandelier;

Grape bars and willow vine;

Twine, wire cutters and spray paint.

Front of work

We select grape rods suitable for the size, we clean them of all superfluous and fasten the chandelier to the frame with string. Each branch should smoothly adhere to the bends of the metal, braiding it, and be well fixed.

Use willow twigs for winding the fixation of the string. They are more flexible and they can close all difficult places. The chandelier with its own hands from wood is almost ready, it remains only to paint it. The color range is the most varied, from white to blood red.

Another interesting option. A large vine is used. One has only to give shape and weave it into a ball. The vine may not be too pliable, you will have to soak it well and only after you form a sphere. In this position, it will have to dry. Each lozinka carefully fix, set the tone frame of the chandelier. Work is not for one day, but the result is worth it, insanely beautiful.

With the aroma of Burgundy

What do you do with empty wine bottles, probably throwing away? And in vain. From them can turn out an original chandelier from bottles. It’s pretty easy to do it yourself. It will only be necessary to stock up on an empty container, preferably not from too dark glass (otherwise the lighting will be dim), a glass cutter, wires and cartridges. Now we will tell you about how such a chandelier is made with your own hands.

Master class with bottles

First, rinse the bottles well and discard the labels. After the need to cut the bottom. We need only the top one, and it will be the canopy. Outline with a glass cutter a straight line, walk along it, lightly tapping with a hammer. After the bottom you can beat off. Process the edges of the cut, it is better if they do not remain sharp. Place a wire inside the bottle and connect the cartridge. Screw the light bulb. Done!

You can use several bottles at the same level or different, to match them by the color of the glass or the form. Your imagination - the green light!

However, not only glass bottles can go into business. Plastic suit for this role is no worse. A little effort - and the chandelier will be made with your own hands! You should only prepare the material, the more you collect the bottles, the better. They can be of different shapes, sizes and colors. Cut the lower parts, connect them together with a fishing line and attach to the base. Voila! And the most pleasant thing is absolutely for nothing.

Ideas for creating such unusual things are very interesting. It is possible to invent, supplement and create from everything absolutely. Not only chandeliers can be a field for activity, but also ceiling lamps, table lamps and even sconces. They can be changed completely or improved with small additions that will bring harmony to the interior and create even more comfort. Inspired by such ideas, you can make a beautiful thing not only for yourself, but also as a gift to a loved one.

Imagine, search and try, and you will certainly succeed. Maybe you come up with something special, copyright. You can make not only beautiful, but also useful things, such as, for example, like the popular Chizhevsky chandelier. The hands can make simple, but really worth that product. Good luck in your endeavors!

Lighting - the most important component of the interior. It is the lighting that determines the comfort and the level of comfort of our home. The play of light and shadow allows you to beat the winning moments of the interior and divert attention from unsuccessful moments. And also - lamps, floor lamps, chandeliers and lamps create the atmosphere that we call the "house". The unique lamps and the best way to make a lamp shade with your own hands will help to make your home only “yours”, personal, individual. Self-made ceiling lamps and lampshades - this is the horse that will make your home stand out from the rest.

A few words about security

In the manufacture of lamps, floor lamps and chandeliers in industrial environments, the minimum distance from the “body” of the lamp to the materials is pre-calculated. This distance depends on the power and thermal radiation of the lamp and on the type (flammability) of the material from which the ceiling / lamp shade is made. At home, hardly anyone will bother with such calculations. And in order not to create a dangerous situation, you should follow certain rules.

And in general, having made the lampshade and installing it, in the first few days pay attention to whether the ceiling is heated. Heat is any increase in temperature above the environment. If the ceiling feels warm, change the light bulb to a less powerful one. Check again. So until the self-made lamp shade will not be heated.

Where to get the frame

If you want to alter the old lamp, a floor lamp, sconces in which the old lamp shade has fallen into disrepair, you can simply use the already existing base, stripping the old material. Before starting work, well inspect the frame, if there is somewhere rust or damaged coating, maybe you should tear and paint everything again? At the same time, the color can be changed. If there are no old frames, you can buy an inexpensive lamp (in a store or at a flea market) and do the same operations with it. Quite good lampshades, by the way, can be made from trash cans. They are wire, there is plastic. The main thing - to find the right shape and size. Then make a hole in the bottom of the cartridge. Next - the case for decoration / trim, and then the options for the sea.

If this method is not available, you can make a lampshade without a frame (there are such) or make a frame yourself. Material for making a frame for a lampshade do it yourself: wire, wood (wooden or bamboo sticks, specially cut out elements), plastic bottles.

How to make a frame for a homemade wire shade

Wire for the frame of the lamp need aluminum or steel. It is easy to work with aluminum, but it is easily wrinkled. This is not very important when the lampshade is already in use, but this fact must be taken into account during work: you can spoil the shape. On the other hand, such plasticity allows you to easily and easily make changes in shape during work. So the option is not bad. Aluminum wire can be “extracted” from electrical cables. It is necessary to remove the protective shell and can be used.

The steel wire is more elastic, so that it keeps its shape well. It can be searched on the construction market. Working with her is more difficult. It is desirable that the number were strong male hands.

In addition to the wire, you will need powerful wire cutters and pliers for work. The lampshade frame usually consists of two rings and the racks connecting them. The shape of the future lampshade depends on the size of the rings and the shape of the uprights. Questions may arise on the number of racks and how to mount them. The number of racks depends on the size of the rings and how “round” you want to make a lamp shade. The more racks, the more "smooth" the fabric will fall. So you choose, but the optimal distance between the posts in the lower circle is about 5-6 cm.

Techniques for creating a frame for a wire shade

The methods of attaching the stack to the lampshade rings depend on the thickness and type of wire, as well as the tools you have. The easiest way is to make a small hook at the end, then clamp it tightly. And so that the ring does not slide to the right and left, the wire at the attachment point should be pre-treated with sandpaper with a large grain. This is an option for thick aluminum wire. If the wire is steel, with a diameter of 1.2-2 mm or more, the best way is. The thinner wire can be bent and wound around the ring or also make a hook.

If you do the hooks, wind the wire, the appearance is far from perfect as the factory frameworks. But this imperfection will be covered by the lampshade itself. If she cares about you, find a ribbon of a suitable color (usually matched to the color of the lampshade) and carefully wrap the resulting frame. It will be much better. The tape can be smeared with PVA glue and, wet, tight, coil after coil, wrap the frame.

Wire Mesh

If you manage to find a grid of fine wire, you can quickly make an almost perfect cylindrical ceiling for a floor lamp, a desk lamp, a night lamp, a ceiling lamp for installing a candle, etc. All you need to do is to cut a piece of the grid of the desired length and width, roll it up into a ring and fasten the wires, wrapping them around the racks.

To prevent the grid from straightening, cut off a piece, cut so that there are long loose ends on both sides. They will fasten the cylindrical cover. And the imperfection of the upper and lower rings can be masked with a ribbon of the desired color.

From a five-liter plastic bottle

An interesting shape lampshade can come from a plastic bottle with a large displacement. There are bottles of 5-6 liters and even 10. That’s what you can use. We cut off the top from the tank and go to the bottom - depending on what you like best. In the cut off part we make a ring chambered for. If the upper part is cut off, a neck can be used for some cartridges. For those with a larger diameter, it will have to be cut.

Then we cut out the extra plastic, form the rims and racks of the ceiling. Not to be mistaken, you can draw all the lines with a marker beforehand. Cutting will be easier. All elementary. Then just decorate. And yes, it is obligatory to cut plastic, otherwise there will be no place for warm air.

Making lampshades on the frame

Options on how to make a lampshade cover are enough:


Of tapes

The easiest and fastest way to transform an old lampshade for a floor lamp or table lamp is to use tapes. Need a frame or lampshade in the form of a cylinder. It can be "naked" or covered with a cloth. If you use a "bare" frame, the light will break through the slits, which will create interesting lighting effects, but the lighting will be non-uniform. Reading in this light is inconvenient - this is an interior solution. If you need even illumination, first cover the frame with a cloth. It can be the same color as the tape, a couple of tones darker or lighter, can be contrasted. It all depends on your desire. And remember that the darker the fabric, the less light the lampshade misses.

We take a tape with a width of 1-2.5 cm. We fix it from the seamy side of the lamp shade with the help of PVA glue, additionally fixing it with a pin. If you took a wire frame without fabric, fasten it to the upper or lower rim (you can sew it with your hands, you can use glue). Then we begin to wrap the entire frame, from top to bottom, placing the turns of the tape close to each other, but without overlap.

Having completed the circle, the ribbon is turned 90 °. We fix in this position (with a needle and a string or with PVA glue, with a glue from a pistol, fixing it temporarily with a pin, pressing it with a pin). Then we skip the tape under the first tape, pull it out, put it over the second one, then pull it down again, pull it up through one tape. So, gradually, we create an interlacing, filling the whole lamp shade.

Alternatively, you can skip two vertical ribbons. But then it is necessary to ensure that each successive row is shifted by one crossmember. Then we get another type of weave. Such a lamp shade is ideal for floor lamps, since the light will be directed downwards, the dispersion through the walls will be small.

In this embodiment, the tapes may be the same, they may be the same color, but different textures, they may differ by a couple of tones or be contrasted. In the circle of the tape can be started sploshnyakom, but you can - after some distance. If you find a wide ribbon and overlap it with overlap, then you will not need horizontal ones at all. And if you use a braided or twisted cord (in the lower photo on the right), we get a completely different lampshade in appearance. So only this lampshade finishing technique gives a lot of options.

Briefly present ideas. There are many options for how to customize the standard frame for the lamp shades in an unusual way. The first method was already voiced: you can tie the cover on the lampshade on the needles or crochet. Several options in the photo.

Not everyone can knit. It's easier to work with beads, especially if you glue it. You can decorate the old fabric with the help of beads, sequins, beads of different shapes and sizes. You will make such a “new-old” lampshade with your own hands in a couple of hours. Pick up decorations that match the color, coat the fabric with PVA glue, paste the decorations. To complete the image, you can collect pendants from beads and beads that are attached to the lower rim, but this is already hard work. Although the effect is interesting.

You can sew a new fabric shade. But it is not necessary to make it an updated copy of the old. It should include fantasy! If a lamp or a floor lamp stand in the girls' room, a new cover on the lampshade can be made in the form of a skirt. The style of the skirt you choose. It looks interesting in the fold. With and without ruffles.

In the boy's room, you can use the old geographical map. They are on thick paper. If the paper is not dense enough, you first need to stick the card on the cardboard, and then glue the lampshade from such a blank.

Original ceiling can be obtained if the finished frame braid threads or ropes. Ropes can be natural. In this case, they are gray, brown, beige. You can find thin synthetic colored cords. Of them get more "fun" in color products. Even easier is the case with knitting yarn. They are thin, thick, textured, with a smoothly changing color. In general, the weight options.

We take the skeleton and follow it in a definite pattern. You can start with the racks. Tie each rack with a pigtail (the length of the threads should be 3 times more than the height of the rack). When this work is finished, we begin to pull the thread / rope between the racks. They will need to pass through the braids, so that with the threads it is more convenient to do this with the help of a needle, and the ropes can be pushed and so.

The second option is to first horizontally entangle the entire frame, and then braid the stands. Pigtail here will not work, you just need to incline the stitches with a certain inclination of the turns on the stand. This version is slightly simpler to perform, but the "pigtails" look more decorative.

Homemade ceiling without frame

Many materials are tough enough to keep their shape on their own and, at the same time, they are plastic enough to make something interesting out of them. There are a lot of self-made lamp shades. And almost all of them are worth your attention. We give here only a part, the other part will go to the section with photos (see below).

From knitted lace napkins

Many people have crocheted napkins and they lie in “zagashniki”, since it is a pity to throw them away, and they don’t know how to use them. There is a very interesting idea - to make a lamp shade for the chandelier on the hanger. In addition to napkins, you will need a big balloon or an inflatable ball, glue for heavy wallpaper (vinyl, silk screening, etc.), a brush.

Soak the glue according to the instructions, wait until it swells. Inflate the ball or take the ball, hang. When the glue is ready, lay a napkin on some clean surface, coat it with glue, lay it on the ball.

It is necessary to lay out with such a condition that the hole for the cartridge will remain in the center. One by one we glue napkins. They should be laid out so that the edges overlap a little. When all the napkins are laid, once again we coat them with glue and leave to dry. When the glue is dry, blow off the ball or the ball (the ball can be pierced, if not sorry) and remove it through the hole. That's it, the lace lampshade is ready.

In some cases, there are problems with how to hang the finished lampshade on the cartridge. The problem is solved simply - take a transparent plastic bottle, cut off the neck of it, if necessary, expand the hole to the desired size (so that it is tightly mounted on the cartridge), then cut off the plastic so that the ring is 5-7 cm wide. and from the inside of the ball you glue to the lampshade.

Round ceiling of the thread

Almost the same technology can be used to make round and semi-circular stylish ceiling lamps. Choose threads of the right color. Their composition is absolutely unimportant - color, thickness and texture are important. They can be wooly, smooth, twisted, thinner and thicker. Appearance depends on it. The most convenient way to work with cotton threads of medium thickness. They absorb glue well and then, after drying, perfectly keep their shape.

You will still need a ball or a ball. This will be the base of the lampshade that sets the shape. Basis sizes are selected at will. The threads will need to glue, for this you need PVA glue. It is poured into a container, diluted with water in a ratio of 1: 1.

You can use another glue. It is important that it becomes transparent after drying. These are WB-29 from TYTAN Professional and D2 glue for joinery. If you use any of these types of glue, read the instructions.

On the ball or ball draw a circle, which in size will be slightly less than the lamp holder. From the opposite side, draw a larger circle - this will be the lower edge of the ceiling. Now everything is ready, we can proceed.

We glue the threads with thread and wrap them on the ball in a chaotic manner. It is more convenient to do this if the glue is poured into the container - there you can drop the whole hank, and just slowly pull the thread. With glue in a tube, everything is not so comfortable: you have to coat parts up to a meter long, wind them up, miss them again. The time it takes is much longer. This is if you do not use PVA. But on the other hand, the products are more rigid and do not sag, do not change shape with time, as can happen with the thread shades on the PVA.

When winding threads on the ball, carefully go around the circles drawn. If you accidentally climbed into the "forbidden area", simply move the thread, forming a smooth (more or less even) edge. When the threads run out or you decide that the density is enough, the process can be stopped. The edge of the thread refills between others. Everything. Then the ball with the wound threads is again coated with glue (PVA can be watered) and left to dry (at least 2 days). To prevent the ball from rolling, we find a bowl or pot and use it as a stand.

The last stage - blow the ball or ball. If the ball has a nipple, push it with a thin wire, releasing the air. Lowered ball out. That's all, you can thread the lamp inside and experience the lampshade.

The technology is the same, but the appearance is very different ...

According to the technology described above, not only round canopies can be made. Rectangular, triangular, trapezoidal. Choose a base that is easy to remove, winding up threads, tape, even sticks, newspaper tubes, etc. soaked in glue. After drying, remove the base and now, you made your own lampshade. A couple of examples in the photo below.

And you can also use sticks ... Only wrap the ball with cling film and use not PVA glue, but transparent joiner's

This is a pasty polymer clay in a tube, which was applied to a milk bag, then dried and the bag was removed ...

Creative homemade ceiling for lamps, floor lamps and chandeliers

You just wonder what only people do not do beautiful and unusual things. Ceiling light from a cup, grater, bottle, beer or glass jar, metal parts and rings from beer cans ... It seems you can use everything ...

Got old slides and cameras? Make a unique lamp for the photographer!

Candlesticks are turned into lamps ... without lampshades

You can't say in life, but these ceiling lamps are made of hooks that open metal cans for beverages and canned goods ... if you paint them, it will be even more interesting.

Not sure what to do with the grandmother's crystal? Make the ceiling of it ...

The chandelier is a fairly expensive item, but not technologically sophisticated. In any case, production processes that could not have been carried out at home are almost not required for the manufacture of a chandelier, or they can be replaced with similar manual, visual and reliable ones giving the same effect.

Lovers of their own hands have made and make a lot of ceiling lamps of general lighting (and this is what chandeliers are), which have no analogues in a wide sale and sometimes have a very extravagant appearance, see, for example, fig. Hope and reader, we hope not to occupy. However, unfortunately, in the placer of images of self-made chandeliers on the Internet, samples that meet the requirements of safety engineering and lighting engineering of residential premises are rare. Rather, very rarely.

This article is primarily concerned with how to make the chandelier itself technologically and lighting. There is nothing particularly difficult here; it is something like a Moliere's character, which, it turns out, all his life spoke prose. But some of the basics to know does not hurt. Moreover, the original harmonious design (which is not left out) also requires a solid foundation, otherwise what beauty to keep?

Note: for example, how to make a chandelier in the living room with your own hands at home, see the video below. By design, it will go to the interior of any style that accepts clear forms, and this is a very wide range, from Mandarin Chinese to fusion.

Video: do-it-yourself chandelier


  Therefore, the subtleties of the design and construction of the main lighting and at the same time decorative elements of the chandelier are; frame / lamp posts, which are also important as parts of the overall design -. On the general lighting design of residential premises is also not superfluous to know. And in this article we will deal with the fact that they all have in common, plus the electrical part:

  • Lighting and construction - the very beginning for domestic premises;
  • Electrical fittings, mainly in terms of safety;
  • What to do lighting fixtures, with emphasis on the possibility of making of scrap materials;
  • Features of chandeliers for residential premises for various purposes;
  • The choice of light sources for a particular chandelier.

Note:  for those who doubt what the depths here are, let it be known - self-made fixtures are firmly held in the top ten for household electrical injuries, fire danger and as a cause of blurred vision, especially in children.

Why not be afraid?

  Wood and woodwork. Looking at the figured wooden details of industrial-made chandeliers, it seems that it is impossible to reproduce them at home. Meanwhile, a completely elaborate frame of a chandelier can be made of wood in a day or two with your own hands in the kitchen or on the balcony.

The fact is that wood, when heated throughout the mass up to 150-250 degrees, softens and bends, and when cooled, it retains its shape. It is possible to heat a piece of wood to such a temperature without charring with a building hairdryer. Only you need to remember to pre-drill the axial holes (for example, for the wiring of an electrical cable), it will be impossible in an already curved part.

Note:  it is easiest to bend hot wood, light or medium density, of thin layer — birch, maple, ash, linden. Bamboo and some tropical tree bends are generally heated to 90-100 degrees by steaming in water vapor. MDF due to the homogeneity of its structure bends very well and accurately, but requires more heat.

Finally, a quite elegant wooden chandelier can be made of non-bent details: modern light sources make it possible to implement such a solution. Then the ceiling lamp is made in the form of a chandelier-ceiling, see below.

What to look for?

On the old Soviet chandeliers and generally household lamps. The USSR, as we know, was a very ambiguous phenomenon, which was especially clearly expressed in Soviet consumer goods. If you have an old home chandelier of the “soviet” production lying around in the closet, then its light-scattering / light-transmitting parts are probably made of high-quality glass, and the porcelain / faience decorative ones are made of the same quality material. Let 1 "horn" of 4-5 broken, remaining on a new homemade chandelier is enough. Is the paint peeling? Now on sale there are any washes and excellent acrylic enamels. Part of the "pendants" lost? Of the others, you can also build something very beautiful, there would be an invention and taste.

Lighting and vision

Approximately 10 years ago the throughput according to the information of the optic nerve was measured quite accurately. It was 5-6 times less than the amount of information in the picture, which the optical system of the eye draws on the retina, and the scientists finally had to recognize as a fact: somewhere in the eye lurks something like a video processor. Suspicions about its presence arose even 200 years ago, because Certain visual illusions do not depend on the physical and mental state of the subject. We had to admit, but now it is a certainty that the picture in the brain does not come in raw, but somehow processed. From the point of view of lighting engineering and the influence of the nature of lighting on health and well-being, this fact is also important: a good lamp should give light not only bright enough, but even, soft, allowing to clearly distinguish parts of different colors and not tiring eyes.

Note:  we remind the reader that a photoreceptor of 2 types - sticks and cones - removes a picture on the retina. The first ones are the most sensitive, but they perceive only the general brightness, therefore at night all cats are sulfur. Cones of 3 types, perceive separately red (R), green (G) and blue (B) areas of the color spectrum. Also recall that the eye is most sensitive to green rays, somewhat less to red and least of all to blue.

Light source spectra

The least tiring for the eye is light with a continuous spectrum, pos. 1 in pic: All visible parts of the object are more or less evenly illuminated. If the spectrum is limited, then those that do not fall into it are simply not visible. The eye processor does not need to “draw something”, and it is this that tires the eyesight and spoils it most of all.

The fact is that for the “drawing” of a poorly distinguishable optics of the eye must constantly and often refocus, and the photo-receiving system changes its accommodation, i.e. overall sensitivity level. This procedure is in some way similar to the elaboration of details in Photoshop by normalizing the levels and “pulling up” tonkrivyh, but who know how to do this, they know: initially very sluggish picture, if you absolutely need to “pull” the details, coarsens to “torn”. And if we are talking about our own vision, the brain eventually begins to understand the “tearing” as the norm, and accordingly adjusts the muscles of the eye and the algorithms of the visual processor, which leads to visual impairments.

Unfortunately, from light sources that are suitable for safety requirements for living conditions, only incandescent lamps, ordinary and halogen, give a continuous spectrum. First of all, they are uneconomical according to modern requirements. Secondly, their spectra are thermal and therefore have a strong obstruction in the blue region. That is, the correct color perception with such lighting is impossible to achieve.

However, incandescent lamps in household lamps are quite applicable: for millions of years of evolution, the human eye has been accustomed to itself allow for yellowness, and visual impairment with such lighting is possible only from its insufficient or excessive brightness. As for the sodium lamps, which shine only in the yellow area, their light is also harmless for vision, but there is no need to speak of any adequate color perception.

Almost perfect color reproduction allows, at the minimum possible visual fatigue, to achieve a synthetic, or additive spectrum, pos. 2. The eye processor does not need to over-exaggerate: the tops of the R, G and B zones go beyond the optimum level of illumination a little with this overall brightness, and at their junctions restoring full detail requires simple addition of partial (private) images in corresponding colors. As a result, the overall white level is almost linear and the details of any color are clearly visible, and the gray tones smoothly transform into each other.

And again, unfortunately: The additive spectrum is provided only by screens of good cathode ray tubes (kinescopes). Fluorescent lamps (housekeepers) with a 3-4-layer phosphor, some samples of LED illuminators and TFT-screens, but very far from a complete solution of the problem, are getting close to it slowly, but surely. That is why graphic designers, photographers and artists working at a computer, experienced and cared about their vision (which in this case is also the main work tool), stubbornly cling to the “pipe” displays, buying professional products for frantic prices or looking for used ones tube sitting down.

Note:  Light from sources with an additive spectrum is usually called extremely soft. In nature, extremely soft lighting is morning in light cloud cover, when the sun's disk shines through the clouds a little.

In everyday life, the acceptable softness of light is achieved by its sources with an island spectrum, pos. 3. It looks like 3 continuous limited ones, but this is the case when quantity turns into quality: having seen 3 zones of primary colors, the eye will definitely try to examine, and what is between them. In the gaps between the islands, something else can be seen, albeit at the level of illumination, which is substantially less than optimal for a given accommodation. The peaks of the islands are also quite high up, but also within acceptable limits.

The island spectrum is provided by most housekeepers and good LED lamps; how to distinguish them immediately upon purchase from, let's say, not very good ones, see further in the section on illuminators. It is undesirable to work with such light in such work that requires eye strain, but it is possible to read / write 3-4 hours a day.

The island spectrum has 2 important features for household lighting. The first is that it can be significantly mitigated using light-shaping devices, see below. The second - the “tails” of red and blue do not go to the IR (infrared) and UV (ultraviolet) areas, and to the borders of the visible spectrum fall to black. Therefore, if the details of some color in the island lighting are poorly visible, increase the overall brightness - only harm the eyesight. In such a case, it is necessary to use local incandescent lighting or housekeepers / LEDs of a different color temperature, their spectrum islands will be located differently.

The most detrimental to the spectrum - line, pos. four. In it, firstly, the very narrow zones of primary colors do not overlap. Secondly, to create a sufficient overall brightness, it is necessary to “pick up” the peaks of the lines, especially the blue, above the maximum allowable. The light seems to be not very bright, but it cuts eyes. Everything in general is seemingly seemingly good, but the details are lost somewhere and can’t be seen at all, even if my eyes are bursting.

This light is called extremely hard. It is provided by cheap LED lamps and individual housekeeper models with 1-layer phosphor. It is not possible to soften it with light conditioners, since in the dips between the lines nothing is lit up. With long-term use of such light, it is possible to develop not only myopia / hyperopia, but also various disturbances in color perception (the eye processor is over-exaggerated, trying to make out the invisible), and even retinal detachment.

Electrical fittings

Violation of the rules of TB, most often entailing undesirable consequences, in the independent production of chandeliers - hanging them for electrical cable: its end is passed into the bulb holder, tied in a knot, and this is how it all rests on weight. A chandelier, even the lightest, needs to be hung on a separate brace, rigid or flexible.

The hard suspension of the chandelier is known to everyone: it is a tube into which the cable is stretched. Traditional flexible suspension - chain; the cable in this case passes through the links. Now there are also special chandelier cables for sale, in addition to the 3 wires under the common sheath there is also a strong suspension cord. It must be brought out and fastened in 2 places: at the top to the hook and at the bottom to the frame of the chandelier, otherwise the cord will eventually crawl out and the chandelier will hang on the wires. When hanging the cable on a separate cord, it is necessary to circle around it with several turns (and not vice versa!) And fasten the ends of the “snake” with tape or, not tightly, soft thread.

Emergency situations with chandeliers most often occur at the point of entry of wires into the lamp holdertherefore, the cartridges also need to be fixed to the frame separately. The most suitable for this is an E17 cartridge under a minion lamp (a candle lamp) with a screw clamp for the fixing lamella (indicated by an arrow in position 1 in fig.). If the frame is made of tubes, the lamellas are obtained by flattening their ends. To the wooden frame, lamellae made from a strip of steel with a thickness of 1-1.5 mm and a width of 10 mm can be attached with small self-tapping screws.

E17 cartridges with end clamp (shank), pos. 2, for the home master less convenient, because The clamp is fastened with a pair of nuts, under which the thread must be cut on the tube. If there is enough space in the chandelier, then it is better to use an E27 cartridge (normal, “plump”) with a side collar, pos. 4. Clamps, to obtain the desired orientation of the lamp, you can gently bend. And, finally, in the chandeliers with a single light bulb, it may be more convenient to have an E17 or E10 (supermignon) cartridge with eyelets for mounting, pos. 5, but the places where wires are connected to this should be carefully insulated.

Note:  Ordinary E27 bakelite cartridges can also be fixed rigidly, for this purpose there is a special thread in the opening fittings of their caps. But you need to have the same thread on the tube to which the cartridge is attached, and there are no hand taps for it.

About installation and connection

The chandelier of total power up to 60 W can be powered from the network with a cable with a cross-section of conductive wires of 0.35 square meters. mm; up to 120 W - 0.5 square meters. mm; up to 300 W - 0.75 sq. m. mm Use a double insulated 3-core cable. The ground wire (yellow with a long green stripe) is connected to the zero wire of the network, and the remaining 2 wires coming from the switches of the chandelier sections of the phase wires.

Note:  look for a phase using a control light, flipping switches, is unacceptable! It is necessary to use the indicator-phase indicator!

Connecting the wires to the lamp holder's lamp clips and the wiring of the chandelier in general is carried out below step by step in the following order:

  1. Make sure with the help of a phase indicator that there is no voltage on the wires and no one can accidentally click the switch. To do this, their levers can temporarily glue tape.
  2. From the ceiling ends of the cable, a temporary harness is made from the cable with the conductors not smaller than that of the standard section.
  3. They clean the ends of the standard wires of the chandelier, connect its common input to the temporary building. Do not forget to insulate the connections!
  4. Disassemble the cartridge.
  5. Insert the end of the cable into the chuck cover through the standard hole.
  6. Put on it the lock washer preventing casual pulling out from the boss. In extreme cases - tie the cable into a knot.
  7. Close up the exposed ends of the wires in the terminals. Stranded wires are rolled up before sealing and, preferably, tinned, so that the broken veins do not cause a short circuit (short circuit),
  8. Insert the terminal plate into the cover, placing it recesses on the corresponding protrusions in it.
  9. Check if there is a small cable loop under the cover and if it is not pulled out.
  10. While holding the terminal block, so as not to come off, the cartridge body is screwed onto the cover.
  11. At the end of the mounting section, the lamps are screwed in, checked by turning on the acc. the switch, whether burn exactly.
  12. Again, block the switches from accidentally turning on, remove the tarmac.
  13.   , connect its input to the ceiling ends.
  14. Check: it burns smoothly, does not blink - the installation is finished, you can use it.

Lighting fixtures

The light fixture of the chandelier (light-shaping system) firstly directs the light in a proper way for this type of room. Secondly, it softens it by reducing the surface brightness of the illuminator. And for light sources with an island spectrum, there is one more favorable circumstance.

In school and even general university courses in optics, in order not to confuse students too much, it is believed that when scattering, reflecting and refracting light, its frequency remains the same; This makes it possible to visually derive their basic laws. In fact, there are no completely linear media and a certain proportion of light quanta in these processes is reemitted, thereby changing its frequency and, therefore, color. That is, the "tails" of spectral islands receive a small brightness "make-up", which facilitates the work of the processor of the eye; this is tantamount to additional softening of the light.

Workflows

In the lighting fixtures of household lamps, mainly diffuse reflection and scattering of light is used. The mirror reflection is of little use, since by itself does not reduce the surface brightness and does not soften the light. Refraction in transparent media is widely used: crystal pendants not only give a pleasant play of light, but also significantly soften it without significant loss of luminous flux. And finally, in some cases, for example. in lamp shades of threads, a noticeable proportion of diffraction takes place in the formation of the light flux.

Note:  with diffraction and shadows, in general, be careful. The light in the room, which is to the left in the figure, can cause a nervous breakdown in an adult, and the prickly rays from the lamp on the right in the same place will not benefit the eyesight. Here is the fact that at the peaks of the diffraction pattern the intensity of light can be much higher than on the primary radiating surface.

Forming elements and systems

Mitigation of light and the formation of its required radiation pattern (DN), see below, using refraction in transparent media and / or mirror / total internal reflection requires a large number of such optical acts: in each of them the light loss is small, but the degree of light conversion is also small. flow because transparent media are therefore transparent because their non-linearity is manifested to an insignificant degree. Traditionally, this requires a lot of refractive elements with high optical properties; hence expensive or occasional. Now amateur craftsmen are helping out plastics: the original chandelier on refraction and reflections can be made entirely of waste material, see below. The shape of such chandeliers "air"; service life - 1-3 years.

If there are no crystal pendants available, you will need to use scattering and diffuse reflection. Light losses will be more, but in this case it is possible to do with improvised materials: it is enough to get only 1-3% of non-linear optical acts in the entire lighting system. An ordinary light meter with a set of light filters does not catch such a number of "left" quanta, but it is enough for the illumination of the dips between the islands of the spectrum to rise above the "bottom" of the accommodation range and the eye does not overwork.

At the heart of the light formers on the diffuse optical processes are 3 elements: the ceiling, lamp shade and diffuse reflector. Ceiling, pos. 1 in fig. - a cap made of ground glass or a material similar to it according to the optical properties. Out of the world it can come out only undergoing scattering. For the further formation of the luminous flux, the optical properties of the room do not matter or have very little.

Lampshade, pos. 2, part of the primary light is released without conversion; not necessarily down. The softening of the primary light spot is achieved due to its illumination by diffused light reflected from the walls and ceiling, therefore the optical properties of the room are essential in this case. They become decisive for the diffuse reflector, pos. 3, however, this lighting system by changing the degree of transparency of the reflector (s), their size, configuration and location allows you to create different NAM.

Light chandelier systems are built, as a rule, by combining elementary drivers. For example, in pos. 4 - a well-known chandelier from staggered concentric lampshades, complemented by a small almost flat canopy. At first glance, the light loss in it should be great, but remember: to illuminate the school gym area of ​​approx. 400 square meters. m and with a ceiling height of 6 m lacked uneconomic incandescent bulbs for a total power of 800-1200 watts.

Among the new light systems are chandeliers, ceiling lamps, pos. 3. They are named so because they are both shades and lighting, and architectural ceiling, see photo. The essence of this type of optics is that in the trap chamber the primary quanta experience multiple reflections and the light comes out much softer.

Materials for lighting systems

On the purchase of chandeliers made of glass or special plastics, you can notice that:

  • Glass should be selected as mirror, colorless or pure white at the scrape.
  • Under any light sources, except incandescent bulbs, it is better to take optical parts that are not frosted from the surface, but in bulk, so called. dairy, the desired degree of transparency.
  • It is undesirable to use acrylic computer disks in light systems: a translucent metal layer in them absorbs light only to no avail, and an almost completely transparent and colorless optical acryl does not noticeably transform the luminous flux.

Good homemade chandeliers come from food PET bottles. The refractive index and transparency of PET (polyethylene terephthalate) are quite high, which makes it possible, with small light losses, to achieve a significant softening of the light. PET bottles are available in various colors and translucent, so that the chandelier can be built on the basis of both refraction and overgrowth, and diffuse processes.

In addition to cheapness and availability, a significant advantage of PET is the ease of processing at home and, in capable hands, good decorative qualities. For example, how to make flowers from bottles, see the master class on the link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8TXXoiTLhVA

Floral decoration will not only decorate the chandelier, but, due to the increase in the number of refractive surfaces, will significantly improve its lighting technology. There are other options for optically useful and beautiful decor of plastic bottles, but we leave them for articles about lampshades.

Other plastics for chandeliers with household lamps are also suitable as reflectors. For them, you need to take the material as whiter and slightly rough or with satin gloss. Translucent parts from household plastics are not very good, because as a filler, chalk or talc with coloring additives is used most often. Light losses in such will be great, and softening of the light - only due to a drop in surface brightness. Use preferably propylene, because PVC from the light pretty soon turns yellow and becomes fragile.

The second is a very good and affordable material for the optical system of the chandelier - paper. If the lamp is light-emitting diode, then a chandelier made of paper with it will last for several years: the paper turns yellow and loses light transmission from heat and UV exposure, which the LED lamps almost do not give at all.

The light transmission of the paper component of the chandelier is selected by choosing a material of appropriate density, from 20 to 220 g / sq. m. The reflective properties of modern writing paper are almost flawless: with a whiteness coefficient below 0.8-0.85, it is simply not available. By the way, some smart manufacturers operate with whiteness ratios of 1.05 and even 1.15. By what measurement method do they reach the superunit values, which in principle cannot be greater than 1, who knows. But from the point of view of physics, this is a ridiculous absurdity: he put such a leaf in front of a mirror, between them - a solar battery, once he shone a flashlight, here's a perpetual motion machine of the second kind. Or the fertile topic of discussions in the forums of technomists. What's wrong with that? Since KB\u003e 1, then a leaf of light and, accordingly, its energy emits more than it receives.

Note:  An incandescent bulb with a capacity of 60 watts can heat up to more than 100 degrees Celsius. Therefore, for chandeliers with shades, lampshades and reflectors made of plastic, fabric, textiles and threads you need to use incandescent lamps of not more than 40 watts, and halogen lamps - up to 15-20 watts.

Video: a master class on making a chandelier from a rope or thread

Chandelier in the room

The main types of bottoms for illumination of domestic premises are shown in Fig. The cardioid is formed by the ceiling; it is light for small bedrooms, for children, for the hallways. The failure at the top is formed by the shade of the cap. Children's chandelier should be equipped with a spherical canopy, strongly, but without excessive light loss, diffuse light. Especially soft and, highly desirable, shadow-free lighting in the nursery is necessary so as not to harm the still weak eyesight. Therefore, the ceiling of a children's chandelier is best made from paper, and refracting materials for it should be avoided.

An eight-dimensional dna is obtained using several diffuse reflectors and a well-bleached ceiling, for example. drywall. Such light is needed in a fairly large living room with free space in the center, study, and other rooms where the zones are illuminated with local light sources.

The fan DN gives a simple lampshade, and the petal one, which is directed by the aperture (socket) upwards. Petal bottoms are characteristic of sconces, which are not quite in the subject, but chandeliers with fan-shaped bottoms fit into a small living room with a dining table in the center or into the kitchen. Especially for the latter: the light contributes to the deposition of vapors of organic substances and their bituminization in the liquid phase, so the ceiling here is not particularly illuminated to anything, let the potential soot go to the hood.

Note:  the most uniform illumination of the floor area with the minimum consumption of electricity for illumination gives so-called. cosecant square DN. However, it turns out with the help of very complex lighting fixtures, the walls and the ceiling need to be illuminated separately. It is mainly used for lighting large production areas, open spaces, sports facilities, etc.

Chandelier lamps

Not all manufacturers of household lighting lamps provide their spectral characteristics on sites and in specifications, therefore sellers often do not know them. As for the lamp-housekeepers, it’s easier for an uninformed buyer: the spectrum is unknown - take on the color temperature of 4300 K.  In the worst case, we get a continuous limited spectrum. He will not give a look at the color postcard or illustration in the book in all its glory, but it does not hurt vision. Visually this light is almost white with a slight yellowness. The electric power rate of such lamps is 1.8-3.4 W per 1 square meter. m illuminated area  depending on the configuration and general tone of the room design.

Note: Fitolamps for shelves with flowers, greenhouses / greenhouses and aquariums can not be used for general lighting. Their spectrum is sharply ruled, it is useful for plants for photosynthesis, but not for humans to see.

LED lamps are selected, firstly, the color temperature of 2800-3300 Klittle yellow. For whites, the spectrum is usually ruled, which is immediately noticeable: their light cuts the eyes in a naturally well-lit trading hall. According to the visible design features, you should choose lamps-gobs with a matte bulb and its deep shank, pos. 1 in fig. If you liked the lamp "corn", then you need to be guided by the following signs of the poses. 2:

  • The LED assembly must be covered with a translucent bulb, this guarantees first of all the durability of the lamp. "Naked corn", with luminous structures under a protective film, is sensitive to contamination and general external influences.
  • The number of individual radiating structures must be at least 15-20.
  • "Head", i.e. shell-holder of radiating structures, should be transparent. Combined with prev. This condition will give a greater number of reflections inside the bulb, greater uniformity of the primary light and the best opportunities for the formation of luminous flux.

In order not to "get" on the line spectrum, you should also avoid imitations of globes and "corn" in the form of light bulbs with a transparent bulb, sitting directly on the base, and a small number of radiating structures, pos. 3. The illumination from them in a small room and visually turns out to be uneven, and the spectrum is often linear. Also for illumination of residential premises unsuitable LED lamps directional light, pos. 4. They are intended for auxiliary / service lighting and are harmful for prolonged use.

A chandelier in any room is no longer a device for lighting. It is no exaggeration to say that this is the piece of furniture that is the main decoration in any room.

Of course a do-it-yourself chandelier will be a particularly valuable thing. This will allow not only to highlight the special taste of the owners of the house, but also their creative mind.

Despite the fact that deciding to make a lampshade with your own hands for the chandelier will need to spend a lot of effort, because the process requires special concentration - surely the time of work cannot be considered wasted because the work will bring incredible pleasure and even a pleasant aftertaste will remain, and in the future repeat this kind of work again.

If you are thinking about how to make a chandelier, you probably have already seen that today you can use a variety of materials for this and sometimes quite unusual. For example, very often the chandelier ceiling is made of wood or glass.

However, if you want something more unbelievable, then you can also use cardboard, and wood skewers, and even wine bottles. The choice here depends solely on the ideas that the creator has, as well as on various kinds of wishes from apartment owners.

In addition, the chandelier of scrap materials must also necessarily be created taking into account the overall interior of the room.

Chandelier made of plastic spoons

Disposable spoons, which most people are accustomed to using exclusively for a picnic, can in fact also be one of the simplest and at the same time easily accessible materials for everyone to create an interesting version of the chandelier in any room.

If you look at a photo of a chandelier of this kind, you will be struck first of all by the variety of colors, and in the future it will be easy to understand that the material will last a long time.

In addition, in order to create such an interesting piece of interior, you will need a minimum of financial and material investments.

What materials will be needed?

  • Any empty plastic bottle. The only condition - its volume can not be less than five liters.
  • Any plastic spoons. Their number depends solely on the size of the future chandelier.
  • Glue that will allow to glue the plastic together.
  • Cartridge from the old, no longer working chandeliers.

The process of creating an original chandelier

Prepare a plastic bottle. First of all, you need to get rid of the label and the bottom, as well as how to dry it.

Remove plastic spoons and remove with a knife all the handles that are not needed. The only thing that needs to be done is to leave a couple of centimeters above the so-called “scoop” level.

Glue the blank to the base of the prepared bottle. On the "tail" that remained, you need to apply as much glue as possible and then press it to the surface.

It is very important to continue in this way to cover the entire bottle directly in a circle until such time as the entire prepared perimeter is “occupied” with plastic spoons.

It is best to arrange them in a classic chess order and move a little together.

Thus it will be possible to reduce the number of "free spots" to a minimum.

  • From the old cooked chandelier cover is removed and placed in a dried bottle.
  • If there is a desire, the decorative can often be made in the same way.

That's all. It remains only to install the chandelier in the chosen place, and also to check its work by connecting it to the power supply.

Another interesting chandelier is a chandelier with decorative butterflies. It is worth noting that having gone to almost any master class for making chandeliers, designers always suggest learning how to create it, which is not surprising, since it is able to fit perfectly into almost any interior room.

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Besides the fact that this option looks really luxurious and expensive, it can be done even by a child with the help of an adult, so its popularity can be easily explained.

DIY chandelier photo

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