Today, tropical fruit crops are of increasing interest to lovers of exotic. But if a lemon or pomegranate is easy to grow from a stone, then there are certain difficulties in growing a pineapple.
The seeds of this plant is not easy to get.There is a way to get pineapple from the top of the fruit bought in the store.. At the same time, a full-fledged pineapple grows, which, if properly cared for in apartment conditions, can even bear fruit.
In the article you will learn how to properly plant and grow a pineapple at home from the top.
Pineapple types for growing at home and plant description
Pineapple is a perennial evergreen plant of the Bromeliad family. In the wild, it grows in tropical regions of South America. In many countries, cultivated as a fruit crop in the open field and in greenhouses.
Pineapple stalk heavily shortened. The plant forms a powerful basal rosette of leaves. Its height can reach 1 m, and the diameter - up to 2 m. When flowering from the center of the rosette, a long peduncle is formed with many flowers gathered in inflorescence. At the top of the inflorescence, a small rosette of pritsvetkovyh leaves.
Consider whether it is possible to grow pineapple at home.
There are 8 types of pineapple. For growing in room culture, all its species can be used, but usually growers in amateur growers 3 varieties:
- Pineapple krupnokhoholkovy;
- Pineapple bract;
- Pineapple Pineapple.
Pineapple krupnokhoholkovy - the most common form for growing indoors. This is a large plant that, growing, occupies a large area.
Suitable for maintenance in apartments only at a young age. Adult pineapples are used for landscaping large rooms and greenhouses.
Pineapple bract has long up to 90 cm dark green leaves with a pink shade and a bright border. Its fruits are colored reddish. Fruits in the apartment is extremely rare.
Pineapple Pineapple in appearance it practically does not differ from the pineapple of high-crested. In room culture, its compact dwarf form, specially bred for planting small rooms, is common. In dwarf pineapple leaves do not exceed 30 cm in length.
Pineapple Selection
For growing in the apartment is suitable ripe fruit with a green tip. It should not be green or overripe. Its surface must have a golden color and be intact.
Spots or rotten patches on fruit and leaves are not allowed.. Top leaves should be resilient, without flaws.
It is better to buy the fruit for planting at the beginning of autumn so that it does not turn out to be frozen. Pineapples sold in winter often have frost-damaged leaves. Such a top will not grow and disappear.
Pruning
With a ripe pineapple fruit, cut the top with leaves with a sharp knife.
Before this, it is better to remove 1-2 rows of lower leaves so that the trunk is bare, and then cut the resulting stump near the fruit itself.
Pineapple must not have flesh after pruning. Slice rubbed with activated carbon. After that, the seedling is preferably dried for several days, but not more than a week.
Top Rooting
Dried stalk can immediately be planted in a separate pot filled with soil. But when rooting in the ground there is always the risk of rotting the cutting. It is better to take root those cuttings that already have roots when planting in the ground.
Pineapple seedling is recommended to be rooted first in water. To do this, put it in a glass jar so that the lower cut of the cutting is in water at a depth of 4 cm.
Water for rooting is best to take boiled. The stalk in the water is placed in a dark place, water is changed every 2 days.
Soon roots appear on the underside of the seedling. Now it can be planted in the ground.
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Plant pot
For planting the cuttings of pineapple fit ordinary flower pot.
The material of its manufacture does not matter, you can take a ceramic or plastic container.
Pineapple pot should not be very large: for a start, its diameter should be about 15 cm.
Later, when the plant's root system grows, the pineapple needs to be transplanted into a larger container.
Also should not be too high or very wide. Choose a container with a diameter that is approximately equal to its height.
Pineapple Soil
A mixture of peat, humus and coarse sand in equal parts is suitable as a soil for planting a pineapple cutting. You can use and purchased soil mixtures.
In flower shops you can buy soil for plants of the bromeliad family. This mixture is ideal for growing pineapple, as this plant belongs to the same family.
Drainage for pineapple must be laid, as this plant does not tolerate stagnant water in the ground and quickly rots.
As a drainage for pineapple use river pebbles, expanded clay or brick chips.
Planting pineapple
Before planting pineapple at home, 2 days before planting the cutting in the ground, a drainage layer 3 cm thick is laid on the bottom of the pot, and the soil mix is poured on top. After that, the soil is disinfected: you can pour it with boiling water or a solution of pink manganese.
2 days after the disinfection of the pot, they start planting the cutting. It is removed from the water, and the lower part, along with the roots, is instilled in a pot so that the cutting is immersed in the ground to the leaves.
If a pineapple stalk is planted without roots, it is simply stuck into the ground to the bottom of the leaves.
Both rooted and unrooted cuttings should be placed under plastic or glass jars to create a stable, moist atmosphere.
Cuttings that already have roots can be kept under the film for 1-2 weeks, until they take root and their roots do not grow.
Unrooted cuttings are kept under the film until they take root. This usually occurs 1-1.5 months after planting.
In the process of rooting cuttings of pineapple you need to keep the soil moistHowever, it should not be poured. Cuttings under the film should be in a bright place without direct sunlight. The temperature for rooting pineapple is maintained within 22-25ºС.
Plant Care
Rooted tops of pineapples gradually accustom to the humidity of room air. First, they are opened for 2-3 hours a day, then for a longer time. After 1-2 weeks, the film is removed.
Water young plants moderately. It is necessary to ensure that the soil in the pots is not very wet, but only wet.
It should be remembered that any stagnation of water is destructive for this plant.
Feed the pineapple every 2 months with complex liquid fertilizers.
A year after planting, the young pineapple needs to be transplanted into a more spacious pot.
Pineapple likes high humiditytherefore air needs to be moistened by means of a spray near a plant. In winter, when heating is on, the plant must be removed from the radiators and regularly sprayed.
Pineapple blossom
When grown outdoors, pineapple blooms at the age of 4. The length of its leaves is at least 60 cm. In the greenhouse and room culture, flowering occurs much later. Often in a residential environment the plant does not bloom at all.
Under favorable growing conditions, the pineapple throws a powerful peduncle about 60 cm long from the middle of the leaf rosette.
At the end of the inflorescence is formed from a variety of red-purple flowers. Flowering lasts up to 2 weeks. Artificial pollination of flowers is not required. Fruit ripening lasts up to 200 days.
Very often it is not possible to achieve natural flowering of room pineapple.. But you can try to stimulate this process with acetylene water.
For its manufacture you need to dissolve a small piece of calcium carbide in 1 liter of water at room temperature. At the same time, acetylene gas is actively released. After the end of its selection, the water must be filtered. It can be stored in a refrigerator in a tightly closed jar for 2 days.
To stimulate flowering, 50 g of acetylene water at room temperature is poured into the center of the leaf outlet. This is done during the week. After stimulation, pineapple blooms in 1.5-2 months.
Features of growing
- Each pineapple fruit has a tuft of pritsvetkovyh leaves. This is a vegetative shoot from which it is very easy to get a young plant. Also, this plant is propagated by root processes. But for this it is necessary to have an adult and already fruiting plant.
- Slightly acidic soil is suitable for plants, alkaline environment is unacceptable. Therefore, in no case should ash or ash be added to the soil mixture, and the acidity of the finished soil should be checked.
- Soil for disembarking pineapple shed with boiling water for disinfection. Recommend it also steamed under the foil at a temperature of 80-90 ºС. Steaming kills most pathogenic bacteria, fungi and pests.
- Pineapple pot should be wide and shallow. Its ideal shape when the height is equal to the diameter. When planting, it is necessary to lay a thick drainage layer on the bottom. Its thickness should be equal to 1/3 of the height of the pot. This is done to eliminate stagnant moisture in the soil.
- After rooting the tuft and its planting, the first month the pineapple barely grows.. But its root system greatly increases. At this time it is necessary to spray it daily with warm water.
- Under optimal conditions, a pineapple grown from a tuft can bloom as early as the 3rd year of life. If there is a sufficiently adult plant, and flowering does not occur, it is stimulated with acetylene water.
- The resulting fruit ripens long enough. It is cut off when it acquires an intense yellow color. If it overrides and begins to darken, it loses its taste.
Useful video
Now you know how to plant and grow a pineapple from the top of the house.
– this amazing tropical plant hails from the tropics of South America. In Europe, it began to grow in greenhouses, creating the necessary climate conditions.
But with a little effort, growing pineapple can be done even at home. And after a while this interesting plant will amaze us with its appearance and fruits.
Pineapple: plant description
– it is a herbaceous plant with a stem in its center. In the center of the stem, at the top - inflorescence, which after fertilization turns into fertility.
Outwardly, it can be seen that separate parts of the seed berries grow together into one fruit - pineapple. The stem is surrounded by a rosette - fleshy and thick leaves.
Pineapple fruit has an oval, cylindrical shape, consists of several numerous small parts fused together. At the top there is a rosette of leaves.
The dense scaly sheath of a ripe fruit has a dark green, yellow, brown, or even reddish tint. Inside the fruit - bright yellow flesh. It has a pleasant taste and good aroma. The ripened fruits of pineapple reach a weight of 4-5 kg.
What conditions does pineapple need for successful growth?
Pineapple, when grown at home, is very picky about the conditions that will be created for its successful ripening. Since it is a tropical plant, it is extremely important to maintain proper lighting, temperature and humidity.
Lighting
Pineapple must be at least 6 hours a day, regardless of the time of year, be in a well-lit place. In summer, the plant can be taken out on the balcony or in the garden, in a moderately lit place. In the cold season, the pineapple must be kept on the south side, in order to obtain even sunlight.
The plant should not be rotated, because it can slow growth, it is enough and one-sided lighting. If the time of year and weather conditions do not allow to provide sunlight, then the pineapple can be highlighted with additional lighting - fluorescent lamps. Only it is worth considering that when using lamps pineapple should receive coverage of at least 8 hours a day.
Air temperature and humidity
Pineapple is very afraid of the cold. If in the summer it is quite satisfied with the ambient temperature, then during the winter time it is worthwhile to foresee methods for preserving heat in the room and soil of the plant. It should not be kept on a cold floor or windowsill, in winter it is best to maintain a soil temperature of 18 - 21 ° C, the maximum temperature for the winter period is 27 ° C.
The plant should not be kept near the batteries and heaters, it is also necessary to provide for the absence of drafts. To maintain moisture, you must use a pot with wet drainage. You can spray the water around the plant, the leaves should not be sprayed, as water can accumulate inside the outlet and cause them to rot. They should be wiped from dust with a damp cloth.
How to plant a pineapple
Before you plant a pineapple at home, it is worth getting a ripe, fresh and healthy fruit for a start.
A good pineapple fruit should:
- Have a light sweet aroma.
- Have no external damage, the color should be uniform, golden brown.
- To the touch pineapple should be elastic. If the fruit is soft, then this means that it is overripe. If the fruit is hard, then, on the contrary, immature.
- The leaves at the top must be fresh, green with slightly dried edges - this is an important sign of the maturity of the fruit. If there are gray spots, it means that the leaves are damaged by the insects, and the use of such a fruit should be discarded.
Observing the following rules, we will be able to grow a good pineapple at home, which will delight us with its unusual look and will bear fruit in the future.
Separation of the tuft of fruit
To separate the crown of leaves from pineapple can be quite simple. It is necessary to clasp all the leaves with your hand and turn it very carefully, as if unscrewing the bottle cap. If everything worked out correctly, you should have in your hand a crown of leaves with a small stem below.
If you are worried that you may not be able to do everything carefully, you should use a knife. Knife need to cut off the top crown of pineapple and cut out the whole pulp to prevent rotting.
Preparing the crown for root germination
It is necessary to remove a few lower leaves with a knife to expose the trunk, from which we will grow roots. After trimming the leaves and cleaning the trunk, leave our future pineapple to dry for a couple of days to prevent the scars and leaves from rotting after pruning.
Then the dried crown should be placed in a transparent dish with water so that it covers the bare trunk of our plant. Water should be at room temperature. Place the dishes in a bright place on the windowsill. It is necessary to closely monitor the water level, periodically changing the water. If done correctly, the pineapple will take root in 3 - 4 weeks.
Planting pineapple in the ground
After the roots have grown 3-4 cm, pineapple can be planted in the ground. For the initial planting, it is better to use a small pot with a hole for water flow, suitable in size to our crown. At the bottom of the pot stack 3-centimeter layer of drainage, you can use expanded clay.
It is necessary to fill a pot with the friable, nutritious earth. After filling the ground, it is recommended to pour hot water into the ground. After that, you can land our plant. Planting should be 5-6 cm deep, after planting it is good to pour the pineapple with warm water. You need to put the plant in a bright and warm place. Pineapple rooted for 2-3 months. 
Important! An important sign that the pineapple caught on - the emergence of new leaves.
In the future, the first leaves will wither and die off, but in their place new green shoots will begin to grow. Old leaves need to be carefully cut and removed. Grown pineapple should be watered once a week with warm water. After a year of growth, the pineapple is again transplanted into a larger pot.
You still need to put a drainage layer on the bottom, this time you can use gravel. Soil should be used from a mixture of two parts of peat, one part of river sand and three parts of natural soil. In winter, the growth of pineapple slows down, but you should not worry: with the onset of the warm period, it will begin to grow abundantly, only for this you need to feed the soil.
Did you know? If there is a possibility, during the primary and secondary planting of the pineapple it can be placed under a polyethylene cap for 2-3 weeks to create the conditions of a tropical climate and better plant survival.
Pineapple Care Rules
Watching our pineapple grow at home, we see that pineapple is a very thermophilic plant. It should be watered, but water should be prevented from stagnating. It also needs periodic top dressing of the soil.
Do I need to water the pineapple?
The soil in the pot with pineapple should not dry out, but the water should not stagnate. Therefore, an adult plant should be plentifully watered once a week with warm water.
If the plant is in the open air, then its leaves should be sprayed: they will absorb moisture, and the rest will evaporate. During the period of active growth, watering pineapple can be changed: water twice a week, but reduce the amount of water poured. It is best when the water passes through the drainage completely and flows out.
If there is a swamp smell in the pot or mold appears on the soil, then it should be replaced as soon as possible, otherwise the plant may die.
Important! The pineapple root system is very small, so a 3-4-liter pot is enough for an adult plant.
Top dressing of an exotic plant
During the growing season, pineapple needs to be fed twice a month. A good fertilizer will be ordinary cow's humus. You can also make a complex of mineral fertilizers, which are sold in garden stores, but the dosage should be reduced by half, compared with other plants.
It is also necessary to spray the plant once a month with a 0.01% solution of ferrous sulfate. Alkaline fertilizers, lime and wood ash are not recommended for pineapple.
Secrets of the successful flowering of pineapple
In the natural environment, in order for the pineapple to bloom, it will take 26 months. At home, the flowering time may vary in different directions. When 16 months have passed, and the plant height will be more than 20 cm, you can count on the beginning of flowering. Pineapple blossoms according to the following description.
At the top of the trunk, a bud begins to form, it gradually rises upward on the stem that grows from the stem. A couple of months begins flowering and lasts literally two weeks. The flowers have a bright blue color. One flower opens for just one day. After it blooms, the last flower begins a period of fetal development.
The ripening period ranges from 3 to 7 months, it all depends on the growing conditions and pineapple varieties. 
It may happen that the pineapple has reached the right age and has developed normally, but does not bloom; in this case, the beginning of flowering can be stimulated. A water solution of ethylene will cope well with this task.
To prepare it, you need to take 1-2 teaspoons of calcium carbide and pour 0.5 liters of water. To maintain this solution in a closed vessel, then pour, filtering from the sediment. This solution should be made in 50-55 ml per week in the upper part of the leaves of the plant. After such stimulation, the pineapple should give a bud in 4-6 weeks. If this does not happen, it means that he has not yet matured or is sick.
Did you know? Pineapple is a herbaceous plant, so after fruiting it will die. But leave behind a few side shoots that can be used for further cultivation.
How to deal with pests and diseases of pineapple
Growing pineapple as a houseplant, we must be prepared for the fact that it, like other plants, can be attacked by pests. Also, with the incomplete observance of the rules of pineapple care, the plant may have certain problems. 
If the leaves start to dry out, it means that the plant is in a very hot or sunny place. It should be sprayed with water and rearranged to a cooler place. If the leaves begin to fade and curl up - the plant should be put on a lighter place.
If the stem of the plant rots - it is necessary to temper watering and stop it until the plant comes to its normal state.
Such pests can attack pineapple:
- . It affects the leaves of the plant, it can be removed with a cotton swab moistened in ethyl alcohol. Also, the plant should be treated with insecticide, which can be bought in garden stores.
- Mealy worm. Covers the leaves with a continuous film. You can remove by washing the leaves with soap and water, then treat with an emulsion of Karbofos.
- Root worm. It affects the root system. When it is detected, it is worth stopping watering and treating the soil with insecticidal preparations.
- Spider mite. Forms a thin web on the leaves, it must be removed with soapy water, moistened with soft water and treated with a light insecticide.
- Orchid aphid. A small insect that lives on the upper leaves of the plant and feeds on its juice. Finding aphids, the plant must be processed "Aktellikom."
- Honeydew. This is a sticky plaque formed by insect excretions. If it is found, the leaves should be washed with soapy water.
- Fungal diseases. Fungi are formed by fertilizing with nitrogen. If they occur, the plant must be treated with a fungicide.
How to propagate pineapple
Pineapple can be propagated with the help of daughter shoots, which are formed after the pineapple fruiting occurs. On average, one plant produces up to five shoots. Child shoots should be separated from the main part with a knife. They must reach a height of 15-20 cm and have their own roots.
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And even pineapples. It is pleasant to observe how a heat-loving miracle matures on its own window-sill, and it is especially pleasant to treat yourself as a reward for your work. The most amazing thing is that growing such plants is not much more difficult than, for example, growing orchids.
Of all the exotic fruit available for home cultivation, the most familiar are lemons and tangerines. As for pineapples, these beauties are not often seen in a flower pot.
How to grow pineapple at home in different ways
Growing pineapple from the top
For those who want to grow a pineapple on their own, you should know that it is better to start this process at the end of summer, in August or September. It is then that one can expect that pineapple bought in a store or on the market is suitable as planting material. It is better to take several fruits to increase the likelihood of successful rooting.
So, the fruit for planting material should be ripe, but not overripe, golden brown in color with bright green not too large leaves. They should not be gray spots, the presence of which indicates the defeat of the plant by the scarlet - for planting such fruits should not be used.
Pineapple head cut and peeled
Preparation crown for later landing:
- Cut the top of a pineapple, at a distance of 2-3 fingers from the leaves.
- The flesh is selected around the ring from the crust, not reaching the center, where a round island is left, from which the roots will later germinate.
- The lowest leaves are removed.
- The inside of the sprinkled with activated or wood charcoal, you can wipe with a very weak solution of potassium permanganate, so as not to start rot.
- The top of the pineapple is suspended for 2 weeks to dry slightly.
Sometimes the tops, planted 5 or 6 hours after treatment, successfully take root.
Planted crown is planted in a pot whose diameter is not much larger than the diameter of the seedling. At the bottom of the pot a layer of drainage, for example, expanded clay, is filled up. The soil may consist of a mixture of peat and sand, and you can buy ready-made earthen mixture for cacti.
The hole for planting do shallow up to 2.5 cm. It is recommended to pour a little crushed charcoal on its bottom. The ground should cover the seedling to the lower leaves and be tightly tamped. After planting, the plant is watered, covered with a plastic bag or glass jar and put in a warm and bright place.
Usually the sapling takes root within a month. All this time it needs to be watered and sprayed with warm water. After a month, the plant can be transplanted by transshipment into a larger pot.
Growing pineapple from tuft
You can simply unscrew the tuft of pineapple - it is separated from the fruit with a small stem. It is necessary to remove 3-4 bottom sheets to expose the base. So that the barrel does not rot, after cleaning, leave it to dry for several days.
Now we put pineapple tufts in glasses with water - this is the easiest and most reliable way, as practice has shown. Put the glasses on the windowsill to other colors.
Pineapple should be in the water only a couple of centimeters and not touch the bottom It is necessary to constantly add water, sometimes to change it completely - and after two or three weeks the roots will appear.
Good roots - you can plant in the ground As they become a couple of centimeters - we plant in the ground. About the composition of the soil has already been said, we bury the tuft of three centimeters into the ground, more precisely - all the exposed base.
Good drainage is required - so that the young plant does not rot. Loves pineapple wet ground, but you can not fill. Find a bright place for him, but not under the direct sun.
Pineapple will finally take root in one and a half to two months. This will be seen on the new leaves, which will appear in the center of the crest.
If you don’t see new leaves for more than two months, then the pineapple probably didn’t catch and it’s better to try planting a new one.
As new pineapple leaves grow, the old ones will turn brown and dry up - they need to be carefully cut. Their place will be taken by young leaves. Watering a young pineapple is rarely needed - once a week.
About a year later, the pineapple should be transplanted into a larger pot, adding soil for cacti. Be sure to good drainage of expanded clay, gravel - because the roots of pineapple do not like stagnant water and the plant can die from excess moisture.
Pineapple transplant in new pots In winter, the pineapple is a period of rest, and with the onset of spring, it begins to grow rapidly. If in the spring the pineapple does not grow, it means that it is urgently necessary to transplant with the change of land, since the soil is depleted.
When growing pineapple at home, you should follow certain rules of care - create this tropical plant suitable conditions for good growth and the formation of the fetus.
Pineapple care
Lighting and temperature
For a green pet to feel comfortable, it must be light and warm. Pineapple comes from the tropics and cold, especially frost does not tolerate at all. In the summer of room pineapple can be put on the balcony, take to the country. You need to place the plant under the canopy of trees so that the light is diffused. In the fresh air, it grows well. For good development of the plant, you need to keep it in a bright place for at least 6 hours a day at any time of the year.
In summer, pineapple loves to "walk" In the winter months, keep the pineapple always at home - better in the southern part for better lighting. Away from batteries, no drafts. Comfortable temperature for pineapple + 22-26 degrees.
Watering and fertilizer
Watering should be infrequent and abundant. The ground in the pot should be wet, but the stagnation of water should not be allowed, for this and need good drainage. On the one hand, the pineapple is adapted to droughts, and it can be watered once a week in winter, and during the growth period it is watered more often and more abundant.
In the summer it is very good to spray the leaves with water, it will be absorbed by the leaves, and the surplus will quickly dry outside. Do not do this at home, especially in the winter - the water will stagnate in the leaves and the plant may rot.
Feed the pineapple fertilizer only in the period of growth in the summer. And it should be done carefully, little by little. If you spray on the leaves, then make sure that the liquid fertilizer does not fall on the young leaves - they can get burned.
Pests and diseases
With good care and compliance with the rules of cultivation of indoor pineapple, it is almost not affected by pests. It can be affected by mites and mealybugs. It helps in the fight against them washing the leaves with soapy water, then rinse the leaves with clean water. With a strong defeat, you can use insecticides, breeding strictly according to the instructions.
Pineapple can ache with heart rot under the influence of fungus. At the diseased plant, the leaves in the center turn black and are easily removed from the trunk. You can save the plant - for this purpose, any fungicide is poured into the center. Over time, the plant will release a side shoot, and the old then gently cut.
Can I get pineapple fruit at home?
Sure you may. With careful care, the plant blooms after 2 or 3 years, and after the fruit ripens, it dies. But there are processes that can be used to grow new plants.
Ripe pineapple fruit When growing pineapple at home, the timing of flowering is difficult to predict, they can move in any direction. Usually at the age of one and a half months, when the flower grows to 25 cm in height, an inflorescence appears. From the crown grows a long stem, on top of which an inflorescence forms.
Pineapple blooms for two months and flowers appear for two weeks, every day. Bright blue flowers open only for days row by row - then wither. The fruit begins to develop after the last flower wilts. Pineapple fruit grows and ripens up to six months - it depends on the conditions and pineapple variety.
Home plants decorate the house, their cultivation and cultivation allows even a snowy winter to feel connected with nature.
It is even more exciting to combine business with pleasure - to get home the fruit of this exotic plant. Pineapple is perfect for this purpose. After eating a tasty fruit from the store, you can grow your own.
Consider the sequence of actions for growing pineapple from the top step by step - from the choice of planting material to harvest.
Pineapple selection is key to success
The homeland of exotic fruit is South America, it grows well in places with tropical climates around the world. This perennial herb belongs to the genus Bromilium.
Mature fruits reach a weight of 2-16 kg. They are sold together with tufts of green dense leaves. It is from this top that we will grow a new fruit. This is possible, since the growth point remains at the top.
To be confident in the success of their work, you need to choose the right pineapple seedlings.
What fruit to get:
- The peel should be whole and shiny - brown and golden. Copies with scratches and cuts should be discarded.
- The fruit for planting must be ripe, but not to linger. The juicier, more ripe and tastier the seed will be, the better the result will be. You should not choose for breeding half-green cheap specimens for stock in the supermarket.
- Landing is carried out by the upper part - the crown. At its characteristics and should pay attention. Leaves should be whole, bright, not torn and not damaged. If they pull down, they must resiliently return to its original position.
- Pineapple should look alive and vigorous, and not a stupid starch. The fruits that appear in late summer and autumn are best suited for this. At this time it is best to start breeding work.
Choose winter specimens with caution - they may be frostbitten. For this reason it is better not to choose the fruit on the street.
Summarizing, let's say - the less the fruit was lying in the back, he was hesitating and shifted from the counter to the counter, the better germination it would show.
How to choose a ripe pineapple - video:
Top preparation
Planting material must be separated from the fruit. The lower part of the crown goes inside the pineapple, it must be removed. A well ripened fruit does it like this - tightly grip all the leaves and turn them out like a cork. In the hand remains the crest without pulp.
If the fruit is not ripe - you will have to cut the lower part of the crest with a sharp knife. The knife is held at an angle of 45 °, the top is separated from the fetus. After that, all the flesh from the crown is removed to avoid rotting.
It is necessary to remove all the lower leaves at a distance of 3 cm from the base of the crown. They are carefully cut with a knife. On the free stem, brown nodules will be visible - these are the kidneys, which cannot be damaged.
To prevent rotting, the edge of the crown can be treated with ash or activated carbon. Before planting, the workpiece is dried for 2 weeks, while keeping an eye on signs of rotting.
Germination
After two weeks of exposure, the workpiece should be placed in water. For these purposes, suitable simple tap water, which simply defend 2-3 days.
Roots get in a small glass container - a glass, a cup, a small jar. Only the lower part is immersed in the water, the leaves must remain in the air. From the bottom of the workpiece to the bottom leave 3-4 cm, so that was where to grow roots.
Water is changed every 2-3 days. It is necessary to ensure that heavy harvesting does not overwhelm the can and the roots are not exposed to air. Germination usually occurs within a week. When the length of the roots will reach 2 cm, the plant is transferred to the soil.
Capacity and soil
What should be remembered when planting a plant - the pineapple's root system is small, so choose a pot should be about 0.5-0.7 liters. As the pots grow, they should be replaced by simply passing the plant into a large container, without exposing the roots and adding fresh ground.
There should be holes in the pot for planting, and drainage material - claydite or river stones - should be placed on ¼ of the tank volume.
It is best to use ready-made primer for the Bromiliums, sold in stores for summer residents and flower growers. If necessary, the land can be prepared independently.
For the cultivation of exotic fruit such composition is suitable:
- sand - 1 part;
- peat - 1 part;
- natural soil - 3 parts.
The land should be light and loose.
Growing pineapple from the top step by step in the photo:
Landing
The pot is filled with earth 1 cm below the edge, a groove is made into which, carefully, without damaging the roots, the plant is lowered to a depth of 3 cm. Leaves should not go to the ground.
The workpiece must sit firmly in the ground and not hang out. If there is a danger of collapsing, the plant must be fixed, tied to sticks. Set the pot should be in a well-lit place, but close from the direct sun, so that the plant does not boil under the rays.
For better rooting, many advise to help sprout, creating a greenhouse effect. To do this, put a plastic bag on the pot and hold it for 3-4 weeks. It is worth doing it if the room is cool, very dry or constant drafts.
If the temperature is kept in the range of 21-27 ° C, it is possible to water regularly, you can do without the package.
Rooting takes 6-8 weeks, sometimes up to 12. Young leaves or their buds should appear on the pineapple. If you take the top, the pot will rise. When this happened, we can assume that the pineapple became a houseplant and caught on the windowsill.
Stages of growing pineapple from the top to the video:
How to care?
Pineapple has taken its place in the apartment, consider the features of growing at home, the optimum temperature and other necessary conditions.
Desired temperature
An exotic fruit is used to living in warmth; there is no winter in its historic homeland. The optimum temperature for life is 22-25 ° C. Under such conditions, the pet will be able to fully develop.
When there is no sunlight from which additional heat comes, it is better to keep the temperature at 25-27 °. For full growth at low temperatures in the room will have to use air conditioning, heater or.
Watering
When watering should follow the following rules:
- Spring and summer watering should be strengthened. It is necessary to focus on the humidity of the air and water so that there is no stagnation of moisture, due to which root decay may begin.
- For irrigation use water temperature 27-29 °, which is well settled. You can apply rain.
- The plant is watered plentifully, but infrequently - in the winter once a week, in summer 2. Before the next irrigation, the earth should dry at the top by 2 cm. .
- If the temperature on the windowsill in winter drops below 20 °, growth slows down, watering should be reduced, and the plant should look for a warmer place.
If the tips of the leaves dry and shrivel, it may be due to lack of moisture, try to increase the watering. Damaged leaves must be carefully removed by cutting with a knife.
Lighting
A permanent place should be well lit, the northern side is not suitable for a seedling. From direct sunlight, pineapple must be closed so as not to burn the leaves.
Top dressing
To ensure a full growing season, you need to feed the seedling. For this, humus is suitable, which needs to be insisted in water, and then used for watering. You can also use mineral fertilizers that are recommended for bromeliads.
It will be enough to fertilize the soil 2 times a month. Should abandon lime and ash.
Transfer
As you grow the pot needs to be increased. Transplant recommended once a year. At the same time, care must be taken that the pot is not excessively large. To free the roots of the old land can not be. It is necessary to transfer the plant into a larger vessel, filling the missing soil.
After transplantation, the plant must be watered, a week later to feed.
Pests
Usually pests do not threaten the plant. When ticks or other insects appear, you need to acquire the appropriate means to destroy them. For starters, you can simply wash the leaves with soapy water. Often this is enough.
When attacking a fungus will have to use fungicides. If the mushrooms manage to win, the plant will release a new shoot.
Bloom stimulation
In nature, pineapples are low herbaceous plants up to 90 cm tall with very hard and prickly leaves. They begin to bloom 12-18 months after planting. To speed up flowering on plantations, plants are treated with acetylene.
The flowers are formed on a long stem without leaves, the inflorescence has the shape of an ear. Flowers bloom in turn from the bottom of the stem and have a pink or lilac color. Their number reaches two hundred.
Almost at the beginning of flowering, flowers and berries are joined together and form a common fruit. Therefore, pineapple and looks like a cone, due to the merger of a large number of small berries.
At home, flowering may begin at a different time than in nature. You can wait for flowers when the seedling has reached 25 cm. The top of the stem will go up without leaves, a bud will appear on it.
If the plant has reached the required size, but there is no flowering, it will have to be stimulated using the methods used in the plantation:
- dissolve 15 g of carbide in 1 liter of water;
- hold the solution until completely dissolved and carefully drain the precipitate;
- take 30 ml of acetylene and pour into the outlet in the place of active growth;
- after a day, repeat the manipulation.
Flowering should be expected 2 months after treatment. It is necessary to start stimulation of flowering, if it does not come by itself, after 2.5-3 years from planting in early summer or late spring. If there is no flowering anyway, the plant has not yet ripened for fruiting. We'll have to wait another six months.
Harvesting
For the growth and ripening of pineapple takes from 4 to 7 months. At this time, you need to provide warmth and good lighting. If the apartment is cool and not enough light, you will have to use the fitolamp.
Home-grown fruit can be up to 1.5 kg. After its ripening, the herb will die. Before this, there usually appear several lateral processes that can be used for planting new pineapples.
They should be carefully separated with a knife after each grow their own roots. Do not forget that the pots for the new seedlings should be small.
To grow a full-fledged delicious pineapple from the top will take about 3 years, most likely, even more. This is an exciting activity, each stage of which is interesting and will bring pleasure to those who like to tinker with plants.
It is necessary to tune in for a long wait and prepare enough space, on the windowsill the flowering and ripening pineapple does not fit. You can grow a fragrant fruit from the top in any apartment, if you have patience. No special knowledge is required for this.
Overseas fruit pineapple is a herb from the bromeliad family. This species is characterized by the fact that the plants are adapted to live in drought conditions, have fleshy leaves forming a funnel in the center. Morning dew flows into an improvised container and nourishes the plant from above. This property to absorb moisture through the leaves at the top of the fruit, their connection with the heart of the plant suggested a way to plant a pineapple. To root the top and get a new plant at home is possible, if you observe the conditions of reproduction.
Pineapple growing methods
In an average climate, pineapples can be grown only in greenhouse conditions, greenhouses, or on a windowsill. One of the reasons is the long-term cultivation of pineapple until a ripe fruit. A few years, up to 4, passes in anticipation of the formation of inflorescences. And half a year is required for filling and ripening. Later, the plant dies off, leaving behind a large number of shoots, with which the plant is bred on an industrial scale.
In the homeland, fruiting begins after 26 months of plant development. After removal of the fetus, the plant dies off, leaving many offspring with which it propagates. In room conditions, the plant blooms at a height of 25 cm and at the age of 16 months. Flowering will begin in two months, lasts two weeks. One flower blooms 1 day. The fruit is formed and ripens up to six months.
So, you can grow a pineapple:
- seeds obtained from the ripe fruit;
- from an adult or dead bush;
- the top of a ripe pineapple.
Seed breeding method is rarely used, since it is associated with lengthening of the growing season. For those who like to start everything from scratch, you need to know that you can collect seeds from a ripe exotic fruit. At home, for cross-pollination, it is necessary that two adjacent plants simultaneously bloom. In the future, the seeds are sown in light ground and after germination they are grown to 6 cm and planted in a permanent pot.
How to plant pineapple from the top
The most common way is to get a pineapple seedling from a tuft on the top of the fruit. Pineapple is selected from a freshly received batch of fresh crop. A sign will be a powerful bunch of leaves on top of a pineapple cone. Leaves should be alive, not dried and as less wrinkled as possible. The fruit must be mature in all ways.
- Firmly grasping the fruit with one hand and the other with a smooth screw motion, unscrew the rosette of leaves from the base. Better to do it together. If this is not possible, then the top of the head is cut off with a sharp disinfected knife. Then gently remove the soft part from the resulting cone so that it does not rot in the ground during rooting.
- The base is cleaned by 2-3 cm, gently pinching off the leaves. In this place the roots will appear and grow, as in the bottom of an onion or garlic clove. Sprinkle the slice with crushed coal or ground cinnamon.
- During the week, the plant is dried in room conditions, hanging the scalp with the cut-off part up. This is to speed up the formation of roots.
- Drop the bottom of the pineapple seedling into the water and wait for the roots to appear. Place for a jar you need to choose a light and warm. Drafts and temperature drops are unacceptable. Glass must choose dark or wrap the container in black paper. Vodichku change every two days, not allowing souring.
- For a young sapling, we choose a pot with no more than 0.5 l, with a good drainage hole. The soil is composed of equal parts of sand, and leaf humus. You can buy soil for bromelium, but any composition is pre-cleaned of pathogens and possible insect pests. Before planting, watering with hot potassium permanganate and subsequent drying is mandatory.
- Pineapple is planted with roots in a pot with a pre-laid layer of drainage. The land should be wet but not soggy. If the plant is already with roots, then leave the plant open and monitor the humidity. If, after drying, the pineapple seedling is not placed in the water, then rooting is carried out under the hood to create a microclimate.
How to plant a pineapple from the top is clear. It remains to wait for the results of rooting. If the plant is accepted, young leaves will appear. And only then and in the subsequent it is necessary to water the young plant from above so that there is always water in the leaf funnel.
How long to wait for the results of rooting depends on external conditions and on compliance with all conditions. Root plant can be 6-8 weeks. When rooting the leaves will gradually dry out, and the tips should be cut off. Simultaneously growing replacement greens. Over time, the bush will lose the old hair completely. Water the plant should be once a week to a year. Flood transplant in a larger pot in the ground for cacti.
In winter, pineapple leaves will not grow, it is a period of rest. Hence, watering and dressing should be reduced.
How to plant pineapple at home - video
