Peas  - a plant beloved by many gardeners, and most importantly - very useful. Prized for large amounts of protein. A few decades ago, it was possible to see how peas grow in each garden. Now the attitude towards him has changed.

People are used to canned peas. But buying it is not necessary. You can grow peas on your own and preserve - it will turn out even better bought in the store.

Pea: description

Peas contain more protein than veal and its absorption is much easier.

Green peas, in addition to protein, are rich in vitamins:

  • group B;
  • manganese (Mn);
  • potassium (K);
  • phosphorus (P);
  • iron (Fe);
  • lysine is one of the rare amino acids.

In the diet of patients with cardiovascular pathologies, peas are necessarily present.

Botanical description of peas:

  • Annual plant  with a grassy stem from the legume family that does not require pollination.
  • Pea root is rod-shapedIt penetrates deep into the soil and forks strongly.
  • Herbaceous stem  depending on the species, it can be drooping, branching up to 1 meter in length or cluster, not forming branches, about 30–50 cm in height.
  • Antennae on tips of pea leavesby which he clings to the support and winds along it. The flowers are usually purple or white.
  •   Pea fruit - bean in the form of a pod  different size and color. Within each 5-10 seeds with a color corresponding to the color of the flowers of this variety. The surface of the seed may be wrinkled or smooth.

Like all legumes, peas are an excellent sideratome, enriching the earth with nitrogen. On the roots of the plant and around them live beneficial microorganisms that process and accumulate this trace element.

"Relatives" of peas

There is an interesting plant from the legume family - asparagus peas. All parts of the plant are used in food. The scientific name is tetraplate purple. It is also called "winged pea" because of the appearance of the pods. On sale you can find a variety of Thessaloniki with fleshy fruits up to 4 cm with the taste of asparagus.

Chickpeas  (Chick peas, lamb peas) culture less popular in summer cottages than green peas. Used as a good siderat before planting wheat. In addition, the pests do not like it because of the presence of oxalic acid. This one-year culture is unpretentious to care, and it can be raised in the country and in the field.

Asparagus Peas

Pea Nut

Features of growing

Before planting, you must decide for what purpose you will grow peas. If “eat” straight from the tin - sweet sugar varieties should be chosen: Ambrosia, Alpha, Zhegalova 112.

Peas is an undemanding plant, they often say about it - it grows for itself and grows, and only collect the harvest. Grow everywhere. Harvest can be collected all summer. Even in winter you can grow a healthy and vitamin home microgreen  peas. Still, some of the conditions to observe is worth it.

Place on the site

The place where the peas will grow must be sunny, windless, with a deep groundwater table.

Peas can be planted next to crops:

  •   and other solanaceous;

To save space and seal the planting between the rows of peas plant radishes and parsley.

Good pea grows around apple trees, in tree circles, if there is a lot of sun. Before planting, it will be necessary to pour a layer of fertile soil mixed with humus to a height of 10-15 cm

Requirements and soil preparation

The correct predecessors for peas:

  • potatoes;
  • cabbage;
  • pumpkin culture.

We will understand in what land to plant peas:

How to grow more crops?

It is pleasant to any gardener and summer resident to receive a big crop with large fruits. Unfortunately, it is not always possible to get the desired result.

Often plants lack nutrition and minerals.

It has the following properties:

  • Allows increase yield by 50%  in just a few weeks of use.
  • Can get good harvest even on low fertile soils  and in adverse climatic conditions
  • Absolutely safe

When to plant peas in open ground?

  1. You can start planting peas from the last decade of April  and until the beginning of May (depending on the region).
  2. Shelling varieties of peas begin to germinate already at 2 degrees Celsius, and sugar requires 4-6.
  3. The seedlings will survive frosts down to -6, although this may reduce the yield by 25-30% and increase the period of ripening of peas to a week. Therefore, with a very early planting, it is still necessary to cover the crops with a film.
  4. The optimum temperature at which the pea grows and develops without problems is 15-25 degrees.  As lowering it to 8-12 degrees, and increasing, negatively affects the development of all plant organs.
  5. Sow peas in several stages with an interval of 10-14 days.  The last sowing can be done two months before the onset of the first frost, but only early ripening varieties.

How does pea grow in the open field?

Seed preparation

How to prepare seeds:

  1. The seeds of the pea are large, so they grow it by direct sowing, immediately into the ground.
  2. Before planting, pea need to be soaked - put in a container, pour a little warm water.
  3. Leave for a day, changing the water after 5-6 hours.
  4. Then germinate - wrap in a damp cloth and keep in it until the seeds are spitting, usually 2-3 days.
  5. To improve germination, it can be treated with growth promoters (for example, Appin) according to the instructions for the preparation.
  6. Can be used for sowing and dry seeds. It is enough to warm them for 5-7 minutes in a warm (40 degrees) solution of boric acid (2 g / l of water).

Landing scheme:

So that the birds do not peck peas, the bed should be covered with a covering material. Pea shoots will be visible in 7-10 days.

Planting peas in the winter

Peas are not a frost-resistant plant, but as an experiment, you can try to plant it before winter. For this, dry (it is impossible to soak the grains) are planted in frozen ground. Plant in the same pattern as in the spring. This is done so that the peas do not sprout in the fall.

Sugar varieties for planting in the winter will not work, they are more thermophilic.

Stories of our readers!
"I am a summer resident with many years of experience, and I started using this fertilizer only last year. I tested it on the most demanding vegetable in my vegetable garden — on tomatoes. The bushes grew and bloomed together, yielded more than usual yield. And they did not hurt the blight, this is important.

Fertilizer really gives a more intensive growth of garden plants, and they bear fruit much better. Now you cannot grow a normal crop without fertilizer, and this dressing increases the amount of vegetables, so I am very pleased with the result. "

Pea care

To get a good harvest of green vegetable peas, you need to follow the rules of agricultural engineering:

  • Watering.Pea is a very moisture-loving plant. Watering should be timely, it should not be allowed to dry. In the absence of moisture, the flowers and the pea pods fall. Before flowering watering is required once a week, during flowering - at least twice depending on the weather. The soil should not dry out.
  • . Perfectly peas respond and grow after the use of potash and phosphate fertilizers (30-35 g / m 2) or rotted manure. Fresh manure in the beds with peas to bring categorically impossible. It provokes a strong growth of greenery at the expense of flowering and the formation of fruits.
  • Installation of supports.Strong support is needed for climbing, and desirable for standard grades. You can make a trellis, pulling the wire (cable) in several rows along the beds and attaching it to the supports. Install the support when the shoots reach a height of 11-16 cm.

Video about pea supports:

Diseases and pests of peas

Disease and treatment

The main diseases of peas are fungal and bacterial infections, the main prevention methods are crop rotation.

Disease name Description and treatment
Downy mildew The disease appears at high humidity and low temperature. May occur at the beginning of the growing season. On the top of the leaves appear light spots, and on the bottom - are formed disputes.

At the first sign you need to powder a bed of lime-fluff  or spray the infusion of field sludge (300 g leaves on a bucket of water, insist 7-9 hours) twice with an interval of 5-7 days.
Ascohitosis Fungal disease manifested in the form brown-brown spots with edging.  Black spots are visible inside the spots - pycnids with spores. After maturation, the spawn “mycelium” bursts and the plant is reinfected.

For sprouting spores need suitable conditions - wet weather, a wound on the plant. Ill with ascochitis, the plant dies. Its fruits become unsuitable for food.
Root Rot (Black Leg) Appears when excessive irrigation and waterlogging. The fungus infects the roots of the plant or the basal part of the stem, they blacken and rot.  The roots stop feeding the plant, the green mass decreases, the bush look lifeless.

At first glance it seems that the plant lacks moisture, but additional watering will only worsen the situation. Sick plants without difficulty pulled out of the garden. Avoid control of soil moisture, loosening the top layer of the earth.
Rust A serious disease of peas. The fungus falls on peas with milkweed. Manifested in the form of   yellow spots  on the upper surface of the sheet and the orange “pillow” from the bottom side, from which orange powder, spores, spill out during cracking.

Peas, which are sick with rust, stop growing. To cope with the disease, you can use or drugs with sulfur content.

Pests and treatment

Not all diseases and pests are listed below, but the main task of a gardener is prevention, the use of home remedies with minimal use of insecticides to obtain a good harvest of this healthy and tasty vegetable.

Pest name Description and struggle
Pea moth It is also called the pea leaf maker. Butterfly with gray wings  with a span of 10-12 mm. Harm inflicted by its tracks. They gnaw the walls of the pod, penetrate inside and gnaw peas.

During development, each caterpillar damages 2-3 peas, does not migrate from pod to pod.

For the fight using spraying plants infusion of garlic:

  • 20 g of garlic skip through the crush;
  • pour a bucket of water and insist day;
  • strain and spray.

Helps watering a decoction of tomato tops - about 3 kg per bucket of water. It is also noted that the early planting and early varieties of culture are less susceptible to the attack of the moth.
Black beetle 4-5 mm long.  It feeds on pea seeds. In the fall, beetles end up in storage and winter there. Pea grains infected with grains can be identified by the presence of a hole with a diameter of 0.1-0.3 mm, dark spots or cavities with a beetle inside.

To exclude infected seeds before planting, you need to hold them in salt solution  (30 g / l of water), seeds that have risen to the surface, discarded, remaining at the bottom - rinse with salt and dry.
Acacia Fire Bean Butterfly, wingspan 23-30 mm. Damage caused by caterpillars.  They bite into the pod, eat away the seeds. Later, they can nibble seeds outside, wrap them with mulberry and pollute with excrement.

If there is a shortage of food, they can switch to other pods. By the time of harvest, a gardener may be around 50% without him.

As a struggle, the main ones are   planting peas as far as possible from the white and yellow acacia  and (for example, Lepidocid  according to instructions).

How does pea grow at home?

Not everyone has a cottage or the opportunity to spend all summer on it. But you can eat fresh green peas by growing it at home. Especially agricultural peas growing at home, using closed ground  almost no different from growing it in the garden. Only varieties are recommended to choose undersized.

Cultivation technology:


Harvesting and storage of pea crops

When to harvest:


After harvesting, the peas tops are harvested on a compost pile. But it is better to chop it on the spot and, together with its roots, plow (dig) into the soil. Such a green fertilizer improves the soil structure, on an area of ​​1 hectare it can replace the introduction of tons of manure.

Peas will be an excellent predecessor for any garden crops.

Will grow especially well after peas:

  • solanaceous (potatoes, tomatoes,
  • drying of shelling varieties;
  • from peas can make pea flour.

Video: Growing Peas

Types and varieties of peas

Shelling varieties

These varieties on the inside of the pod is a rough parchment layer. Chew it is impossible, therefore only peas are eaten.  Grown by large agricultural enterprises for further sale in dry form.

Popular varieties:


Sugar varieties

They have no parchment layer, they are fleshy and contain a lot of juice. Use   for fresh consumption  - to eat fresh vitamins or on the “spatula” - as a whole. These varieties are used for conservation.

Popular sugar varieties:


Brain Varieties

They have more sugar and less starch compared to sugar varieties. From them are obtained the most delicious canned food.  Peas wrinkled, angular shape.

Grades:


How does pea grow on an industrial scale?

The technology of growing peas by agricultural enterprises practically does not differ from growing on household plots. In order to prevent the accident or delays in the supply of raw materials to the enterprises for processing and preservation, seeding is performed continuously  - early, medium and late varieties, each of which is in several stages.

One of the varieties bred for growing peas on an industrial scale is Sweet. Suitable for single-phase harvesting, gives high yields. Resistant to lodging, as well as the main diseases of peas - root rot and askohitoza.

Cultivation technology:

  1. On the field using an ordinary landing method, as well as narrow and cross. The seeding rate is from 150 kg to 300 kg per 1 ha.
  2. Three days after planting and immediately after sprouting, the rows are harrowed  - for the prevention of the appearance of weeds and crusts on the ground.
  3. In the southern areas, watering is carried out two or three times during the growing season.if peas grow on a scapula. If the peas are growing for grain - can add a fourth watering.
  4. Herbicides are used to remove weeds.  Diseases and pests are sprayed with insecticides (only before the beans are tied).
  5.   Cleaning is mechanized., in the southern regions - single-phase, since the ripening of peas is more friendly.
  6. In case of unrelated ripening, cleaning is done in two stages.  First, the peas are mowed, harvested, and threshed after a few days.
  7. Green peas are harvested with suitable combines., on the spot threshed and allowed for recycling. Peas of sugar varieties are harvested by hand as the fruit ripens.

Videos about growing peas on an industrial scale:

Conclusion

In conclusion, I would like to say that peas, however, like beans, are often undesirable to be eaten by people of mature and, especially, older age, because of the large amount of purines in the beans. And also because of this, pea patients with gout are contraindicated. The rest of the people green peas can be used in any quantities.

Describes how to properly grow not just the arrows of peas, but also wait for the ripening of ripe pods of this delicacy.

The process of growing peas will not be fast. For the successful outcome of your “agri-attempts”, you must strictly follow the guide to action and not accelerate the growth of peas by artificial means.

Best in the winter to grow peas in a street greenhouse. You can also grow sweet peas at home. To do this, you need to stock up on spacious tanks for planting shoots, prepare the basics to support the arrows and provide the plants with enough light, oxygen and moisture.

Which varieties are best grown

Norley  (Norli). Peas of this variety are early ripening and high-yielding. Plants can grow in height to 1 m.

Oregon Sugar Pod  (Oregon Sugar Pod). It can be grown in greenhouses in winter. The stems reach a height of 1 m.

Sugar Ann  (Sugar Ann). Early and long-fruiting variety. The plant reaches a height of about 1.5 m and needs a strong support.

Preparing pea seeds

Seeds of peas should be chosen so that they are not too old, but not torn from the underripe pods. To begin with the seeds should be wrapped in gauze and pour water for 3 hours. After that, the peas must be kept in wet gauze for 3-5 days. This is followed by sowing for growing seedlings.

How to sow peas

The soil must be chosen wet, loose, alkaline, so if the soil is too acidic, you need to add lime to it.

You can add a little sawdust, straw cutting, humus (up to 30% of soil volume) and a solution of complex mineral fertilizers (20 grams per 10 liters of water).

Before sowing, pea seeds must be treated with nitragin or boric micronutrient fertilizers. Sow peas very thickly.

To sow seeds of peas for seedlings should be on the wall beds in winter. Seeds should be sown one chess row at a distance of 10 cm and 2 cm in a row to a depth of no more than 3 cm. After 15 days, seedlings can be planted on permanent soil.

In the greenhouse, seedlings must be planted in boxes in rows at a distance of 20 cm from each other. Between seeds need to leave no more than 10 cm.

After planting the seedlings need a little to tamp the radical part of the plant and pour out of the watering can with a sieve.

How to care for peas

Peas are very moisture-and light-loving plants, so it needs to provide maximum illumination and humidity, both for the soil and for the leaves.

For full growth and good harvest, peas need supports: poles for low-growing (90 cm) varieties and nets stretched between the posts - for high varieties (1.5 m). It is necessary to establish support when shoots will grow to 8 cm.

The soil should not be allowed to freeze. Peas are sensitive to lower temperatures, and with a long cold snap, seeds may decompose in the soil and not grow.

Pea is one of the oldest leguminous groups of plants cultivated by man. Unfortunately, the modern city dweller is familiar with the centuries-old culture of world importance superficially, the maximum is in the content of cans with canned peas. But knowing how to grow peas on the windowsill, and most importantly - having received the first harvest, you will be able to cook Russian salad with even greater skill.

Conditions of growing peas on the windowsill

Peas, like all legumes, - not the most capricious plant. It can be diluted both on the plot and in the apartment. In the second case, the volumes will come out more modest, but it is still possible to achieve a good, tasty harvest from peas.

Agricultural pea cultivation consists of the following steps:

  • Selection and calibration of seeds;
  • Planting material processing: soaking, dressing, disinfection in a solution of potassium permanganate, stratification, bubbling;
  • Planting seeds, caring for seedlings;
  • Pick sprouts in separate containers;
  • Transfer of seedlings to open ground or transplanting to a selected place in the selected container.

What conditions should be observed when growing peas?

  • Temperature regime (lower in the initial phase of the growing season with a gradual increase in the period of formation of vegetative organs);
  • Soil moisture not less than 70%;
  • Lighting (up to 12 hours per day);
  • Landing in a light nutrient soil;
  • Regular top-dressing by mineral complex fertilizers.

Lighting


Long daylight hours - one of the prerequisites for growing peas at home on the balcony or in the room. Per day the plant must at least 12 hours of continuous lighting. If natural insolation is short-lived or does not have the required intensity, arrange overhead UV or fluorescent lamps above the containers with seedlings or pot. They should hover over the plants at a distance of about 0.5 m.

Temperature


You can grow peas for seeds at almost any time of the year. This culture is cold resistant and withstands low temperatures. Since it is impossible to freeze in room conditions, peas grow without any problems. The emergence of seedlings is potentially possible at a temperature of +4 ° C. For the formation of full shoots mark on the thermometer   should not fall below +10 ° С. Pea seeds will germinate at +1 ° C. Budding plants takes place at a temperature of +14 ° C. Inflorescences develop optimally if the air is warmer by exactly two degrees.

The soil


Green and yellow peas, as well as other varieties of crops love the soil with a specific particle size distribution. The soil is selected light, rich in nutrients, but not sour. The optimal reaction of the soil for growing greens is a pH in the range of 6 - 7. Peas themselves are an excellent sideratoy, that is, in the process of its growth it enriches the earth with nitrogen. At home, this is not particularly relevant, but for planting vegetables in the open field, such plant quality is extremely useful.

For the first experience, if in doubt about how to grow peas at home, a universal soil substrate from the store will fit. You can mix in some wood ash. Be sure to ask the seller where on the label at the soil indicated the level of its acidity.

Video landing instruction

So, you have prepared the necessary soil, pot and chose a good place in the apartment for growing peas. Now it remains to plant peas and wait for the harvest. Growing at home is an extremely useful idea, because the fresh harvest will be all year round!

Watering


Chick peas watered moderately. Irrigation is carried out after a dried crust forms on top of the ground. Since irrigation compacts the substrate, this crust needs to be mechanically “destroyed”, or rather, loosened after the soil is moistened. Loosening promotes better air penetration to the roots, making them less susceptible to infection with fungal infection. In the warm season it is enough to water the peas every three days. It is useful to spray the leaves with warm water.

Top dressing


Growing peas at home on the windowsill without timely feeding will not be easy. The plant quickly depletes the soil and needs additional nutrients. During the growing season, when the legume forms the ovary, she needs a potassium and phosphorus based feed, and also complex mineral feeds. To prevent plantings from being affected, the soil is treated as a prophylactic measure with preparations containing copper. This not only contributes to the sustainability of peas, but also destroys pathogens.

When to wait for the crop grown on the windowsill?


At home in a pot of peas   ripens after 3 - 3.5 months after sowingbut. Late varieties will yield in 4 months. The signal that it is time to remove the fruits, you will give the formed blades. They will have to be collected every two to three days, starting from the lowest level. The procedure is carried out 9 to 10 days after the end of flowering. If you do not use the shoulder blades and wait for the ripening of peas, you need to be patient for about 15 days.

After the aforementioned deadlines, harvest should be made immediately. Over-ripe shoots slow down the growing season of new blades, and the delay will affect their taste. Understand whether the pod is ready, you can on a white mesh patina on the skin.


Manual harvesting is carried out very carefully. Hold the stem and break the blade off so as not to damage the rest of the plant. Going through the aisle, try not to injure the bushes. Gradually move from one plant to another: part of the pods hiding in the leaves, they are easy to miss.

Picked peas are washed in clean water and reclined in a colander. Let the water drain. Drain the grains on a paper towel and proceed to the peeling. Fresh peas are frozen (or thermally processed) or immediately eaten.

To plant and grow peas at home, you need to choose seeds that are divided into varieties - sugar and shelling. Sugar varieties are more tasty and whimsical in cultivation, and shelling varieties are more solid and unpretentious. Prepare containers for planting peas in advance; these can be wooden boxes or plastic deep containers, cellular or homogeneous.

The soil for planting should be loose and moist. In addition, a third part of the soil should be loosening materials, straw, sawdust, humus. Complex mineral fertilizers are also added to the soil, dissolving them in water for irrigation, at least twenty-five or thirty grams per ten liters of water.

Before planting peas at home, the seeds are treated with micronutrients containing boron and molybdenum, and nitragin, which will improve their germination and shoot growth. Peas are planted in an ordinary way very thickly, the distance between the seeds is one or two centimeters, and between the rows two or three centimeters, the planting depth is two or three centimeters.

Now you can take a small strainer and gently pour through it the planted seeds. The best food for peas with poor growth and development is a weak solution of urea, about one gram per liter of water. Watering the seedlings is also very neat using a strainer. A month later, you can plant such seedlings of peas in open ground or on the balcony and loggia.

Plastic or wooden boxes are used on the balcony, seedlings of peas are planted in even grooves at a distance of twenty centimeters from each other, and between ten and fifteen centimeters are left between plants in the same row. Open grooves sprinkle with soil, water plentifully from a small watering can.

Peas are very fond of light and water, so they need sufficient sunlight and full-fledged watering, its harvest will largely depend on it. When the plants on the balcony or loggia reach a height of fifteen to twenty centimeters, a large-mesh net should be hung over them, with the stems curling upwards, and it will be easy to harvest.

When growing peas at home, do not forget to properly loosen the soil, because it is compacted due to an excess of moisture, and the oxygen in the air cannot reach the roots, and this has a bad effect on the growth and development of plants. To understand how to grow peas at home well and correctly, you need to learn all about its feeding.

During flowering and formation of the ovaries, pea plants are fed with potassium-phosphate fertilizers, while fruit growth will also not be superfluous to introduce phosphorus-potassium fertilizers under the plant roots. Also, to combat plant diseases, it is useful to fertilize peas with trace elements with the addition of copper, this eliminates bacteria, strengthens the stems and leaves.

Fruiting peas at home continues for a month or two. Clean the peas in the morning, when the peas become full size, pleasant hardness and ripeness, from one plant you can get to a pound of ripe and juicy beans. At the end of fruiting, the legumes are cut.

Nowadays it is difficult to find a plot where it does not grow. peas.  Everyone knows about the taste and useful properties of this culture, that's why adults and children love it so much. Also, as in beef, it contains a huge amount of vegetable protein, which is much easier to digest. Fresh, green peas include vitamins B, PP, C, carotene, phosphorus, iron, and lysine. For people who suffer from cardiovascular diseases, the use of peas is mandatory, especially since the cultivation of this plant does not require much space (it can be planted along the fence). This article presents the basic rules of pea care and planting in open ground..

Pea: a characteristic of culture


Many still wonder: are peas beans or not?  He really belongs to the legume family, other information is erroneous. The branching stalks of the plant reach 250 cm. The stalk is hollow and the leaves are pinnate, complex. Scape, on which there are tendrils, cling to the support, and thus keep the culture in an upright position. Pea root has a deep structure.  The flowers are usually white, but they are also purple. Due to their ability to self-pollinate, they bloom 45-55 days after sowing. In the early varieties of peas, at the first flowering you can see 7-8 sheets of sinus, and up to 24 leaves - in later varieties.

Every two days there are new flower stalks. Characteristic peas can not do without a description of the fruit. They are beans, and depending on the plant variety, have a different shape and color. Beans contain up to 10 wrinkled or smooth seeds, and their color is the same as the peel of the pod. During the growth of a plant, useful bacteria develop on its roots, and nitrogen also appears, which absorbs peas from the atmosphere (this nourishes the soil).

Choosing a place for planting peas in the garden

Peas are picky about the place of planting, so the cultivation of this crop should begin with its choice. When selecting a site, you should pay attention to the soil, the neighbors of the plant, lighting, heat, and climatic conditions.

Climatic conditions for growing peas


In order for a pea plant to develop well, it is important to create suitable conditions for it. The plant is very fond of moisture, so that the seeds evenly swell, and there were friendly shoots, the peas need to be planted early in a moist soil. Due to the large amount of precipitation, the plant grows faster and yields increase. During the period of budding and flowering, moisture is especially necessary. If water is scarce, the plant sheds ovaries and flowers.

However, the peas do not like if the groundwater is too high. He is ready to endure a short drought, as the strong root system of peas uses moisture from deep layers of soil. Peas are unpretentious to heat and seeds germinate at a temperature of + 5 ° С.  The shoots are able to tolerate frosts up to -6 ° С, and the optimum temperature for the formation of the plant ovaries is +13 ... + 15 ° С, for bean growth - from +17 to + 22 ° С.

What kind of soil loves peas

Pea loves when the soil is well processed and sufficiently moist.  If the selected soil for planting is sour, then first it is necessary to lime. This will require 300 g of hydrated lime or 400 g of dolomite flour per 1m². An ideal place for planting will be loam-rich humus, as well as well-fertilized, moist soil.

Best pea neighbors

Before planting pea seeds, keep in mind that previous plants that grew in the same place, quite a strong influence on the crop.  It is best to plant the described crop after potatoes, carrots, beets, cucumbers, tomatoes, and pumpkins.

Important!   After other legumes, for example, beans, lentils, soybeans, peanuts, planting peas in this area is not worth it.

Peas should not be returned to the place where it grew last year, since there is a high probability that the plant will be affected by diseases and pests, therefore, the possible dates for planting peas in the same area are no earlier than in 3-4 years.

Features planting peas at their summer cottage

In order to properly plant the peas, and he brought a big harvest, you first need to carry out the preparatory work. They consist of soil preparation, seed preparation and the planting itself.

How to prepare the soil for planting peas


When preparing the soil, it should first be leveled and watered properly, and moistened again before the direct planting of peas.  Further in the soil it is necessary to make grooves with a depth of 6 cm, keeping the distance between the beds of at least 20 cm.

Important!   Planting time for peas does not have strict restrictions, but experienced gardeners recommend planting crops when warm weather sets in, that is, closer to May.

Preparing peas for planting

Before planting the plants also need to know how to choose the seeds of peas.  Consider that only high-quality, healthy seeds are required for planting. Feeble, sick and infested with pea weevil specimens should not be planted.

Did you know?   For the convenience of selecting high-quality seeds, they can be placed in a saline solution and select only those that have sunk to the bottom. Saline solution is quite simple: 1 tablespoon of salt to 1 liter of water.

Since before planting you need to germinate the seeds of peas, you will need to perform some more simple actions. After selecting the seeds, they should be soaked in warm water and left to swell for 16 hours, changing the water every three hours. After soaking the seed material, it is dried to a friable state.

How to sow peas


Peas do not require the use of any special agricultural technician and the planting pattern is quite simple.  Before placing the seed material in the ground, in the beds should be made furrows 6-7 cm deep. The distance between them should be 45-55 cm. A mixture of compost and ash is put into each furrow, then it is sprinkled with earth, but so that the depth of the pit remains 2-3 cm. For one meter of furrow, 17-18 seeds will be required, thus the distance between the pea seeds will be up to 6-7 cm. Next, the seed pit must be densely covered with earth, which will help retain moisture.

Did you know?   As the seeds of pea germinate you will not see, but the first shoots appear in 7-10 days.

Pea cultivation technology, plant care features

Proper care of the peas is no less important than proper planting. Watering, loosening the soil, feeding, garter bushes - all this undoubtedly affects the crop yield.

First actions after sowing


On what day the first stalk of peas will appear, first of all, depends on the regularity of the introduction of liquid into the soil.  Proper and abundant watering - this is the main care of the plant. After sowing, you need to carefully monitor that the peas have enough moisture. If it is not enough, the plant will die, not having time to show the first shoots. While fruits are ripening in the lower part, peas are blooming in the middle, and the tip is still growing and forming buds, watering is especially important for the normal development of the plant.

Important!  Too abundant watering - also not very good especially when beans are formed. This can lead to the spread of disease.

Soil care

During the period of active growth of peas, it is necessary to pay special attention to loosening the soil between the rows. Only in this way, the roots and nodule bacteria will be able to receive such necessary oxygen.  At the first shoots, reaching a height of 6 cm and forming 4-5 leaves, the beds will need to be harrowed, but this should be done at a time when the ground is dry. This is necessary in order not to damage the root system. Despite what will be the compaction of the soil and the growth of weeds during the growing season, loosening between rows should be carried out up to 3 times (to a depth of 7 cm).

Features feeding peas


Fertilizer must be applied under the pea to increase the yield, stimulate the flowering of the plant and to tie the beans.  At the first emergence of seedlings, peas should be fed with infusion of weeds. This is necessary when the work of nodule bacteria is still too weak and the plant suffers from a lack of nitrogen. Fertilizing with mineral fertilizers during fruit set and before flowering will be very useful. In the first case, it is recommended to water the plants with a solution of complex fertilizer (3 g per 1 liter of water). It is necessary to water between rows, without falling on the leaves of the plant.   Before flowering, peas are better to feed dry fertilizer, at the rate of 25 g per 1 m².

Bushes garter

Since the pea stalks are rather weak, and at the first appearance of the fruit, the plant falls from gravity, it needs garter bushes to support.  In the role of support use metal rods or wooden pegs that need to stick along the row, at a distance of 1.5 meters from each other. On pegs or rods, you need to tighten the rope or wire in a horizontal direction. Shoots with tendrils are supported on the rope. This is necessary so that the peas are aired and warmed up.

The main diseases and pests of peas


The most common pests of the pea are the moth, garden and cabbage moth, and the pea moth.Shells and scoops lay eggs on pea leaves. Caterpillars scoops, even those that have just hatched, eat the ground part of the plant. Larvae moths, wrapped in leaves to feed them. But the pea butterfly - moth, lays eggs on the leaves and fruits. After a week, they become food for the larvae. Powdery mildew and mosaic are among the main diseases that can cause peas.