How to grow rowan from seeds and branches. Rowan - planting and care, useful properties

Mountain ash ordinary hardy. It grows on a variety of wet soils, but better on fertile sandy and loamy. This is a fast-growing breed - it gives 0.5 m increment per year.

It possesses good sprouting ability and forms a fast-growing growth on the stumps. Enters fructification for 5-7 year. In the first years of life, it tolerates shading well, but bears fruit better in more open places.

Fruiting year. Rowan belongs to the apple subfamily. Rowan grows in the form of a tall tree (ordinary) and a bush (black fruit).

Types of rowan differ in the shape of the leaves, size, color and taste of the fruits. Common Rowan - tree to 10 m tall, crown rounded, with a straight trunk. Shoots and trunk bark smooth, greenish-gray. Leaves alternate, unpaired.

The flowers are small, white or greenish, fragrant. Large inflorescence (8-10 cm in diameter). Life expectancy of mountain ash reaches 100-150 years. This crop is the most productive in 35-40 years - gives up to 100 kg of fruits from a tree. The Rowan blooms in late May.

The fruits are bright orange-red, bitter-knitting, ripen in late September - October. The fruits of the mountain ash hanging on the trees attract many insectivorous birds, so its growth in the gardens helps protect the fruit and berry plantations from pests.

Choosing a place for planting mountain ash.

Rowan is little demanding of growing conditions and tolerates various soils. It tolerates a slight acidity of the soil, but bears fruit better on neutral, drainage lands. The ash tree is light-requiring (it grows in the shade, but it does not bear fruit well). The mountain ash does not tolerate significant soil drying. Without a sufficient amount of moisture, the harvest will be scanty. Common Rowan is tolerant of the close standing of groundwater.

Planting time mountain ash.

Rowan can be planted in the spring (until the end of April, as it starts moving up early) and in the fall (late September - early October). The best landing period is autumn. During the autumn-winter period, the soil is well deposited and compacted around seedlings.

Plants in the spring begin to grow early and take root well. If the seedlings are purchased in the fall too late, they are dropped in the winter. In spring they start planting early as soon as the ground allows.

Requirements for purchased seedlings.

When buying a seedling, attention is paid not to the height of the shoots, but to the quality of the root system, which should be powerful and healthy (should have 2-3 main branches for a length of at least 25-30 cm). The roots must be fresh and moist, if the roots are dry and weather-beaten, the seedling can take root, but it will grow slowly.

Having pinched off a small piece of bark, it is possible to find out if the seedling is alive (if the green bottom is exposed, then the seedling is alive, if brown is dead). wrapped in a damp cloth, put in a plastic bag. If it is not possible to plant a purchased seedling right away, then it is instilled in a shaded place in the country.

Dig a shallow elongated fossa with a slope to the south. The seedling is placed in a dimple. They fall asleep so that both the roots and half the length of the shoots are underground. Abundantly watered. In this form, seedlings can be stored 3-4 weeks without compromising quality.

If it is found that the seedlings have dried out much, they are lowered into the water for 2-3 days (no more).

Preparation of seedlings for planting.

This work does not cause much difficulty. It is necessary to remove cracked, diseased, dried roots. The same must be done with the above-ground part of the seedling.

Before planting, to avoid drying, it is good to dip the roots in a clay mash.

Planting mountain ash.

Rowan, like a fruit tree, is best planted at a distance of 3-5 m from each other. With such a planting, a powerful tree is formed, well lit from all sides. The size (width and depth) of the planting pit should be such that the roots fit correctly in it, according to its shape. A landing pit is dug 30-50 cm deep, 40 cm wide in diameter, depending on the size of the seedling's root system. Add to each landing hole:

A bucket of compost or humus; 150 grams of superphosphate; 300 grams of wood ash;

All fertilizers are well mixed with ordinary soil so as to fill the pit with it 1/3 of its volume. Then pour a layer of ordinary earth to half the volume of the pit. Pour a bucket of water. When the water is absorbed, a seedling is placed on top, in the middle of the pit.

The seedlings are planted 2-3 cm deeper than they grew in the nursery. Next, straighten the roots, so as not to form voids. Ordinary soil (from the upper layer) is completely covered by the pit. Further trample down the ground.

Again, water and mulch the soil with humus, peat or other organic matter (grass, hay, straw) with a layer of 5-10 cm.

Care rowan ordinary.

In the first months after planting, the seedling is taking root, the root regeneration process is underway, in other words, wound healing, callus and new roots formation. , systematic pest and disease control, proper tillage. Soils in rows and rows should be kept loose and free from weeds. In autumn, the trees need to be dug up to a depth of 10-15 cm, avoiding damage to the roots, and at the same time organic fertilizers should be covered with tree trunks. Loosening of the soil is carried out in early spring, then another 4-5 times during the summer and always immediately after removal harvest.

After that, the soil is mulched with manure, peat or compost. In the absence of precipitation, mountain ash needs watering at the beginning of the growing season, 15-20 days before harvesting and at the end of the summer (2-3 weeks after harvesting). You can water it by furrowing or grooves around the trunks, 2-3 buckets per plant. Water consumption during watering depends on the age of the tree, the soil and the degree of its moisture.

Top dressing of a mountain ash ordinary.

Rowan productivity increases with systematic feedings. Spring, every year, 5-8 kg of humus or compost and 50 grams of ammonium nitrate are added to each tree. a bucket of diluted bird droppings (1:10). These fertilizing data can be replaced by adding agrolife to the top layer of soil. At the end of summer, 0.5 liters of wood ash (instead of potash fertilizers) and 100 g of superphosphate (after fruiting) are added to each tree.

Harvest.

Harvesting mountain ash is carried out after its full ripening (end of September - October) or after the first frost, when the fruits get a sweet taste. They are removed from the trees by hand, with stalks.

Fruits collected with stalks and leaves can be stored fresh for a long time. Decomposed layer 10-15 cm mountain ash is well preserved until spring at a temperature of from 0 to + 1 ° without significant loss of vitamins. In frozen form, mountain ash is also well preserved, but it should not be thawed. Related articles:

Planting mountain ash and care for her

The design of the backyard plot is unthinkable without beautiful plants, which harmoniously combine with each other, constitute a single ensemble of the garden. Shady birch alley, weeping willow, located on the shore of the reservoir, aroma of fragrant bird cherry, reddening brush of mountain ash on a white snow cover.

All this can be created right on the plot near the house. Red rowan is one of the most durable, vigorous trees that have been growing for more than 100 years. Its fruits contain many vitamins and trace elements, sugar and fructose, glucose and organic acids, ascorbic acid and carotene. That is why she is the most welcome guest on the site.

Requirements for growing conditions

Most of the species and varieties of ordinary red mountain ash is not too demanding on soil conditions. However, trees grow worse and bear fruit on light sandy and sandy soils, and prefer light and medium loamy. Rowan can be found in the shady corners of the garden, and in the dense forest more often.

But still more they love the open sunny places. With good light, the tree forms a beautiful, powerful crown and gives a good harvest. This culture is almost not damaged by diseases and pests, is not afraid of frost and is drought-resistant.

Planting mountain ash in the spring and care for her

Although at first glance it would seem that this tree is of an unassuming character, it also has enough "whims". First, we must bear in mind that the soil for planting mountain ash must be prepared in advance, and for two years to grow vegetables and grain crops at a selected place. Plant a tree preferably in the fall, two weeks before the soil freezes. You can plant small trees in spring, but then the plants start to grow early and give a weak increase, which means they start to bear fruit later. Before planting red rowan in the spring, the roots must be kept in water for two days. The distance between strong-growing varieties must be 3-4 meters and between low growth - 1.5-2 meters. The landing pit 60x60x40 cm must be “filled” without fail, putting there:

5-7 kg of rotted manure or peat compost; 20-30 g of potassium salt;

If the site is mainly acidic soils, it is advisable to deposit 1-2 kg / sq. M of dolomite flour or lime.

Rowan care

During the first year, the plant doesn’t feed with nitrogen fertilizers, as they inhibit the growth of the roots of seedlings, which can lead to a slight increase. When forming the crown of the red rowan one should take into account that the tree naturally forms pyramidally. But this kind of care, like pruning trees, still need to be carried out, displaying the main branches at an obtuse angle. And this should be done in the spring, even before the kidneys swell.

Planting krupnomerov

If there is an overwhelming desire to quickly decorate the backyard territory, and plant a large-sized rowan tree, without waiting for the fall, then you can make a lot of mistakes. After all, the conditions of planting adult trees are fundamentally different from the conditions for rowan saplings.

And further care of the tree should be special. In this case, in order not to ruin a tree, it is better to turn to specialists. The Soveren company, which designs home gardens on a professional level, will help you to decorate the area near the house with high quality, fast and tasteful work.

We offer in the suburbs of Moscow and the Moscow region a full range of services for planting trees and shrubs of all kinds. Planting and caring for plants is a real creative process, but you cannot do without expert advice!

Rowan is just a treasure!

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Planting mountain ash

Rowan can be planted either in autumn or spring. September is the most suitable month. For planting it is necessary to dig a sufficiently spacious hole 60x60 cm in size and fill it with good humus soil. Do not forget to water well.

Then make a small mound in the center of the pit, spread the roots on it and cover it with soil so that the root collar is at ground level. If you bury rowan when planting, then it will give a lot of root shoots, which just need to be constantly cut, and to the very base.

In order for the soil to adhere well to all the roots, it is necessary to water each layer with water at the moment when you pour the earth into the hole. Thus, you and the voids under the roots will not.

It is not recommended to trample down the soil around the planted plant (often this is done with the feet), since it then becomes very compacted, which does not allow microorganisms to work intensively. In addition, in the dense soil at the roots is not enough good access of air, which they really need.

If you plant a tree too tall, be sure to tie it to a stake. But it is best to drive three stakes, inclined to the seedling, and link them together. Such planting mountain ash will be more reliable and safe for your plant.

Transplant rowan tolerates well. However, do not forget about its deep root system, so the planting material must be dug deep. If you are able to inoculate plants, then the easiest way is to dig a small cane in the forest and transplant it to the site.

When the plant takes root (it will happen next year), then in the spring you can plant several cuttings of different varieties on it at once. As a result, you get rowan for every taste. At the same time constantly cut the root growth.

Otherwise, all the grafted cuttings will start to die away from you, and only the wild eggs will remain.

Where to get the cuttings?

Ask other gardeners for pen pals or look at your neighbors. If the latter refuses to cut off a branch for you, then ask at least a pair of buds and inoculate with an eye in August. If you still do not know how to plant plants, then it’s time to learn, because it’s not so difficult.

To do this, I recommend watching the video on how to properly vaccinate == \u003e\u003e http://okulirovka.vip.sadovod.e-autopay.com Root growth of wild mountain ash that grows on the site can be used as a stock. To do this, it must be transplanted from the parent plant and inoculated with cultivars.

It should be noted that it is impossible to propagate in this way the already grafted rowan, because it has root shoots from the scion, that is, wild. Cuttings and cuttings rowan also multiplies well. This process is no different from the reproduction of black currant, which I wrote about here

When planting rowan

The most favorable period for planting mountain ash is in autumn. Due to the fact that mountain ash starts to grow, you can also manage to plant it before the end of April. Suppose you have already decided when to plant mountain ash, in this case, you must prepare a special hole with a diameter of about 60 cm and a depth of about 40-50 cm in advance. The hole is filled with fertile soil, to which humus, potash fertilizers and peat compost are added. it is necessary to water abundantly, and also to pee a circle around the trunk of a mountain ash with peat. Despite the fact that rowan undemanding to the soil and even on poor land will grow, preference should be given to fertile soils - medium and light loam. Planting several varieties of rowan will give greater yields, despite the fact that this crop is considered to be self-bearing. Rowan is one of the most undemanding plants: it is frost-resistant, it can grow even in shaded areas, almost never Protected by diseases and pests, drought-resistant, tolerates transplant well.

We planted the rowan tree behind the "outskirts" in the country house, framed by flower beds. Revered by the Russian people, a symbol of beauty, love and purity of feelings - this is our ordinary red rowan. We planted as many as four rowan trees 15 years ago, hoping only to admire them, but over time, gaining experience, we began to play around with jam from her berries and pour some liqueur (her recipe is here) with a liqueur bite.

Rowan in the country. Planting and care

Our tree is wild. Snowless, icy, windy Far Eastern winters at times. We brought tiny saplings of mountain ash from the forest in the spring, planted on the most lighted place, at a distance of about two and a half meters from each other.

Pits dug, corresponding to the size of the rhizomes, poured a good earth so that she did not feel rejected, shed well and by the fall it was already clear that she was fine. Like all wild-growing, like bird-cherry trees in our country house, we do not bypass the rowan by feeding the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium mixture in the spring.

The tree looks especially wonderful during the fruiting period, when the hands have fully matured. While caring for rowan trees, we constantly cut root shoots, remove top shoots, carry out sanitary pruning to remove old and dried branches.

We lighten the crown, removing the densely growing and inward-facing crown branches. We formed trees with a stem at a height of 50–60 cm and left between five and six skeletal branches on each. Of the diseases sometimes have to deal with ashberry aphids and mites.

Against them, Spark DE (15 grams per 10 liters of water) and colloidal sulfur (40 grams per 10 liters of water) serve us. Red rowan almost does not get sick. But for the prevention of spraying in the spring of 1% solution of Bordeaux liquids. The word "rowan" often goes along with another word- "bitter."

Indeed, the berries lose their bitterness only after the first frost or special processing. At our Far Eastern cottage, we harvest the fruits in late September and early October. Cut off with brushes. They, by the way, can be stored in a cool place in the basement.

Hold out until March. Carotene, ascorbic acid, vitamin P, calcium, phosphorus, iron, iodine, sorbitic acid contain berries of red ash. But, since our article is not on a medical topic, we’ll just get along with the briefly listed list of its elements.

From the fruits of mountain ash prepare jams, marmalades, marshmallow. Dry berries are part of the therapeutic vitamin fees, and fresh fruit compote promotes biliary excretion. Soaked berries are a good seasoning for game dishes.

Rowan house fails on ordinary rootstocks, but it shows good results after vaccination on pear dicks. If mountain ash is propagated by seeds, they are sown in spring or autumn with stratified seeds: about 150 pieces are sown per 1 meter of meter. Before stratification last year's or dried seeds are soaked for 3-4 hours.

Rowan berries closeup

Unlike wild mountain ash, gardening requires regular fertilizing, processing tree trunks, pruning, watering. Otherwise, do not wait for a good harvest. Rowan loves fertilizer.

Secrets of growing garden rowan in the country

With age (and therefore with active fruiting) the need for them increases. In the first half of summer, the mountain ash, like other garden crops, needs mineral nutrition - at this time, shoots grow intensively, flower buds are laid, fruits are formed.

Grade name	Characteristic
Titanium	The variety is bred when crossing the pollen of a pear and a red-leafed apple. From this came a strong tree with dense foliage. Fruits weigh 2 grams. They are sweet and sour, juicy, with yellow flesh, pinkish near the skin. They can be consumed fresh as well as processed. In Russia, the harvest is plentiful.
Liqueur
Grenade
Dessert
Burka
Scarlet large
Finnish
Nevezhinskaya

Category "Question-Answer"

Question number 1.

Question number 2.

Question number 3.

Elegant beauty Rowan is sung in literature and poetry for a reason. The decorative appeal of a curly tree is supported by the beneficial properties of the fruit.

Rowan: planting and care, types and varieties

Elegant beauty Rowan is sung in literature and poetry for a reason. The decorative appeal of a curly tree is supported by the beneficial properties of the fruit. Since ancient times, our ancestors served to the table delicacies of mountain ash: candied fruit, honey, jam, or spicy pickled berries. Also noteworthy are the healing properties of the plant. In the people, the berries and bark of the tree are used with a lack of vitality - avitaminosis, tincture of the fruit has hemostatic properties, has a diuretic effect. Well and, probably, there is no such Russian, who would not have tasted noble mountain ash, cooked at home.

In Russia, mountain ash is a guardian tree, magical properties were attributed to it, planted at the entrance to a house or yard. Modern gardeners also favorably refer to this tree, emitting phytoncides, they wish to decorate the landscape of their garden with it. Before you plant rowan trees in your yard, it is advisable to choose the most suitable type of tree. In total, more than a hundred of them are known; about 40 winter-resistant species grow freely in our belt. They differ in height, crown shape, fruit color. Depending on the design tasks choose krupnomer or undersized species, shrub varieties or with a spreading crown.

Designers recommend compatriots to plant rowan cultivated varieties: "Bead", "Burka", "Chernoplodnaya", "Ruby", "Granatovaya", "Sorbinka", "Titan". The unpretentiousness of these species, the early entry into fruiting, the high taste qualities of the fruits are in favor of this choice. Fruiting nevezhenskaya rowan varieties "Yellow", "Kubovy", "Red" comes late. Knitting tannins raw berries give the fruit a bitter taste. Some of them acquire a pleasant aftertaste only after the first frost, others only after processing.

The picturesque tender beauty-Rowan belongs to the category of trees of long-livers, the duration of its life washes reach hundreds of years. The question of how to plant a mountain ash correctly, so that it will please several generations, is relevant.

The first thing you need to know: the place should be chosen unopened, the soil should be nutritious, with good drainage.

Secondly, rowan is an excellent neighbor for shrubs, flowers and herbs. The deep taproot absorbs moisture at depth, does not take away nutrient moisture and plants with roots close to the surface. Plants do not compete in relation to sunlight, on the contrary, light foliage obscures, protects from scorching rays.

Trimming the tree is not needed - it looks great when the natural formation of the crown. In some cases, pest control of insecticides may be necessary.

Rowan belongs to the genus of deciduous cold-resistant trees and shrubs from the Rosaceae family. It grows on any soil, is not afraid of shade, but growing in sunny places brings great harvests. Rowan loves moisture, but does not tolerate waterlogging. It is self-infertile, therefore, several varieties should be planted on the plot at once. We will tell in the article how to plant rowan trees, at what time, how to care for seedlings.

How rowan breeds: ways

There are about 80 varieties of rowan and much more hybrids. Rowan represents a tree with delicate leaves and red-orange fruits. There are trees that are up to 2 meters high, and there are also undersized bushes - not more than 2 meters high. Fruits can have the most different color: orange, red, claret, cream, pink, yellow, white.

Rowan - a tree that is characterized by ease of growing and planting

In wild species, the fruits are bitter, in garden fruits - sweet. Many of them reproduce by seed. In the wild, the seeds are spread by small animals and birds - the rowan shoots sprout from their litter. How to grow rowan seed? Usually the seeds are harvested from the berries, then they are ground, washed, dried. Seeds are sown in September-October to a depth of 2 centimeters. Sprinkle them with humus and earth on top.

Shoots usually do not appear in the next spring, and the next. Usually, mountain ash is planted before the kidneys swell - in spring, or two or three weeks before frosts - in late autumn. Species varieties of mountain ash are grown from seeds, and ornamental - by grafting on mountain ash ordinary or Finnish, which has a more powerful and deep root system, and those plants that are grafted on it, are less poor from the dryness of the soil.

Tip # 1. As a stock it is good to use a hawthorn ordinary. Budding is carried out with a sleeping eye in late July - early August.

Rowan house fails on ordinary rootstocks, but it shows good results after vaccination on pear dicks.

Rowan-ordinary planting and care in the open field

If mountain ash is propagated by seeds, they are sown in spring or autumn with stratified seeds: about 150 pieces are sown per 1 meter of meter. Before stratification last year's or dried seeds are soaked for 3-4 hours.

The crops carried out before winter should be warmed with fallen leaves. Rowan seedlings are growing rapidly, and by the autumn they can be planted in a school for rearing and formation. Growing planting material from seeds is much easier and often more convenient than reproduction by grafting — a cutting or a sleeping kidney. But it is necessary to take into account the degree of variability of species, and the fact that during seed reproduction, entry into the time of flowering and fruiting of plants occurs later.

Some mountain ash - for example, elderberry, large-fruited, Finnish, sweet-fruited, Moravian, Burka, Nevezhinskaya and others - produce seed, when seed reproduction, is no different from the parent forms and is in no way inferior to those plants obtained by means of vaccination. Rowan shoots grow quickly and usually mature. ".

Young plants on a permanent place planted in the fall. Between vigorous species leave 3-4 meters, between the undersized - 1.5-2 meters.

Where to plant rowan and how to care for the soil

Rowan unpretentious. However, it grows best and bears fruit on loamy fertile soil with good, but not excessive moisture, as well as on sandy loam soil. If it is acidic, then it is necessary to conduct liming in advance. It is better to plant mountain ash in open sunny places - in this case its crown will be more spreading, and the crop will be richer.

Rowan will not like places near landfills, swampy places. It does not tolerate alkaline soil and soil compaction pristvolnogo circle. It is very important to monitor the soil in pristvolnyh circles. Namely - to produce watering, loosening, mulching, application of fertilizer to the top layer of soil in three doses - in the spring, before flowering, in the summer - ammophosh. After harvesting, in the fall, only phosphorus-potassium. In the vaccinated rowan, it is necessary to regularly clean wild growth that is unsuitable for reproduction.

How to grow rowan seed: step by step instructions

This way of growing a culture is very long and troublesome.

The fruits of mountain ash are gently kneaded to a consistency of gruel, which must be kept warm for 1-3 days.
Using tweezers, seeds are extracted from it.
Washed them in a gauze bag.
A little dried and sown in a pot, filled the bottom 2/3 of the soil, on top - 1/3 coarse sand.
Seeds are placed in pre-moistened sand.
The pot is kept warm for several days, then - either at a temperature of +5 degrees or deep in the snow for stratification.

Rowan berries closeup

Shoots will appear either in spring or in a year. In this way, only species plants are propagated — Kenan rowan (with white fruits, forest). Varietal rowan (sladkoplodnaya, pomegranate, pink-fruited, etc.) breeds only with the help of grafts on the wild - it is much faster and more efficient. ".

Seed preparation for germination at the mountain ash lasts 90-180 days - it depends on the weather during the growing season. Seeds that form during wet years usually have a short term stratification, and arid ones have a longer duration. This dependence is less noticeable in chokeberry. Excellent seedlings emerge from the seeds, which are laid on the stratification immediately after harvesting, without drying. If they germinate prematurely, they should be stored under snow or in a place with a temperature of 0–3 degrees.

Tip # 2. The earth is periodically moderately moistened, but so that the seeds do not germinate prematurely and do not rot.

In early spring, seeds are sown to a depth of 1.5 centimeters, into the soil, well fed with organic fertilizers. In autumn you can sow unstratified seeds, if you soak them for 24 hours in water. After sowing, the beds are immediately mulched with humus to prevent the soil from drying. In dry weather, especially if shoots appear, the plants need to be watered. During the summer you need to spend three watering.

Thin out seedlings so that between them there is a distance of 4-5 centimeters. Rowan tree is sprinkled in the same way as a pear and an apple tree. For transplanting rowan must pass at least two years. Rowan tree unpretentious - if the root system is dug carefully, it takes root in a new place quickly. Even if his leaves have fallen, most likely, it will come to life next year.

Rowan seed seeds grow easily when properly planted

How to plant cuttings rowan by the rules

Rowan seedlings are planted in spring or autumn. The distance between plants should be 3-4 meters. There should be several rowan trees on the plot: the rowan is self-productive, therefore several different varieties are needed. This will ensure a good harvest. If this is not done, then very few berries are produced.

The parameters of the landing pit should correspond to the parameters of the root system of the mountain ash: 80x50 centimeters or 60x100 centimeters (diameter and depth). 500-600 grams of superphosphate, 10-12 kg of humus, 70-130 grams of potassium salt are added to the pit. It is necessary to make a drainage layer of rubble in 10-20 centimeters. The distance between the trees should be 4-5 meters. The root neck after settling the soil should be at ground level.

Step-by-step instruction landing rowan

Cuttings should be rooted in fertile soil in February and systematically watered. For a month, spend two times feeding supplementary mineral fertilizers.
Planted plants in cloudy weather immediately after the snow melts, and the soil warms to the optimum temperature. Planting can be carried out in the fall, at the end of September, on the eve of sustained frosts. Autumn cuttings are carefully folded and wrapped in roofing felt. When the first snow falls, powder and tamp the landing.
Rowan planted in groups - 5-6 plants at a distance of 4 meters from each other.
The first two years should be regularly irrigated planting, cultivate the soil around the plants, feed complex mineral fertilizers.
From the third year on, mountain ash is not needed - the plants are already strong and grow independently. They have enough rain. In dry summer, it is necessary to water them 2-3 times per season.
For seedlings care is the same as for cuttings. Only they do not need to root, but immediately to land in prepared pits, fertilized with humus. If the humus is not laid, then it is enough to feed the saplings with complex fertilizers at least 3 times per season.

Care, fertilizer, feeding mountain ash

Unlike wild mountain ash, gardening requires regular fertilizing, processing tree trunks, pruning, watering. Otherwise, do not wait for a good harvest. Rowan loves fertilizer. With age (and therefore with active fruiting) the need for them increases. In the first half of summer, the mountain ash, like other garden crops, needs mineral nutrition - at this time, shoots grow intensively, flower buds are laid, fruits are formed.

Do not forget that the mountain ash, though a resistant plant, but also requires fertilizing and fertilizer essential trace elements

In the fall, it is desirable to make potash and phosphate fertilizers, and readily soluble nitrogen - in the spring. Phosphate-potassium fertilizer can be transferred in the spring, but the results will be obvious only after a year. If, before planting a mountain ash, it is good to fill the soil with organic fertilizers, then in the first two years in the spring only nitrogen fertilizers (25-30 g / sq. M) are applied to tree trunks.

Once every two or three years under the last tillage in October, 40-50 g / sq. m of superphosphate and 20-30 g / sq. m potassium salt.
In the first years it is better to add fertilizers to the tree trunks. When the roots are completely filled with roots, fertilizers should be evenly distributed throughout the area.
If you increase the dose of nitrogen fertilizer, it will increase the yield by almost 2-3 times, but will lower the content of vitamin R in the berries. "

How much water do you need rowan? When shoots and ovaries grow intensively, and the summer is dry, young mountain ash is watered at 20-30 l / sq. m, fruit-bearing - once a week at 40-50 l / sq. In the tree circles of young and fruiting rowan trees, the soil must be constantly loosened, weeding.

But between rows it needs to be processed no deeper than 18-20 centimeters, in the pristvolnyh strips - by 5-6 centimeters. In this case, deep processing can cause abundant root growth in grafted trees, which appears throughout the life of plants, but in young plants more intensively. Shoots grow from the base of the trunk or from the roots. And because they have favorable nutritional conditions, they develop quickly, suppressing the growth of trees.

If the root growth is not removed in time, by 5-6 years it will finally crush the tree. It is cut with a sharp knife or shears. The cut should be made close to the stem or in the top layer of soil - so as not to leave stumps. Otherwise, even more indomitable shoots will form from dormant buds.

The most common varieties of mountain ash

The most popular varieties of mountain ash are presented in the table:

Grade name	Characteristic
Titanium	The variety is bred when crossing the pollen of a pear and a red-leafed apple. From this came a strong tree with dense foliage. Fruits weigh 2 grams. They are sweet and sour, juicy, with yellow flesh, pinkish near the skin. They can be consumed fresh as well as processed. In Russia, the harvest is plentiful.
Liqueur	This is a hybrid of mountain ash and chokeberry. The berries are large, sweet, dark in color.
Grenade	To obtain this variety, common rowan and hawthorn blood-red were crossed. The berries are very large, dark red color. Suitable for all types of processing. Harvest from one tree - a maximum of 60 kg.
Dessert	The height of the tree reaches 2 meters. Pentagonal fruits have a mold form. Crop harvested as soon as ripe, otherwise the berries lose their presentation. Their taste is tart, sweet-sour. Suitable for cooking compotes.
Burka	Hybrid of alpine chokeberry and rowan. The tree is compact, undersized. Berries are rich in anthocyanins, vitamins. Designed for recycling.
Scarlet large	The variety was obtained by crossing pear pollen and Moravian mountain ash. Fruits are rich in vitamin C. Abundant fruiting occurs annually.
Finnish	The rowan of this variety is similar to the mountain ash. The difference in color. Crimson fruits become transparent as they mature. Berries are not bitter and not tart.
Nevezhinskaya	This is the most popular variety. It has sweet fruit. The variety is divided into varieties: "Red" with sweet fruits; "Cubic" with sweet and sour berries; "Yellow" with fresh berries.

Remember that mountain ash is not only a beautiful plant, but also useful, and for both people and birds

Category "Question-Answer"

Question number 1. Is it possible to plant black near the red rowan?

Can. Pollination should not be afraid. However, if we take into account that the red mountain ash is usually higher than the black fruit, it is advisable to plant them so that the first one does not shade the second. Chokeberry branches well, but it is better to grow no more than 3-4 trunks from a bush, and cut the rest straight from the ground. After 10 years, it will be necessary to change the old trunks for young ones and each year leave only 1 of the most powerful, vertically growing escape in return for the old one. Red rowan is better to grow in one, a maximum of three trunks.

Question number 2. On the site grows a lot of rowan, and in the fall the whole garden is covered with its leaves. Can I leave them to dig in the spring along with the soil?

Rowan practically does not get sick. Therefore, the leaves can not rake. They are perfect in the spring as a bait for the soil. Another use of the leaves of mountain ash: they can shift the vegetables and fruits harvested for storage in the winter - this will protect them from mold and bacteria.

Question number 3. Is it possible to transplant rowan saplings in early June?

If you can not damage the root system and ensure regular watering, then such a transplant is quite possible. When transplanting use Kornevin.

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Planting rowan in autumn

The tree is frost-resistant, the fruits are processed into juices, wine, jam, marshmallow or ground with sugar.

Also, the fruits of mountain ash are used in traditional medicine.

Rowan - light-loving plant, but at the same time the place should be protected from winds through. When choosing a planting site, preference is also given to moist but not stagnant soils.

Otherwise, the plant may die due to damage to the roots and bark.

How to plant rowan in spring

Planting rowan in autumn

Rowan for a long time is one of the symbols of Russia. The ancient Slavs even had the belief that mountain ash has the ability to protect against the evil eye.

The tree is frost-resistant, the fruits are processed into juices, wine. jam, marshmallow or fray with sugar. Also, the fruits of mountain ash are used in traditional medicine.

Rowan - light-loving plant, but at the same time the place should be protected from winds through. When choosing a planting site, preference is also given to moist but not stagnant soils. Otherwise, the plant may die due to damage to the roots and bark.

Rowan trees are planted in autumn: in September-October, one month before frost or in early spring. Too late planting can lead to the fact that the next year the sapling will be sick and lag behind in development.

In the autumn, you can more carefully approach the issue of landing mountain ash on the "right" place and ground.

A sapling is better to choose two years old - it will be stronger and stronger. It is necessary to choose a two-year plan with at least three strong root forks, the length of which should be forty centimeters. It is also possible for a one-year-old, but it is necessary to consider the parameters specified above, their consideration is at least partially important.

There are, of course, cases that the winter comes earlier, and the seedlings have already been bought - then the trees are buried. To do this, choose a small hill, digging a traditional trench - about forty centimeters.

Rowan does not tolerate an acidic soil, in such cases it is pre-limeed with slaked lime, then the seedling is laid in such a way that the top looks to the south.

Rowan does not like soil compaction and weeds, so you will need to clean pristvolny circles from weeds and necessarily loosen the surface of the soil - deep contributes to the emergence of root growth that slows down the development of the tree. Therefore, if it appears, it must be cut, leaving no hemp.

This location should save rowan from burns of the February and March sun. To cover the roots and about half of the trunk with soil, trample and water it abundantly. After water is absorbed, peat is poured or the earth is in the form of a mound, to protect the root system from winter frosts. When there are a lot of mice in the garden, the hole is covered with spruce leaves and periodically snow is snowed in winter.

How to plant rowan

Rowan grows on any soil, is not afraid of shading, but in sunny places it gives great harvests, it is moisture-loving, but does not tolerate overwetting. Rowan samobesplodnaya, therefore, should be planted on the site of at least 3 varieties.

When you need to plant rowan

Rowan trees are planted, as a rule, in the spring - before the kidneys swell or in the autumn - two to three weeks before the onset of sustained frost.

Planting mountain ash

Landing pits are prepared in advance. Ideally, for spring planting, the pits should be dug in the fall, and for the autumn - 2-3 weeks before planting. The optimal size of the pits for trees is 1 m in diameter, the depth is up to 0.8 m. For shrubs, a pit of 0.6–0.8 m in diameter and 0.5 m in depth is sufficient. Such a large volume is necessary so that the young and still weak roots of the seedling, developing, at least for the first year or two, do not spend power on breaking through dense layers of untouched soil. When digging the pit, first remove the top, fertile soil layer to the depth of the spade bayonet and fold it to the edge of the pit. The lower, barren layer is taken out and folded separately. Fertilizers are laid in the pit: 1-1.5 kg of double superphosphate, 50-100 g of potassium sulfate, the same amount of potassium chloride, up to 1 kg of wood ash, up to 1.5 kg of fluff lime, 1-2 compost buckets or well-rotten manure . All fertilizers are thoroughly mixed with half of the ground taken out of the top of the pit. A third of the mixture mixed with fertilizers is again removed from the pit and then used when planting the seedling together with the remaining soil. If the soil in your garden is heavy enough, add a couple of buckets of sand to the ground that has been extracted from the pit.

Rowan: planting, growing, care

When light, sandy soil in the lower part of the pit sprinkle clay or loamy soil.

Rowan breeding

Rowan breeds root suckers, layering, cuttings, grafting on rowan seedlings, and to obtain dwarf plants - on chokeberry, seeds. Fresh seeds are sown in autumn or spring. The main breeding method is grafting or budding on winter-hardy roots of the mountain ash. The grafted seedlings begin to bear fruit at the age of 4–5, the scions of the mountain ash ordinary - at 6–7, and the elderberry –– for the 2–3rd year. In the first years, the fruit buds are laid on the fruit twigs, in the future, the dominant fruit formations become collar.

Mountain ash fertilizer

Rowan care is not so difficult. It is necessary to regularly remove the seedlings from the root collar, water and fertilize the soil. Loosening the soil is another important condition in the cultivation of rowan. In spring, the mountain ash is growing very actively, so at this time it is necessary to carry out feeding and pruning, and as quickly as possible. In young plants, you can cut the broken or weak shoots, long stems make shorter. Weak plants are pruned for 2-3 year old wood, so new shoots will grow faster. In the third year of life, the plants must be fertilized, and mineral fertilizers are suitable for this purpose. In the spring they make nitrogen, phosphate and potash fertilizers. In the summer, the soil is fed with the same fertilizers, only in smaller quantities. And after they harvest, they apply only phosphate and potash fertilizers in the amount of 10 grams per square meter. Fertilizers do not need to be deeply embedded in the soil, then slightly dug up the soil and watered with plenty of water. DON'T BE GIFT, SHARE THE ARTICLE WITH FRIENDS.

RECIPES FROM BERRIES AND FRUITS

How to grow mountain ash at their summer cottage

Planting mountain ash

Our tree is wild. Snowless, icy. Windy Far Eastern winters at times. We brought tiny saplings of mountain ash to a site from a forest in spring, planted on the most lighted place, at a distance of about two and a half meters from each other. Pits dug, corresponding to the size of the rhizomes, poured a good earth so that she did not feel rejected, shed well and by the fall it was already clear that she was fine. Like all wild, like bird cherry. trees in our country house, we do not bypass the rowan-side, feeding the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium mixture in the spring.

Rowan ordinary - an excellent ornamental plant, successfully complementing the landscape design of the cottage. With a pyramidal, rounded crown, delicate leaves, many-flowered inflorescences, bright red and orange fruits. The tree looks especially wonderful during the fruiting period, when the hands have fully matured.

Rowan care

While caring for rowan trees, we constantly cut root shoots, remove top shoots, carry out sanitary pruning to remove old and dried branches. We lighten the crown, removing the densely growing and inward-facing crown branches. We formed trees with a stem at a height of 50–60 cm and left between five and six skeletal branches on each.

Of the diseases sometimes have to deal with ashberry aphids and mites. Against them, Spark DE (15 grams per 10 liters of water) and colloidal sulfur (40 grams per 10 liters of water) serve us. Red rowan almost does not get sick. But for the prevention of spraying in the spring of 1% solution of Bordeaux liquids.

The word "rowan" often goes along with another word - "bitter." Indeed, the berries lose their bitterness only after the first frost or special processing. At our Far Eastern dacha we harvest the fruits in late September and early October. Cut off with brushes. They, by the way, can be stored in a cool place in the basement. They hold out until March.

Carotene, ascorbic acid, vitamin P, calcium, phosphorus, iron, iodine, sorbitic acid contain berries of red ash. But, since our article is not on a medical topic, we’ll just get along with the briefly listed list of its elements.

A rowan ordinary, poetozed by the people and shrouded in legends about the magical properties, is ubiquitous. It is believed that rowan should be planted near the farmstead as a bright accent of the garden composition and a component of the classic Russian landscape. Thanks to its catchy alongside, the red rowan is an obligatory element of lush ensembles of white birch, other decorative or deciduous or low coniferous trees. She is also picturesque as a soloist. The fruits are used in cooking, but more often they become a life-saving natural barn for wintering birds.

Description

Rowan is a frost-resistant shade-tolerant tree or shrub of the Rosaceae family, it grows up to 10 m, the crown width reaches 6 m. The root system is powerful, penetrates deep into the soil. Rowan lives over a hundred years. The decorativeness of the tree is given by the complexly elongated leathery leaves, which consist of small pointed leaves: bright green in the summer, yellow-scarlet in the autumn. In late spring, the tree is decorated with bouquets of fragrant white-pink or cream flowers. And from mid-summer to the end of winter - orange-red bunches of berries. The fruits are astringent, sweet-sour, with a bitter taste, rich in vitamins and microelements.

Gather berries in August, September. From the fruit is prepared jam, jams, various desserts. Rowan is widely used as a medicinal plant.

Sorta

Breeders brought a lot of varieties. There are hybrids obtained by crossing or pollinating with the material of apple, pear, hawthorn.

The largest fruit, the size of a cherry, in varieties Alaya large, Sorbinka, Garnet.
Less berries at the mountain ash Titan, Ruby, Hope, Beauty.
The varieties Ruby, Nadezhda, Vefed, Businka are distinguished by a small height.

Breeding

Rowan multiply in several ways: seeds, grafting, shoots, layering. Features that need to be taken into account, each method has.

Trees grow from seeds with unpredictable qualities that begin to bloom and bear fruit later.
Trees, repeating the properties of the maternal form, are grown with seeds of such species and varieties as Burka, Nevezhinskaya, Moravian, Finnish, Buzinolistnaya and some others.
Rowan, obtained by crossing, propagated by vaccinations. Inoculate on ordinary mountain ash or hawthorn. The best stock for rowan home - pear dick.

A favorable material for vaccinations is Finnish mountain ash: it has a powerful root system that penetrates deep into the soil.

Sowing seeds

From the berries you can independently prepare seed.

Until autumn, seeds extracted from the berries should be in a wet substrate.
If seeds are sown in spring, they are soaked for several hours.
For sowing seeds of red rowan choose a sunny place.
Grooves are made in the ground, they are covered with humus above them, the seeds are buried 1.5 cm.
Autumn crops are covered with a layer of leaves.
The following year, the seedlings are transplanted.

After two or three years from young trees they form a stem at a height of 80 cm and implant cuttings of the varieties they like.

Transplanting wild shoots

If you take material for stock from the forest, trees are dug deep, because the rowan has a well-developed root system. In a year, when the tree takes root, several cuttings are planted on it. For effectiveness, they take cuttings of more than one variety.

You should always carefully remove shoots from the roots of mountain ash, on which grafted cuttings take root. Otherwise, the growth will take all the nutrients, and the cuttings will die.

Requirements for seedlings

Young trees should be of high quality: fresh, with good, not dry roots. Buy 1–2-year-old saplings with the following characteristics:

3-4 branches with a length of up to 20-30 cm depart from the central root;
bark smooth, smooth, without damage;
there is a conductor and several branches.

Carry seedlings wrapped in a damp cloth or polyethylene.

If planting mountain ash does not pursue only a decorative goal, but wants to eat fresh vitamin products, buy different varieties for more efficient pollination.

The dates of autumn planting rowan

The period for timely planting red rowan trees depends on the climatic conditions of the region.

In the central regions, the best time is from the second decade of September to mid-October.
Residents of the northern regions planted mountain ash in September - early October.
The same terms are acceptable for the Urals and Siberia.
In the south, landing will be successful in October and early November.

Choosing a place

Tall varieties are placed around the perimeter of the plot, otherwise the tree will shade other plants. Since mountain ash is winter-hardy, it is often distinguished for the northern side.

The plant tolerates shade and sun equally well, likes wet areas, but groundwater should not exceed 1 m.

The best soil for mountain ash is fertile loam that retains water for a long time, although the tree also grows on less nutritious soil. It develops poorly on alkaline soil, sandy sand should be fertilized. Acidic soils alkalify - you will need from 200 g to 1 kg of lime or dolomite flour.

Landing

Young trees planted in the fall, better take root. In spring, planting is carried out in April, because the mountain ash starts growing season early.

Before planting, the leaves are removed, the damaged branches and roots are cut off, the seedling is placed for several hours in a clay talker.
When spring planting red rowan is planted, seedlings are soaked in water for 48 hours.
A pit for planting is dug in size 0.6 x 0.6 x 0.4 m, receding from other trees 4-6 m.
The removed top layer of soil is mixed with 5-6 kg of compost or humus, 100 g of superphosphate, 25 g of potassium sulfate or 300 g of wood ash.
Water is poured, then a seedling and pegs are placed in the middle to support it.
Filling the hole with earth, the root neck of the seedling should be raised 5 cm above the soil.
The stem is cut from above to 20-25 cm; .
Soil compacted, watered and mulched.

Care for young rowan

After planting, take care of the seedlings.

Pruning is done before sap flow. They remove damaged branches and shorten those that have grown the longest, to the outer bud.
Water plentifully - 20-30 liters per tree. During the season, up to 4 irrigations are carried out if there is not enough natural rainfall. The soil is then covered with mulch. To properly water the tree, you need to pour water into the grooves dug across the diameter of the crown.
The soil is cleaned of weeds.
Before frosts, the trunk is warmed with dense agrofibre and spruce branches. Down sling snow.

If fertilizers are used during planting, mountain ash is fed only in the second year, in the spring, adding nitrogenous substances to stimulate the development of the tree. In the third year after planting, rowan is fed three times, sprinkling the soil under the crown with the preparations. Then dig up the soil and watered.

Before flowering, mountain ash is supported by such fertilizers: 20-25 g of nitrogen and phosphorus, 15 g of potash preparations per 1 sq. Km. m
In July - 10-15 g of phosphate and nitrogen fertilizers, 10 g of potash.
At the end of August, potash and phosphate funds are introduced - 10 g each.

How to care for an adult tree?

Rowan trees, on which grafts of different varieties were planted, begin to bear fruit already on the 2nd – 4th year after planting. Caring for rowan ordinary provides regular watering during the drought period at the rate of 10 liters of water per 1 square. m projection of the crown. After watering the soil should be mulched. Regularly removed shoots that grow below the root collar. And the shoots must be cut low, without hemp. If the tree is grafted, cut off the shoots that grow below the grafting site.

Rowan itself forms a pyramidal crown of branches growing at an acute angle. Therefore, regular pruning prevents thickening and increases the illumination of the crown. Leave only those branches that depart from the center conductor at an angle of 45 degrees and more. In the fall and spring they carry out sanitary pruning.

Trees are quite resistant to diseases and pests. Rowan leaves and bark damage moths, scoop caterpillars, sawflies, mites, against which ordinary insecticides are used.

Rowan is able to withstand smoke and is widely used in landscaping. Her openwork leaves and bright clusters bring a touch of lyrics to the urban landscape.

Rowan is a tall, winter-hardy tree with bright orange-red fruits. The berries are astringent, bitter in taste, but their appearance attracts a lot of birds, so mountain ash is an excellent protection for other crops. In addition, you can plant and replant wild rowan, dug out of the forest.

The time of autumn planting is determined by the climate of the area where mountain ash will grow:

In the central region, the best period will be mid-September - mid-October.
In southern latitudes, it is best to plant rowan from the beginning of October to the beginning of November.
In the northern regions, an acceptable period will be the entire September - early October.
Autumn planting is most suitable for Siberia and the Urals, because spring is not stable in these areas, there is a risk of frost or, on the contrary, extreme heat. While autumn flows with a comfortable temperature and enough rainfall.

If planting dates have been missed, then the seedling must be maintained until spring. In this case, use one of the three existing methods:

Storage in the basement:

The roots of the seedlings are lowered into a container with wet peat, sand and sawdust.
The room should be comfortable conditions (air temperature from 0 to +10 degrees and 85-90% humidity)
Once a week, the root system is additionally moisturized.

Adding:

At the site they dig a deep hole and place the seedling roots there at an angle of 45 degrees.
Then it is instilled using a moist mixture of sand and peat.

Snowing:

Sapling must be wrapped with a damp cloth and prikopat in this state in the snow. In this case, the temperature will be optimal for him.

Using the latter method, you need to ensure that the sapling does not bare, and the snow layer always remains thick.

Pros and cons of autumn planting

In the autumn, you can buy seedlings at a reduced price.
Also during this period, planting material will be fresh, so you can appreciate its health and condition, both foliage and root system.
Autumn planting will deliver much less hassle, the gardener will be relieved of the need to constantly check the level of soil moisture. All work will be done for him by nature.
The young trees planted this season will start to grow 2-3 weeks earlier than during spring planting.
Also, many summer residents are attracted by the prospect of saving time. In the fall, there are not many things left in the garden, which cannot be said about the spring period, when there will be a lot of trouble.

Because of winter frosts, both the root system and the tree itself can freeze over.
Also on the health of red rowan can affect the strong wind, which will break off the young twigs.
Another disadvantage are attacks of rodents, which can damage the tree in late autumn.

How to plant rowan - important rules

In order for the autumn planting to succeed and the mountain ash to settle down in a new place, experienced gardeners recommend sticking to a few basic rules:

The planting material must be in perfect condition, if the roots begin to curl, then such a tree will take root worse and you need to plant it before the cold weather.
If the seedling was purchased with a closed root system or a special grid, then they do not need to get rid of.
When skipping the terms of the autumn planting, it is better to postpone the procedure for the spring period.
Do not overdo it with the amount of fertilizer applied.

Manure can not be used as a top dressing, it can burn and damage the young root system.

A small tree must be prepared for the cold.
It is advisable to tie a rowan planted in the fall to a support so that it does not sway and break during a strong wind.

How to plant rowan in the fall?

Autumn planting is different from the spring in many respects. What would rowan, planted before the onset of cold weather, caught on a new place and grew well, you must adhere to the time-tested rules.

Selection of seedlings

Before you start planting you need to purchase a quality seedling.

The root system must be hydrated, with no visible damage, with 3-4 main branches and a length of 25-30 centimeters.
The presence of shriveled bark indicates that the planting material has been dried out.
The crown should also be well developed, the presence of the main conductor and the main branches is very important.

During transport, the roots of the seedling are wrapped in a damp cloth and placed in a plastic bag.

Sapling preparation for planting:

Before planting, remove all dry and damaged branches, the same rule applies to the roots of the tree.
For the best moistening, the root system of the seedling is placed in a clay mash for 2-3 hours.

In order for all the forces of the tree to grow and grow on a new place, it is necessary to remove all green foliage.

Selection and preparation of a site for planting or transplanting a tree

Rowan is famous for its unpretentiousness and the ability to settle down on various soils. But in order for the tree to grow and bear fruit better, the following conditions are observed:

The best option would be loamy or sandy sandy soil.
The soil should be loose and neutral, drainage from expanded clay is welcomed.
Rowan loves sunlight very much, so it’s better to choose a shaded area.
The soil must be well hydrated.
It is desirable that the groundwater level be below 1.5 meters, but the rowan also suffers a closer location.

Rowan planted at a distance of 4-5 meters from other trees. About 2-3 weeks before planting the seedling, it is necessary to prepare a planting pit, it should be time to infuse.

The depth of the pit is 40-50 centimeters, the width will depend on the size of the root system of the seedling.
Topsoil mixed with:

Bucket compost or humus;

150 grams of superphosphate;

300 grams of wood ash.

The resulting mixture is filled with one third of the pit.
Then half of it is filled with barren land.

Planting mountain ash in open ground:

Before planting, a bucket of water is poured into the prepared hole and they wait until it is absorbed.
Then there is placed a seedling, which must be carefully straighten the roots.
The root neck should be 5-7 centimeters above ground level.
When filling the pit, it is recommended to slightly shake the tree in order to fill all air pockets.
After the mountain ash is planted, the soil around the tree trunk is carefully tamped and watered carefully.
At the final stage it is necessary to mulch a tree trunk with humus or peat.

Departure after landing

In order for a tree to properly form and grow strong and healthy, you need to properly care for it in the first years of life. To do this, follow these rules:

The first 2-3 years do not fertilize rowan, because it will have enough nutrients introduced during planting. An exception will be nitrogen fertilizers that stimulate tree growth. They can be made from 2 years of landing.
During irrigation, 2-3 buckets of water are spent on one rowan. Watering the tree 4-5 times per season, in the presence of heavy summer precipitation, you can leave only spring and autumn watering. After each application of moisture, the ground must be mulched.

Water mountain ash along the furrows or using special grooves.

In the autumn, the soil around the trunk is dug up to a depth of 10-15 centimeters. During the whole season, the ground near the tree should be kept clean and loose.

How to prepare red rowan for winter

A newly planted tree will not have time to fully grow stronger before the onset of cold weather, therefore it needs to be helped and managed to survive the cold. To do this, the gardener must perform the following actions:

Rowan trunk wrapped with burlapafter which the construction is warmed with the help of lapnik.
The lower part of the trunk needs additional protection, so it needs to be buried with fallen snow and make sure that its quantity does not decrease and does not bare vulnerable areas.
For, in order to avoid sunburn, the trunk of mountain ash must be whitened.
Protection from rodents can provide special pesticides, which are scattered around the tree.

How to transplant rowan to a new place correctly?

Now let's talk about how to transplant rowan. If you move trees to a new place, whose age does not exceed 4-5 years, the rules of transplantation will be similar to the rules of the initial planting. The only difference is that when transplanting you need to independently dig up rowan from the ground. In carrying out this procedure, it is worth remembering that this culture has a very extensive root system that cannot be damaged.

As for the transplant of mature trees, such work will be much more difficult:

The best time is late autumn, when the tree is in a state of biological rest.
The daytime temperature should be -1-3 degrees, the night temperature can be no less than -15 degrees.
The height of the tree should not exceed 3 meters, otherwise the transplant will be much more difficult.
Rowan need to dig very carefully. Initially, a groove is made around the trunk of the tree, with a radius of about 1 meter, then the soil is carefully removed, and large roots must be cut. It is easiest to remove the tree from the pit using levers.
Earthen clod, formed on the roots, be sure to save, for this it is wrapped with hessian and spread on a thick film or iron sheet. Then in this state the wood is dragged to a new place.

The optimal size of the earthy coma for a 10-year-old tree is 100 centimeters in diameter and 60 in depth.

The landing pit should be 40 centimeters larger than the size of an earthy coma.
At its bottom make 5-centimeter layers of claydite, soil and snow. This manipulation is repeated 3 times, after which the tree is moved into a hole and carefully buried.
At the final stage, the soil is tamped and mulched thoroughly.

To prevent the tree from dying in a new place, you need to keep its orientation relative to the cardinal points.

Autumn planting is the most optimal for rowan. This culture tolerates winter frosts. In addition, trees planted in autumn grow much faster, which means that the harvest can be harvested much earlier.

And at the end we offer to watch a short video about the care of rowan in spring and autumn:

Rowan is very beautiful both during flowering and with clusters ripened on the branches. The berries on the tree are kept for a long time, they are not afraid of frost, they are tasty in the form of juices, jelly, jams, jam, marshmallows or simply ground with sugar. On their basis, you can even prepare homemade medicine. Therefore, many gardeners are interested in having at least one rowan tree on their plot. It is a classic of the Russian landscape. And the ancient Slavs attributed rowan ability to protect the compound from any evil spirits.

Planting and cultivation of mountain ash.

Growing mountain ash is possible on the most ordinary soil, but in the lungs the tree will grow worse and produce less yield than it could. The most favorable planting mountain ash in the fall. The landing pit, 60x60 cm in size, is filled with fertile soil, about 5 kg of peat bog or humus, 100 g of potash fertilizer and 200 g of superphosphate are added to it.
To get a seedling is easiest and faster if you plant a bud or stalk on a seedling of any kind of mountain ash. This can still be done with the help of layering, vaccinations, seeds and root suckers.

You can grow rowan from freshly harvested berries, which are harvested when they start to grow brown. They need to be freed from the pulp. Before autumn sowing, seeds should remain moist. Shallow grooves are made in the soil, they are filled with humus, deepening one and a half centimeters. Land in a well-lit area. When the seedlings grow, transplant them to a permanent place. In the process of leaving, form a stem up to 80 cm in height and plant a pair of cuttings into its upper part, from which you will later form a crown. According to the technique, inoculation of mountain ash is done in the same way as on an apple tree.

Rowan care, crown formation and pruning.

After that, all care is reduced to weeding in time, removing rootstock growth, fertilizing, watering and loosening the soil. Pristvolny circle would also be nice to mulch (cover with straw, needles, dried grass). Before the start of fruiting in the pristvolnom circle of irrigation should form a puddle - this is the advice of experienced gardeners.
Cuttings are made in case the uterine tree has a low-branch shape, which will allow you to easily bend the branches to the ground.
In grafted plants, fruits will appear for 2-4 years. It is advisable to plant or plant a couple of varieties at least so that they are cross-pollinated.
Pruning is done to evenly illuminate the tree, hence for greater yield. Since the crown of the mountain ash is pyramidal, and the branches from the trunk depart at an acute angle - this is bad for their strength. Therefore, when forming the main skeletal branches, try to bring them out at a blunt or right angle.

Pruning is done in early spring before the buds swell. In young trees, shoots are weakly shortened to the outer bud, and shoots that are outgoing at an acute angle and excess are removed. Varieties that bear fruit on last year's growths, thinning branches and shorten a little. If the gain is weak, rejuvenating pruning on two or five-year wood will help. The rowan, on which several varieties are grafted, is shortened to semi-skeletal branches, and in the most productive years they thin out collar (the smallest branches). Rowan shoots grow pretty quickly, by winter almost all grow ripe.

Varieties of red rowan

There are many varieties of red rowan, but at home more sweet varieties are more interesting for growing:

Russian or Liquor variety bred Michurin - he crossed an ordinary forest rowan with black chokeberry. It has high winter hardiness and yield. Large fruits up to 15 mm in diameter are almost black. Mainly used for cooking liqueurs, tinctures and preserves.

Rowan home very common throughout Central Asia, growing in the Crimea. Differs in very large green size with plum fruits. The tree is very tall - almost 15 m tall.

Variety Nevezhinskaya. The tree is high up to 10 m with a wide pyramidal crown, durable. It has dark gray branches and a trunk that darken with age. It has oblong-pointed large buds and elongated, red 5-sided fruits. The taste is good, there is no bitterness. Ripens in August-September.

Variety Pomegranate. Obtained by crossing mountain ash with hawthorn. The height of the tree is up to 4 m. It has a very sparse crown. Fruits faceted pomegranate colors have a slightly tart sweet taste and become ripe in August-September.

Grade Titan. Received in 1916 by I.V. Michurin. He pollinated a hybrid seedling of mountain ash with apple pollen of various varieties and pears. The tree is tall, almost 10 m tall with a thick pyramidal crown. Fruits are faceted red, juicy. The taste is sweet and sour. High-yielded winter-hardy variety.

Ruby variety. Obtained as a result of pollination of mountain ash with pear pollen of different varieties. Fruits are sweet and sour faceted, dark red.

Most rowan varieties are self-productive; therefore, for a good harvest, it is advisable to plant several different varieties for cross-pollination. You can negotiate with your neighbors and plant trees on both sides of the fence of different varieties. If you plant only one tree, plant a pair of other varieties in the crown.

Harvesting

Rowan berries on the branches are kept for a long time. Harvest from the bitter varieties better after the first frost, to go astringency. The berries of sladkoplodnyh varieties are removed immediately when ripe, so that they are not pecked by birds. You can cut off low-growing trees with your hands, and cut brushes with lobsters from high. If the berries are removed after freezing, then they can be stored all winter in brushes in a cold place or frozen. And the fruits collected before the frosts should be cleaned from leaves, branches and peduncles, sifted, laid out in the air and dried in the sun or in the oven. About 20 kg of fruit are usually harvested from one tree.