Violet belongs to the genus Violet (Violaceae). This is a small plant with velvet, round leaves, with a low point of growth. Flowers of classical violet also have a velvet texture, the color is varied: from white to bright purple. This plant grows mainly in the northern hemisphere, in the mountains. Violet prefers a temperate climate. In modern floriculture, this plant took one of the first places.

This is not by chance, because few people can remain indifferent in front of a small, velvety, sweet flower. In the world there are more than 500 species of violets. Passing through the window with a copiously blooming violet florist - for the amateur is almost impossible. Violet is an unusually romantic, touching flower, suitable for refined, subtle nature.

Violet: care

When choosing a location for violets, it is necessary to give preference to well-consecrated windows, but in no case should direct rays fall. It is detrimental to the plant, leaves can get burns from direct rays.

Well suited northwest windows. If there is no choice, and you have all the windows in the south, it is necessary to cover the violets during the midday solstice.

The optimum temperature for the content of violets is +20, +24 degrees.

The plant blooms throughout the year, and there are practically no breaks in the bloom of the violet. With proper care, it will delight you with abundant blooms all year round. Faded flower stalks should be removed so that they do not take away nutrients from the plant and do not spoil the decorative appearance of the violet.

Violet: watering

When caring for violets, watering should be given special attention. This process is far from how many other indoor plants. It is very important that the watering of the violet is carried out from below.


Water from above, like ordinary flowers, this plant is impossible. Otherwise, the violet will simply start to rot. Water should be warm, 28-30 degrees, and well-settled.

If the water is at room temperature, it should be slightly heated, for example, using a microwave. Water is poured into a deep bowl or tray, and the pot with violet is lowered into it by 2/3, but in no case should water overflow the edges of the pot.

When the flower is saturated with water, the ground will become wet, take out the violet from the pan.

Such manipulations should be carried out no more than once a week and after the earth dries.

Violet: transplanting

Transplanting is necessary with the choice of a pot. Violet loves small, low containers, but in too small pots the violet leaves will be very small.


The optimal size of the tank is 10-12 cm in diameter, and 10 cm in height. Violets require good drainage, it should take at least 1/3 of the pot. The land can be used as special for senpoly and violets, as well as usual with the addition of a small amount of charcoal.

Violet requires an annual transplant. It is necessary to change the ground once a year, but you can plant in the same pots where it grew earlier.

It is better to transplant when the plant is in a dormant period, without flowers.

But a good strong plant will survive the transplant in flowering form.

Violet: fertilizer

So, since the violet blooms almost all year round, fertilizers must be applied every 2 weeks. If the plant is still at rest, fertilize enough once every 4 weeks. Fertilizer is added to the water for irrigation. You can take a universal fertilizer for flowering plants.

Violet: breeding


Mostly violets are propagated with a leaf. This is quite simple.
  It is necessary to choose a healthy strong leaf, cut it with a sharp knife, so that the stem is 2-3 cm, plant it in a separate pot.

A violet leaf can sit in the ground for a long time, maybe even the leaf will dry out, but it's not scary.

Some do not plant a leaf directly into the ground, but at first they keep it in a jar with water until the roots appear. Both the first and second method is quite effective.

For many gardeners, violet is the most favorite indoor flower. It is also called Saintpaulia or Uzambara violet. It owes its popularity to the variety of colors and not very difficult care at home.  The flower is native to the tropics and subtropics of South America, Africa, Asia and Australia. In the 19th century, flower lover Walter von Saint-Paul first discovered violet on the African continent. Today there are about two thousand varieties and species of this representative flora, which are described below.

Violet is a small plant with a short stem. From it, on long petioles, there are multiple leaves covered with villi of various shapes and colors. They are rounded or heart-shaped, reaching a length of 8 cm. Flowers of Saintpaulia in size from 3 cm, grow in inflorescences of several pieces.  Coloring is infinitely diverse, some varieties except the main color on the flowers have a border, points, stripes and spots. Do not smell.


Saintpaulia is classified according to many parameters, in particular according to the following:

  • outlet size:  microminiature, miniature, semi-miniature, standard, large;
  • flower size:  small-flowered, medium-flowered, large-flowered, single-flowered;
  • flower type:  simple, semi-double, terry;
  • form:  Annie, star, rounded flowers, bell, wasp, spider;
  • color:  monophonic, two-tone, two-color or multi-color;
  • sheet form:  round, oval, heart-shaped, elongated;
  • sheet type:  boys, girls;
  • edge of the sheet:  rounded, entire, serrated, corrugated, wavy, torn.

Types and varieties

Violet varieties are an incredible variety. To distinguish them, often prefixes are written before the name,  which help to find out what kind of author in a particular variety. For example, EC - Ekaterina Korshunova. Below are some of the most popular varieties bred by domestic breeders.

Frosty cherry


Refers to the form of semi-double violets. Cherry color with white center and border.  The color becomes more saturated with the maturation of the plant.

Another color is very dependent on lighting, the less light, the brighter the flower will be.

The pigment changes, depending on the temperature, the higher it is, the more pronounced is the red color, and white prevails at low temperatures. The leaves are simple, painted with plain green.

Sea wolf


In accordance with the classification, the flowers of this orchid are very large semi-double wavy colorful blue stars with an openwork pattern. 3-5 flowers grow on peduncles.  At the beginning of the dissolution, the flowers have a juicy blue tone, and over time they become slightly lighter. The leaves are glossy, torn dark-green color on top and burgundy below. In the case of an abundance of light, the leaves fall a little. This variety is not very whimsical in home care.

Winter Smiles


Violet is semi-double or terry, the coloring of rather considerable colors is light pink with wine-red strokes and light green lace on the edges of the petals. On steady peduncles 3-5 flowers are placed.  The leaves are round, slightly elongated, quilted with a jagged edge of a yellow-green shade. Saintpaulia is recommended for beginner flower growers as a fairly easy-to-care plant.

Bridal bouquet


This flower is striking in its beauty. It has huge white terry corrugated stars with voluminous ruffles, with a yellow stamen in the center. Flowers remain fresh for a long time and do not fade. The leaves are simple light green. The variety is very prolific, not capricious and does not require special attention.

Battle of the Bulls


Very beautiful bright violet, the color of which looks new in different viewing angles. According to the classification by flower, they are large semi-double or double crimson stars. On the peduncle is 3-5 flowers.  Their real size flowers show only after 3-4 flowering. Rosette symmetrical bright green. Leaves are elongated.

White Queen


The enchanting beauty of this violet is a large puff of semi-double and terry wavy rounded white stars, about 7 cm in size. The tips of the flowers have a greenish tint. Blooming violet hat shape.  Sheets average pointed green color. The socket is compact and neat.

Lyubasha


Violet with soft pink terry corrugated flowers in the size of about 6 cm, which have a white-green border 2 mm wide.  The flowers are very voluminous, resembling a ball, many flower growers mark their magnificent shape. Lyubasha blooms very abundantly and for a long time. Rosette of light green colors. In home care is not whimsical.

Magic of Love


Socket at the emerald green color violets of medium size. The flowers are huge, densely-terry, rounded purple-red stars with a piping at the edge of the petals, which contrast with the main color of the violet. The magic of love is very easy to care for,  Some growers notice that even children can take care of them.

Black Pearl


Violet blooms nodding, huge, about 7 cm, thick-terry cherry-purple balls  on hardy peduncles. Often the flowers when blooming are miniature, and become impressive after a while. Leaves of dark green color, the socket is quite dense.

Yesenia


Flowers are large semi-double white colors. On the petal shade from purple to dark purple colors. Also flowers have one feature - these are ears that are a few tones darker than the main color. The edges are decorated with ruffles of white and green. The outlet is very neat.

Origami


Insanely huge white terry vast stars-balls. The petals are completely covered with waves and are made up of triangles at the beginning of blooming,  which resembles origami in appearance - paper products in Japanese art. Sheets neat and bright.

Perfect Creole


Unusual beauty violet. Flowers with voluminous voluminous mahr. Curly dark blue coloring reach 4-5 cm in size. Peduncles durable, sometimes drop when disclosing all the colors, the number of which 5-7 pieces.  Unblown green leaves form a small rosette. This variety is very easy to clean. Natural lighting is perfectly acceptable.

Chateau Brion


The texture of the petals is similar to porcelain. On strong erect peduncles flowers hold their shape for a long time and do not age. They are large, velvet wine-ruby stars with a snow-white corrugated border. Blooming hat shape. The leaves are slightly elongated, sinuous green.  The outlet is of normal size, compact and neat. Leaves ovoid stretched wavy shape.

Duchess


Violet blooms in a bouquet of huge shaggy corrugated flowers of white color with a plum-colored coating. Flowers open gradually, with little speed,  but according to most flower lovers, the wait is worth the result. Medium green foliage forms a large outlet.

An overabundance of light adversely affects the development of the flower, especially the opening of the buds.

The beauty of flowers corresponding to a sight is not shown from the first flowering.

Green Lagoon


The plant is very unusual and fragile, interesting colors. The flowers are large, terry with a fringe, white with blue blots with outer green petals,  shaped like cabbage. Sheets wavy light green color. The socket is very dense with raised sheets. Sometimes the flower at home is naughty, the flowers are not always perfect and often the buds do not open, and the leaves are darker than expected.

Reproduction at home

There are several ways to grow a plant. But the most commonly used method of breeding leaf, it is carried out, as a rule, in spring and summer.


First you need to choose a healthy leaf from a plant that is not damaged by insects or ailments. It is desirable to choose a sheet from the second or third row.  The method of separating the sheet may be breaking off or cutting, the second method is recommended as more acceptable. After that, the rooting of the sheet. This procedure can also be carried out using several methods. The first is rooting in water, and the second is in the ground. After the leaf gives the roots, you need to transplant it into a permanent pot.

Planting: selection of pot and soil

For planting violets, the pot is used small, so that the roots would not grow, and they will take all the strength of the flower. Soil for violets can be used ready bought at a flower shop, and also prepare it yourself using a mixture of turf, coniferous, leafy or peaty ground adding baking powder: sand, perlite, vermiculite, chopped sphagnum moss. A prerequisite for landing is the presence of drainage.


The plant is transplanted at least once a year.  The main reason is the decrease in the size of the leaves due to the fact that the flower grows and it becomes crowded. During the growth of violets, it forms side sockets that must be separated from the main bush, it contributes to better flowering.

When transplanting the bare part of the stem should not exceed 6 cm. The new pot in this case is used one size larger than the previous one.

Features of care of the senpolia

Violets love light, which plays an important role in the flowering process. But it is also recommended to avoid direct sunlight.

Particular attention should be paid to watering the flower,  as due to the large amount of water the roots most often rot, resulting in the death of the violet. Senpolia requires high humidity, but spraying is undesirable for this, as this procedure can cause staining on the sheets.


This plant is thermophilic, the ideal temperature is + 16-21 degrees.  Fertilizer is recommended to use no more than once a month.

Diseases and pests of room violets

Even observing all the rules of caring for violet, diseases and insects can arise unexpectedly.

Infectious plant diseases:

  • Fusarium (rots rosette)
  • Mealy dew
  • Late blight
  • Gray rot

Pests:

  • Redhead

Growing violets does not require special care, there is nothing difficult in it, and any amateur grower can replenish his collection with this incredible beauty flower.  Providing him with the right care, the plant will please you with abundant flowering and wonderful appearance throughout the year.

Video about the most beautiful varieties of Usambara violets

Violets can be safely called one of the most popular indoor plants. In many countries, they symbolize the arrival of spring. Their small tender inflorescences are full of grace and remind of unity with nature. These plants are unpretentious, do not take up much space on the windowsill, are not a source of allergy, are constantly in bloom, so they have a large army of fans.

Violet (Uzambara violet, Saintpaulia) is a compact perennial plant with a growing creeping rhizome. The leaves are dark green, pubescent, heart-shaped. Flower rosette during flowering period almost completely hides the leaves. Flowers are simple and terry, gathered together in several pieces.

The color of the petals is the most diverse, mostly pastel shades. The fruit is a box with a lot of seeds. The root is thin and almost does not branch. Violets are divided into groups that differ in shape, color and type of flowers.

Types and popular varieties of violets with photos

The scientific classification of violets does not yet exist, therefore the division into species occurs conditionally. The bred hybrids now number over 32,000 varieties.

The following types of violets are more popular:


It has dark green leaves with a jagged wavy edge, the length of the stem reaches no more than 8 cm, and the diameter of the rosette can reach 60 cm. The flowers have a purple-blue color, located on shortened fleshy stems.


Its dark green leaves have a rounded shape with a jagged edge. Sheet size 4-5 cm. The underside of the leaf plate has a reddish color. Blooms magnificently, small blue-violet flowers with a dark middle.


The plant has ampelous shoots with bright green, pubescent leaves. There are varieties with purple foliage color. The width of the leaves reach 5 cm, grow to a length of 6 cm, small flowers, blue with a purple tinge and a dark middle. Their size is never more than 2.5 cm.


  Sort "LE Rosemary"

Popular variety with star-shaped terry flowers. It has a standard jagged sheet rosette. It stands out for its decorative inflorescences. On the petals there are three colors at once: on a white background scattered pink strokes and blue specks. Violet Rosemary looks luxurious and delicate at the same time.


  Variety "Lienz Pirates Trezhe"

The variety is characterized by bright pink flowers with crimson edging along the edge of the petals. On the border of the main color and border there are crimson specks. Collected leaves have a bubbly surface texture.


  Variety "Fire Moths"

The upper surface of the leaves is dark green, the bottom - light green. The flowers are simple or semi-double with petals rich burgundy hue. On the edge of the petals is white or pink edging. The color of the inflorescences changes over time. The size of the outlet is standard.


  Variety "YAN Caprice"

The plant has motley-colored wavy leaves combining green and white. Above the rosette rises white foam terry flowers with green corollas. Very refined saintpaulia. Requires more light due to variegated leaves.

Planting and care at home

Despite the fact that violet belongs to an unpretentious plant, it, like any flower, has its own requirements for watering and illumination, for the composition of the soil and fertilizers, for the size of the pot. Like other colors, violet needs your care.


In the nature of Saintpaulia grow in places with high humidity. But the usual method of increasing this indicator - spraying the leaves of a plant - is not applicable for violets. Their leaves have a pubescence, which contributes to the retention of water droplets on the leaf plate. As a result, a fungal disease can develop, especially if the room is cool.

It is best to place water containers on the windowsill or place pots of violets on a tray with wet clay. Only you need to make sure that the water does not reach the bottom of the pot. You can use a household humidifier by placing it next to the window. In the apartment the humidity especially decreases in the winter time when the central heating is working.

The temperature in the room is important for violets, because it is thermophilic. In winter, the thermometer readings should not fall below 16 degrees. The optimum growing temperature will be 20-24 degrees. With such parameters, the violet willingly blooms, and flowering continues for a long time. Young plants need a temperature of 23-24 degrees for this. When the temperature is too high or too low, flowering stops.

In winter, it is better to remove the violet from a cold window-sill and put it on a shelf or rack next to the window. Or, the pots are placed on wooden, foam supports so that the root system does not overcool. Aside from the window of Saintpaulia, you need light for flowering.


Violets should receive from 10 to 12 hours of light, but it should avoid direct sunlight. At the same time, the night time period in the dark is important to them. Some varieties need more lighting than others. If saintpaulia has faded leaves, she refuses to bloom, then there is a shortage of light or she stays in the dark for less than 8 hours a day.

In the summer months, violets are suitable for lighting the northern and eastern window-sills. In winter, they are best located on the southern and western windows.

The socket during the growth process may be bent, as the leaves reach for the light. To avoid this, periodically turn the pot around its axis. Violets grow beautifully under artificial lighting. For this, fluorescent lamps are best suited. Bushes grow in a compact size and bloom well.


The main rule when watering violets - water should not fall on the leaves of the plant. Saintpaulias often die for this very reason. Water for irrigation is better to use separated at room temperature. Too cold or too hot water can damage the roots.

Experienced growers do not water the violets from above, but use other methods of watering:

Through pallet

You can take a large bowl of water, put there several pots of violets at once and leave for a while until the soil is saturated with moisture. The pots can be reached when the earth is darkened by water. After that, they put in their place.

Please note that all plants must be healthy, otherwise it is easy to infect them one from another. With this method of irrigation, the water quality should be perfect, since harmful salts are not washed out, but rise to the top and settle in the ground.

Drip

For this method, use a watering can with a narrow spout or syringe to make it easy to get to the ground, bypassing the sheet rosette. With this option, it is important not to overdo it with the amount of water. If you poured excess violet, excess water from the tray under the pot immediately drain.

Wick

To do this, most often use a piece of fabric or lace, missed in the drainage hole at one end, the other end is immersed in a container with water for irrigation.

The advantage of this method is that the plant itself takes as much moisture as it needs - the capillary effect works. The level of moisture in the pot at the same time remains stable and is regulated by the flower itself, depending on the air temperature. This method can be used only with a small volume of the pot and in the warm season. In winter, the water may become too cold on the windowsill. In addition, not all varieties of violets suitable such watering.


Choosing a pot depends on the size of the plant. Conditionally Saintpaulias can be divided into large, medium and miniature copies. The root system of violets is superficial, it does not require a large amount of land, because in nature they grow on stony soils. You can not even increase the volume of the pot at the next transplant. If the violet was cramped in a pot, you need to remove it, remove the old dead roots, excess ground and plant it back in the same container.

  • The plant will build up excess green mass to the detriment of flowering. Sometimes the violet may not bloom at all.
  • The risk of fungal diseases and the appearance of pests will increase, since such violet is difficult to inspect thoroughly.
  • The soil in the pot will sour due to the fact that the roots are not able to braid the whole earthen room.

Usually, the maximum size of a pot for violets is not more than 9 cm in diameter. Plastic containers are best suited.

As a substrate, you can take ready-made soil for Saintpaulia, but it is not always of the desired quality. Some bring it to the required state by adding baking powder. Most often, perlite, vermiculite, coconut fiber is used for this purpose. Additionally, these components retain moisture, so putting them a lot is not necessary, so as not to provoke rotting roots.

You can take in the preparation of the substrate up to 40% of biohumus, it is well established itself in the cultivation of violets. The rest of the soil in this case should consist of baking powder, to prevent it from petrifying with time.


It is better to feed young violets with fertilizer with a predominance of nitrogen in order to build up a good sheet rosette. Plants that are preparing for flowering need to feed phosphorus and potassium. Top dressing is added to water for watering in the pan, or fertilized with violets on top. With nitrogen fertilizer it is worth being careful, with its overdoses the plant will not bloom.

On a note! Nutrient deficiencies are easily identified by the appearance of the violet. She will have weak stems and leaves, slow growth, poor-quality flowering.

Usually from fresh soil nutrients disappear within 2 months, then you have to make artificial fertilizer. Regarding fertilizers, violets are unpretentious. They can be fed not necessarily with complexes for flowering plants, but also for vegetables. The composition should include not only nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus, but also iron, calcium, magnesium, boron, molybdenum. When buying fertilizer, be sure to read on the packaging of its components and choose a complex with the widest range of components.

Rules for the cultivation and care of violets: video


Since the violets are grown in small pots and there is a small supply of soil there, they should be transplanted annually. White salt deposits on the soil surface and complete filling of the pot with roots indicate the need for transplantation. Transplantation can be done at any time of the year, except for the winter months. If your saintpaulia blooms, do not disturb her, because the bloom suggests that the plant is well in this pot. To transplant should begin after flowering.

Step-by-step instruction:

  • Moisten the potted soil to make it easier for the plants to be removed from there.
  • Prepare a washed, well cleaned pot.
  • The bottom of the tank filled with expanded clay.
  • On the hill of the ground vertically put the plant.
  • Violet poured the soil to the bottom of the leaves, slightly compacted soil hands.
  • Watering the transplanted plant can be a day. If, after watering, the stem is bare, the ground fill up.

You can repot the plant and method of transshipment. In this case, the ground gently spit on the edge of the pot, which should be slightly larger than the previous one.

Transplant of violets: video


At home, growers propagate violet leaf. Rooting can be done both in water and in soil. The sheet must be cut from the second or third row of sheet rosettes. Too young and old leaves for breeding will not work. The leaf of the leaf should be 3-5 cm long. Just cut the sheet should be slightly dried in the air.

If you ordered planting material on the Internet, and it came slightly substandard, soak it for several hours in a weak solution of potassium permanganate. Then the sheet must be completely dried. Rooting is carried out in water using a glass cup made of dark glass. There boiled water is poured and an activated carbon tablet is placed. Leaf petiole should be no more than 1 cm submerged in water. As water evaporates, water is poured. Rooting speed depends on the type of violet and the air temperature in the room. If the petiole began to rot, damage can be cut off and put a leaf in fresh water.

Rooting in the soil is carried out by placing the sheet at an angle of 45 degrees and making it a support from a toothpick. After that, the seedling is covered with a film or glass jar, create a greenhouse effect. Place it in a warm, bright place, the soil is periodically moistened. A young violet is planted in a permanent place when its leaves are 3 cm in size.

How to grow a violet from a leaf. Rooting and reproduction of Saintpaulia: video

Bloom

Anyone who has seen the lush bloom of violet will be forever captured by her beauty. But for this you have to give a flower at least a minimum of care.


A prerequisite for the flowering of violets will be sufficient lighting. This can be a bright diffused light, and the emission of fluorescent lamps. Light day should last 12 hours. Keep them in a warm place at a temperature of 20-24 degrees. Spend timely watering and fertilizing. In winter, be sure to increase the humidity.


During flowering, you should regularly remove faded flower stalks. After flowering, you can use a pause and transplant the plant. If you do not plan this, start applying top dressings with a predominance of nitrogen to enhance the growth of new leaves.


The reasons for the lack of flowering can be several: lack of lighting, cold content, depleted soil, overfeeding with nitrogen fertilizers. Move the plant pot to a warm, bright place, watering in a timely manner, use dressings with a high content of potassium and phosphorus. It is also possible that the violet is planted in too large a pot.


Diseases in plants most often occur due to improper content. Weakened violet can not resist pests and the causative agent of various diseases. Any disease is easier to prevent than to cure, so it is important to maintain plant immunity and carry out preventive measures.

Saintpaulias are prone to fungal diseases. They are often affected by powdery mildew, fusarium, gray rot, blight, rust. The cause of the accelerated development of the spore of the fungus can be drops of moisture on the leaves and low air temperature in the room. All of these diseases are manifested by the appearance of dark and brown spots on the leaves, spores or fluff. At the first signs of disease, the plant should be treated with fungicides, acting according to the instructions.


A similar phenomenon can be observed when overheating, if the air temperature is above 25 degrees. Yellow spots appear on the leaves, then they begin to dry and fade. The direct sun rays have the same effect. If you do not want the violet to lose all the leaves, move it to a cooler room with ambient lighting.

Yellowing of the leaves can also be observed due to rotting of the roots. If root rot is suspected, the plant should be removed and the roots inspected. The affected areas are removed, the wounds are powdered with coal, after which the plant is planted in fresh ground. In case of excessive watering, the surface of the earth in the pot can become covered with mold - this is another factor in the yellowing of the leaves. The color of the leaves can also be affected by a lack of nitrogen.


Pincers, thrips, aphids, nematodes, scythosis and false guard, whitefly and some other insects can attack the violet. You will see their presence by the appearance of spots and dots on the leaves; you can see it near flying insects; cobwebs may appear on the leaves. To avoid this, to maintain the indoor environment and the correct microclimate, with a decrease in temperature, reduce watering, regularly ventilate the room.

If harmful insects are already wound up, use an insecticide. Actellic, Intavir, Fitoverm and other drugs are suitable for treatment. They are diluted in water and treated with violet, acting on the instructions.


It is believed that violets charge the premises with positive energy. This flower is a symbol of comfort and prosperous life; it brings joy and harmony to the inhabitants of the house, awakens activity and vitality in pessimists. The beneficial effect depends on the color of the plant.

White Saintpaulias muffle bright emotions, clean the space from the negative influence of bad thoughts and quarrels. They are ideal for children's rooms, helps relieve fatigue and emotional stress.

Varieties of purple buds contribute to spiritual growth and development. They strengthen the character and take away from the head all the same. It becomes easier for people living in the house to find mutual understanding. Purple flowers help to develop intuition and the gift of foresight. It is better not to put them in a room where children sleep and near workplaces.

Blue violets will quickly help to forget about boredom and despondency. They are great for children's groups: various studios, school classes. These flowers make a person more harmonious, develop his creative abilities.

Pink and red violets stand guard over health, prevent diseases of the throat and thyroid gland, reduce excessive appetite. Emotionally, these flowers help to cope with a bad mood, to feel joy. They will suit those people who have a lot of problems in life.


  1. Violets love the company of their own kind, so it is better to put them on the windowsill.
  2. Those varieties that are called "chimeras", it does not make sense to multiply the sheet, as in this case, the color of the petals is lost.
  3. If you notice rotting of the trunk, cut off the top of the saintpaulia to living tissue, then there is a chance to save the plant.
  4. In the heat it is not necessary to water the violet "with a reserve", this will necessarily lead to the decay of the roots. Water more often, but in small portions.

If you succeed in “making friends” with violets, they will not disappoint you and most likely will remain in your house for many years. Among the large variety of varieties you can always find a plant for the soul. Later, you probably want to expand the collection.


Violets have long been considered an indicator of well-being in the room where they settled. If the owners are attentive and take care of all the inhabitants of the dwelling, then Saintpaulia will receive its share of attention and will delight with its abundant flowering. Reproduction and care of room violet will not present difficulties if you know the agrotechnology of the plant.

Conditions and microclimate favorable for the plant

Defining are:


  • placement location;
  • duration and;
  • temperature and humidity;
  • watering mode;
  • timely transplantation and reproduction of violets.

Place room violets in a well-lit place on all windows, except the north without direct sunlight. Lack of lighting provokes disease, flowering will stop. can be grown on racks deep in the apartment, if you create an artificial daylight spectrum for them, for at least 10 hours.

The temperature in summer can be 21-25 degrees, in winter 15-18 is enough. Seedlings take root or rooting at 25. All processes slow down at a temperature close to 30. Humidity should be about 50%.

  Violet does not like excessive moisture. How often to water the violets? During flowering, watering the bottom or the traditional should be daily, in the winter twice a week. The main thing is not to overflow and avoid stagnation of water in the pan. With excessive watering the roots do not get air and can rot. In modern care great interest caused wick irrigation of violets and other indoor plants.

  Saintpaulia grows on thin soil with a small amount of additional nutrition. Therefore, for the full content of the substrate is often replaced. In case of annual transplanting, only the substrate is replaced, without increasing the volume of the pots. Once every three years transplant is required. The systematic cultivation of new copies allows you to remove old plants that lose their decorative effect. Propagate violet, as well as replant easily, knowing the basic rules.

Transplantation and reproduction of room violets

  Plant propagation can be conducted using leaves, processes from the root of 3 - 4 leaves, seeds. The most commonly used method is sheet cutting, let's look at it in more detail.

For reproduction, a leaf is taken from a healthy plant. If it is a big rosette, then leaves of the second tier are selected, rooted through a glass of water. In young plants or young leaves of the upper tiers, they take root directly in the substrate, in wet moss, in a mini-greenhouse.

  The leaf should have a tugor, a fresh cut is performed before laying on germination, which is updated if rotted cuttings instead of callus. Some varieties of Saintpaulia do not root through water, only in moss or substrate.

Substrate Requirements

The ground for the violet should be light and slightly sour. The compositions are different, most importantly, it must be breathable and nutritious. Permanent moderate moisture allows minerals to dissolve, giving salt for food. One of the formulations recommended for Saintpaulia:

  • garden soil - 5 parts;
  •   - 3 parts;
  • sand - 1 part.

You can take ready-made soil for seedlings "Vermion". But first, any of the compositions should be treated against pathogens and pests, then add to 2 liters of the finished mixture:


  • "Living Earth" 1 liter;
  • vermiculite 1 cup;
  • perlite 1 cup;
  • sphagnum moss 1.5 cups;
  • crushed charcoal 2/5 cup;
  •   powder on the tip of the knife.

Drainage will require expanded clay.

Dishes for violets

Containers should be wide. At a height of 10 cm for a adult plant a cup of 15 -20 cm diameter will do. The correct ratio is important, so a larger drainage layer is laid out in a deep narrow pot. Spacious dishes will delay flowering until it is filled with roots. When transplanting the roots should be initially cramped. Any utensil is used, but plastic is better, since earthenware has pores, and the clod of earth quickly dries out.

Water for irrigation

  The water is applied to a soft, crude settled. If watering is groundwater, then after the soil gets wet, it is required to remove the remaining water from the pan immediately after watering. Modern wick watering violets allows you to create a uniform moisture and reduces the time of care.

When planting violets with roots should observe the following conditions:

  • Create a drainage layer, pre-protecting the drainage holes from clogging, stretching the wick through them, and placing it in a layer of sprinkled earth. Place the roots, so that the plant neck is in the middle of the cup, placed below the rim for watering. Gently sprinkle the roots on the ground, shaking gently and compacting the substrate mechanically.
  • After adding roots to the neck of the roots, water the soil so that it lies on the roots. After settling the coma, pour the dry mixture on top and mulch from evaporation with vermiculite.
  • Cover the novosadu top of evaporation, air. but do not water until it takes root.

  A sign of survival will be the emergence of new leaves on the bush, the appearance of young seedlings on the handle.

It is not necessary to use a larger pot for each transplant. It depends on the state of the root system. If it is tightly entangled lump of earth and retains its shape when excavating from the pot, we need a large 1-1.5 cm dishes.

  It is often asked whether it is possible to replant blooming violet. This is undesirable if the plant is flowering, then it still has enough nutrition, wait until the end of flowering. But if the plant is flooded, transplantation is inevitable. In this case, you should conduct a revision of the roots and remove the brown ones. You can thin out up to 2/3 of the root system and remove some of the leaves, use them for reproduction. To bloom recovered faster, you need to take smaller dishes for transplanting.

  How to plant violet, if it does not bloom, and lost its decorative appearance from old age? This plant has a stem from the bottom bare. Cut the upper part with a sharp knife, root it in water and then plant like all other violets.

If the violet, which blooms beautifully, the lower leaves have fallen off and the stem has become bare, it can be deepened, but not immediately. Initially, it is necessary that the roots appear on this part of the plant. Wrap the stem in sphagnum moss, which has bactericidal and moisture retaining properties. When the roots appear on it, you can pour the earth.

Video about wicked watering violets


Indoor violet is such a beautiful and delicate plant that even the prejudices of impending loneliness do not interfere with starting it. For some reason, it was felt that the flower has excess feminine energy, and this will not allow its owner to find a pair.

Fortunately, most lovers of domestic plants do not pay attention to slander and gladly breeds violets on the windowsills. In gratitude, they bloom all year round, pleasing the eye with bright inflorescences of all shades of the rainbow.

Violets, or Saintpaulias, from the Violet family, decorate the interior of homes around the world, but their homeland is Africa. There flowers grow along the river bed and near the waterfalls, as they like high humidity.

Direct sunlight is detrimental to the fleshy leaves of the plant, so it is low to be able to hide under the branches of trees and shrubs. The flower grows in the form of rosettes. Its diameter is from 6 to 60 cm.

Room violet feels best on a window facing east or north, when the bright sun does not burn the leaves and inflorescences.

In nature, the plant multiplies with the help of rhizome and fruit, filled with seeds. At home, cut the sheet is placed in a jar of water and after he gave the roots, transplant it into wet soil.

The velvety leaves of the plant are oval in shape with smooth or jagged edges. Currently, breeders have brought several tens of thousands of species of violets with a variety of flowers.

Popular varieties and types of home violets

Choosing a houseplant, many people pay attention primarily to the beauty and shade of the inflorescence. Classic violet flower lilac or blue-lilac. Wild varieties are distinguished by small flowers with five petals and a yellow heart. Fashionable derived species of Saintpaulia are characterized by terry, bordering and tricolor petals.

Room violets are divided into varieties according to the shape and color of leaves and flowers, the size of the rosette and flowers and the degree of their terry.

The most famous species include the following varieties.

  1. Star.It has a symmetrical arrangement of flower petals with a rim and a bright middle.
  2. Pansies.With a gear edging of double petals and a contrast rim on their edge.
  3. Bell.  Distinguished at the base of the petals, creating an increased effect terry.
  4. Bowl.  With non-accrete petals of various shapes and shades, it got its name due to not fully blooming oblong flowers.

Once in the flower shop and seeing the variety of violets, it will not work on a single plant. This is good, as violets love to grow surrounded by fellow men.

If the plant occupies the window sill on the right side of the world, its pot is filled with suitable soil, and watering is regular and corresponds to the established regime, it will grow well and please the owner with lush flowering. Violet does not require complex care at home.

Pot location

If the windows of the apartment are facing south or west, then to grow the violet on them you need to hang the blinds. Drafts and sudden changes in temperature do not tolerate the flower either, so it’s impossible to place a pot opposite.

Delicate violet will die if the conditions of detention are grossly violated.

Air humidity

At home, violets grow well near the waterfalls, because they love moisture. When water splashes dissipate in the air, an ideal habitat is created for them.

Violet leaves will become juicy, and the flower will be strong and healthy if you put in a room or a mini-fountain. The last element of the interior, according to the teachings of feng shui, brings harmony and prosperity to the house. The same is true for violets.

Lighting

The flower must be on the windowsill to receive the light necessary for growth. The morning sun is the best option for violets, so the eastern side fits perfectly. For a uniform expansion of the outlet, the pot needs to be moved, since the leaves on the side closest to the window will start to appear much faster than the others.

It is not necessary to organize a flower with a special light, because in nature violets are hidden in the shade of trees and are content with diffused light.

Understand that the location of the pot is chosen correctly, will help monitor the growth and flowering plants. In case of error, flowers will rarely appear.

Watering violet, like the rest of home plants, should be well-settled water at room temperature. Due to the fact that water enters the water after filtration and purification, it contains various chemical additives. Their main part evaporates in 8-10 hours, but it is better to use water to water the plants a day after filling the jug.

Through pallet

This method is common among gardeners. Watering through the pan is suitable for violets, as water is guaranteed not to fall on its leaves. Any drops on the flower should be wet immediately.

Water evaporates badly from velvety leaves, and even a small amount of it will lead to the appearance of dark spots and plant diseases. In addition, harmful fungi and pests are inflamed in moist soil.

Pouring water into the pan, you should wait until it is absorbed. If the top of the ground in the pot is not darkened, you should repeat the procedure. As soon as moisture ceases to be absorbed, its residues are poured from the pallet.

Drip

Watering from the top should be a thin stream so that splashes do not fall on the leaves and the stem of the flower. Water should be poured on the dried soil until it flows from the drainage holes. Having waited, when surplus of moisture will appear in the pallet, water from it should be merged.

Many flower growers prefer this method when watering violets. It allows you to evenly moisten the earth, which is important for a tropical plant.

By immersion

Another way to water through the pan is to put the flowerpot in the water until the earth is dark with moisture. This method is dangerous because pest-infected plants, immersed in the same container with water, will exchange spores of harmful fungi.

Wick

Immediately it should be noted that not all varieties of violets perceive the wick irrigation method. It will not work for plants in pots, more than 8 cm high.

The technique of wick irrigation is to place a container with water under the flower that does not touch the bottom of the pot. The end of a piece of cloth rolled up with a bundle is put into it, and its second part is inserted through a drain hole into the pot. Violet regulates the consumption of moisture and is always in a sufficiently moist soil.

Soil selection

In specialized departments, ground packs for various plant species are sold. There is such a substrate for violets. It contains at least 50% humus, moss or peat and sand. This composition will allow the flower to develop normally and form buds.

Violet completely depletes the soil in 2 years, so after this period of time it should definitely be transplanted into fresh soil, gently shaking the remnants of the earth from its roots.

An overly large pot is not needed by the plant, otherwise it will put all its strength into growth and will not bloom. A popular flower is compact, it has a neat root system. As it expands over the surface, the container should not be deep. Pests are inflamed in the land surplus, so the choice should be stopped on a pot with a diameter 2-3 times smaller than a violet socket.

Cute pots of ceramics and clay are well suited for planting. Drawing on them can be chosen in colors close to the inflorescence of Saintpaulia.

In light plastic pots, the plant will also take root if you make drainage holes in them for air exchange of the root system. They are placed in a ceramic pots or wrapped in paper with a bright ornament.

Fertilizers and fertilizing

If the violet ceases to bloom and looks drooping, adding fertilizer containing nitrogen to the water for irrigation will instantly change the situation. In the spring, these supplements are necessary, as the plant weakens due to the short daylight hours and needs feeding.

You can use complex fertilizers or organic. Bring them into dry soil can not, so as not to burn the roots of the flower. If the ground is dry, the violet is first watered with plain water and then containing useful substances.

Also, the plant will gratefully accept supplements in the form of phosphorus-potassium supplements. Having carefully calculated the dose of their addition, it will be possible to avoid the accelerated growth of the outlet to the detriment of flowering. Violets are quite unpretentious plants, so a lack of fertilizer in the ground is better than their excess.

Repot violet better in spring or autumn. In the summer, the fever will prevent her from getting acclimated, and in the winter - the lack of light.

There are several reasons why a plant should be transferred to another pot.

  1. Soil infestation by pests or the appearance of white on it.
  2. The growth of the flower and the formation of additional formed outlets.
  3. Soil depletion.
  4. Too compacted root system and the cessation of plant growth, despite feeding.
  5. Transplant a newly acquired plant from a temporary pot into an earthen pot.

First of all, it is necessary to moisten the soil of the transplanted plant so that it can be easily removed from the previous container. At the bottom of the new pot should pour a layer of expanded clay for drainage, and on top of it the soil for violets. It should also be watered so as not to damage the transplant when the roots of the flower.

Carefully removing the flower and clearing it from the lumps of earth, it must be placed in another pot and add the missing earth on top. After that, the plant is watered, so that it would rather stick.

You should not fertilize the violet for a month after transplanting, as it gets used to changing the soil and can react badly to the top dressing. A flowering plant is also undesirable to transfer to a new pot, as it spends all its strength on the formation of buds and flowers.

Trimming rules

Leaf removal is usually associated with the formation of a symmetrical rosette and rejuvenation of the flower. Always remove the bottom layer of leaves. It is more convenient to make a sharp knife or razor, carefully cutting off the leaves at the base.

When the stem of the plant begins to resemble a palm tree, the violet needs to be rejuvenated. It is better to do the procedure with non-flowering violet. Otherwise, you should first remove all the flower stalks, and then cut off the top of the plant with a scalpel or a razor and clean the rest of the trunk. Putting it in a jar of water, wait until the flower will give roots and move it into fresh soil.

Violets for all unpretentiousness in need of attention and care at home in connection with the possible appearance of pests and diseases.

With increasing watering and excessive soil moisture violet often affects brown or root rot. It is caused by fungi that develop in the soil. Brown rot is more dangerous, as it can spread to nearby uninfected plants.

Root rot strikes violet roots, which is why it should be immediately removed from the pot, cleaned up the damaged parts of the root system and moved to another soil. If the pot remains the same, it must be ignited and rinsed with disinfectants. As a preventive measure, flowers are treated with antifungal agents and reduce the frequency of watering.

Mealy dew also often affects violets. Spores of the fungus fall on the leaves of the soil and cause the formation of tiny white lumps. They are removed with a toothpick, and the most affected leaves are cut off.

The most dangerous disease is fusarium. It affects both the roots and the leaves of the plant. The root system softens, and the stems become watery and soon die off.

If one flower is sick, it must immediately be isolated from the rest. Treatment and prevention is to water the violet once a month with phytosporin solution.

Dark spots on the leaves are caused by a bronze virus and late blight. In both cases, the affected leaves should be removed and the plant treated with an antifungal agent.

Such pests of violets, like thrips and fronty sciarides, cause significant damage to plants. They can be fought with the help of special means and regulation of irrigation.

How to care for violets in winter

In the cold season, the growth of violet is inhibited, so watering is required less often. Adding feed should also be reduced to once a month. In winter, daylight hours are very short, and the flower needs lighting at least 11 hours a day. Installing several pots with violets over the pots will help them successfully winter and meet the spring healthy and strong.

If the window near which there are violets, it is supposed to open for airing, it is better to remove flowers from it. Frosty air burns the leaves, as well as direct sunlight.

The homeland of the violet is the tropics, because of which it does not tolerate drafts and temperatures below 20 ° C.

Conclusion

Indoor violet is so loved by people that it has become almost a must-have element of home decor. Photos of flowering plants cause joy and pleasure, and a small greenhouse on the windowsills will create coziness and comfort. Growing violets, recognizing the names of new varieties and adding them to the existing colors often becomes a real hobby.

In many countries, it is believed that violet allows you to create an atmosphere of love and harmony at home. Delicate flower with bright buds actually looks joyful. A tropical plant brings a bit of warmth and well-being to the house, requiring only proper care in return.

My name is Julia Jenny Norman, I am the author of articles and books. I cooperate with publishing houses "OLMA-PRESS" and "AST", as well as with glossy magazines. Currently helping to promote virtual reality projects. I have European roots, but I spent most of my life in Moscow. There are many museums and exhibitions that are positive and give inspiration. In my free time I study French medieval dances. I am interested in any information about that era. I suggest you articles that can captivate new hobbies or just give pleasant minutes. We need to dream about the beautiful, then it will come true!