Daylilies planting and care in the open field fertilizer transplanting. Growing daylilies

18 jul 2017

Midsummer is a time of lush daylily bloom, in the brightness and elegance of flowers, daylilies are not inferior to lilies, and thanks to simple care and unpretentiousness, these perennial flowers have become very popular among garden flowers. Daylilies remain decorative all seasonIn spring, the plant releases a whole waterfall of green leaves, from July to August the daylily blooms. Now there are a large number of varieties of daylilies with different color, shape of flowers, from this variety, everyone will definitely choose something to his taste, and maybe he will collect a whole collection of various daylilies.

Daylily is also called "Krasnodar", for the fact that its flower blooms only on a clear day, and in the evening it is already withering, but the next day a new bud comes to life and so the daylily bloom can last up to two months. Species daylilies and old varieties with simple orange-red or yellow flowers on tall peduncles have been growing in our gardens for a long time. Old varieties of the daylily really have high enduring qualities, practically do not require care and quickly grow, forming lush bushes from numerous shoots.Simple daylilies are planted along a fence or paths to create a green curb, by a stream, reservoir, in the vicinity of ornamental shrubs and conifers, in company with other unpretentious garden perennial plants, where you need to plant trees, create a background or close an ugly place.

New daylily varieties  they are distinguished by larger expressive flowers, which surprise by their shape and color. Daylily flowers of modern varieties often have rounded petals with a wavy or corrugated edge, with a uniform color with cream, red, purple and other bright shades. Often the daylily flower has a pattern of bright border, a contrast eye in the center, or spots and spills on the petals. I want to admire the exotically beautiful flowers of daylilies close up, carefully considerTherefore, they are often placed in the flower beds in the foreground in combination with other flowers and decorative leafy plants. For this new daylily varieties usually do not exceed a height of 80 cm, and their stalks are strong and thick to hold large, heavy flowers.

In contrast to the species and old varieties of daylilies, modern varieties with large flowers require more careful care and proper planting.. New daylily varieties grow not as fast as wild plants, but every year the bush will become ever more luxurious and produce more flower stalks.

Planting daylilies and breeding.

Due to the rapid growth of daylily bushes and ease of reproduction, you can get a large amount of planting material. The adult bush of a daylily can be divided into 20-40 parts. Having planted a delenka with one or two growth points, after three years the plant forms a lush shrub, and after 5 years it can already be divided for reproduction.

Without a transplant, a daylily can grow in one place for more than 10 years.so that the daylily bush does not thicken, which makes it worse to bloom, and the flowers form smaller, it is recommended to divide it after 5 years.

Transplanting and dividing a daylily bush can be done at any time in spring and summer, except late autumn. The deadline for planting a daylily in open ground is mid-September. When planting delenki in October, rooting of the plant occurs slowly, and the fragile flower may not survive the winter. Daylilies planted in the spring quickly take root. In the first year after planting, the plants should be watered regularly, protected from pests and diseases.

Landing place. For planting daylily well fit places in the garden, which the sun shines before dinner. In the open in hot summer varietal daylilies can suffer from increased temperature, lack of moisture, large flowers with a dark color will fade, and whitish spots appear on the leaves - burns. Daylily blooms well when the sun hits it no more than 6 hours a day, the rest of the time the plant should be in the open shadow.

The soil. Daylilies love fertile garden soil, not heavy and not poor. Coarse sand and peat are added to the place where the ground is heavy, to increase its drainage properties, and clay and humus are added to the poor sandy soil. Perennial rhizomatous plants will be soaked in places where water constantly accumulates after rain or melting snow, therefore, in a low place it is necessary to make an elevation for planting flowers.

Choosing a place for planting a daylily, deeply dig the soil. Daylily planting wells make more than the size of the root system. Mix the ground out of the holes with sand, peat, humus and wood ash, since the daylily does not like sour soil.

Delenki with dried roots before planting need to soak, removing all dead roots.

Pile a mound at the bottom of the hole, spread the roots over it and pour water to soak the soil deep. From above, fall asleep delenka so that the root neck is 2 cm below the soil level, but no more. To prevent the planted socket from moving, pin it with a wire bracket.

Care for daylily in the open field.

Top dressing.  Planted daylily is watered regularly so that it will settle down faster. In the first year after planting, the daylily is not fertilized, as it is still adaptable, rooted and does not go into active growth. From the second year, the plants are fed in the spring with the start of leaf regrowth - nitrogen fertilizer, in the summer with the appearance of peduncles - complex mineral fertilizer. The older the bush, the more daylily requires nutrition, as its growth force increases, and the soil around is depleted. In total, up to 50-100 grams of fertilizer is applied at a time and buried in the soil.

The growth rate of the bush, the splendor of flowering and the quality of the opening flowers depend on the abundance of nutrients.. In the summer daylilies should not be fed with nitrogen fertilizer, which increases the growth of greenery, because of which the flowering weakens. For the flowers of varietal daylilies to be large and colorful plants, complete mineral fertilizer is needed with various trace elements - potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, copper, molybdenum, manganese, etc.

Watering.  Daylilies - moisture-loving flowers and in the hot dry summer require watering. Daylilies can tolerate short-term overdrying of the soil, as they have roots with thickenings, where they accumulate moisture, but during the flowering period, plants need a lot of water to open a new flower every day.

Daylily is poured abundantly, but not often, so that the topsoil dries out.. You can not water the plant from above so that the water does not fall on the flowers or in the center of the bush around the circumference make a groove and fill it with water several times so that the soil is deeply soaked with water.

Other care for the daylily in summer is to weed and loosen the land around the plants as needed. Mulching the soil with chopped wood bark, peat, or humus reduces the care of flowers, since the layer of mulch will not allow weeds to germinate and keep moisture in the soil longer.

Why daylily does not bloom.

If you planted a daylily, it grows every year, but does not bloom, then you may have made mistakes when planting, in caring or choosing a variety of this perennial.

The daylily grows rapidly and gives many new cuttings in a year with a large amount of nitrogen in the soil. . However, the active growth of green mass is to the detriment of flowering. For daylily flowering, it is necessary to apply phosphate-potassium fertilizer or full mineral fertilizer, and completely eliminate organic fertilizer with manure or herbal extract.

- Daylily will not bloom or give few flower stalks when planted in the shade. Having transplanted the plant to a more sunny place, the daylily will blossom in full force.

Daylily does not bloom during deep planting, if the root neck of the plant is below the soil level, more than 2 cm.

Some daylily varieties may not be suitable for the climate zone  when grown in regions with frosty winters. First of all, it is evergreen daylilies, they can survive at low temperatures, but they will not have the strength to bloom.

- Daylilies may not bloom in hot and dry summers due to lack of moisture and heat stress., at this time the plants need regular abundant watering.

One more reason, why the daylily does not bloom - defeat by pests or disease. Daylily can attack thrips or spider mites, these insect pests are difficult to see due to their small size, but they actively reproduce mainly in hot and dry summers. With a combination of adverse conditions and the attack of pests plants quickly weaken. To get rid of pests will help the systematic treatment of insecticidal drugs. To improve daylily, cut its foliage in half, it will give impetus to the growth of new leaves.

The question of when to replant daylilies, for beginner gardeners does not arise by chance. From this depends on the appearance, and the main characteristics of planting material. At the same time, it is necessary to choose the time for transplantation not only according to the seasons of the year. Most experienced flower growers are guided by external indicators and the general condition of the flower.

Daylilies are very similar to lilies, but unlike them, this species is more unpretentious. After transplantation, the flower can grow in 1 place up to 15 years. Daylily is not picky about fertilizers and soil composition, it grows well in the sun and in the shade. True, the growing conditions impose a large imprint on the appearance of the bush, the intensity of flowering and the size of flowers.

For example, varieties with bright-colored inflorescences will feel much better in fully open flower beds in direct sunlight. But daylilies with flowers of all shades of red are best planted in shaded ridges - rectangular flowerbeds (from him. Rabatte - bed). In the open, inflorescences may appear faded spots.

Fully shady side or planting a flower under the dense crowns of trees will lead to the formation of unnecessarily long and thin stems. Therefore, if the gardener wants his daylily turned into a well-groomed plant with abundant ovary of luxurious flowers, you will have to work a little.

This plant does not require frequent transplants. It is enough to change the place of cultivation every 5-6 years. Except when you need to cure the soil or the bushes themselves. For professional breeding of daylilies, when every new root is important, more frequent transplanting is also acceptable. However, it is not worth much to dig in with daylily digging. Any transplant (even the most accurate) is a serious load for the plant. From the annual division of the rhizome, the flower can quickly lose its varietal and decorative qualities.

The rest of the time you just need to monitor the condition of the plant. As soon as 3-4 flowering shoots appear around the adult bush, the daylily is ready for planting. If you skip the transplant, then over time the bush begins to grow, the young growth drowns out the mother plant, whips and buds are reduced in size. Further cultivation of the bush in the same place will provoke an even greater degradation of varietal qualities, turning an elegant decorative flower into a wild plant.

Replanting a daylily every few years can be remarkably combined with the reproduction of a flower by dividing rhizomes. But this rule applies only to spring transplant. At the same time, it is difficult to isolate a certain period for digging up bushes. Daylily tolerates transplant at any time of the year. But some seasonal features of transplantation is better to observe.

Spring work

Spring transplantation is most preferable for the northern and central regions. Low temperatures here occur much earlier, so autumn seedlings may not have time to form new roots. But hurry up with digging a plant is not worth it. Although the daylily can safely lie without land for up to 3 weeks, a quick transplant improves the quality of planting material.

Transplantation of daylilies in spring begins after the earth warms up and will not stick to a shovel when digging. The threat of night and short frosts by this time should pass. It is best to replant the plant, starting in mid-April in the southern regions. In the central zone and more northern latitudes, the beginning of transplantation is more logical to postpone until May.

Digging out a daylily, the shovel is buried at a distance of 20-25 cm from the center of the bush. To pull a plant out of the ground, it is necessary with a big lump. If transplantation involves the simultaneous reproduction of the bush, do not rush to separate the young shoots. The daylily roots are fragile, and the better the root system is, the faster the plant adapts to the new place. To begin with, a lump of excavated earth is placed in a basin of water. After the soil is completely disintegrated, the rhizome must be washed in clean water. Now you can gently separate the young shoots and remove the damaged or diseased areas. It is necessary to divide the bush so that each shoot has as many roots as possible. The landing process itself also has some special features:

• divided shoots before planting pruned rhizome at a distance of 15-20 cm from the root of the neck;
• planting material can be treated with ashes, this is to protect the trimmed parts of the root from infection by fungus;
• the hole should be a few centimeters wider and deeper than the root system of the seedling;
• inside the well, a well-compacted cone is made from a mixture of compost, sand, charcoal, fertilizer and fertile land, the sides of which distribute the roots of the seedling;
• after planting, the plant must be watered, and further moistening is carried out as needed, taking into account the air temperature.

An adult plant transplanted in spring, if the bush has a large root, can please flowers in the same year. But the young shoots after transplanting to a new place will only bloom next summer.

Features of the summer transplant

Although daylilies are not demanding of conditions and can take root in a new place at any time of the year. Replanting plants in the summer is not desirable. At this time of the year, the peak of flowering shrubs falls, during which the plant gives all its strength to the formation of flowers and seeds. Therefore, relocation and damage to the root system will not benefit. If it is not possible to choose another time for transplantation, it is necessary to dig a flower, following a number of recommendations:

• during the summer transplant, children cannot be separated from the main bush and reproduced;
• replanting daylilies in the hot season, you need to carefully handle the root system and the integrity of the excavated coma;
• if there are rotten areas, they must be removed, and the cut sites treated with ashes;
• it is better to replant a flower in the evening when the temperature drops;
• the transplanted plant needs to be loosened (this will provide the best oxygen supply and allow moisture to be retained) and water abundantly.

During the summer transplantation, it is better to cut the flowers and the stems themselves, so that the plant does not spend strength on feeding the trunk, but rather takes root. The cutting is done at a height of 15 cm from the root at an angle of 45 °.

Autumn transplant: pros and cons

Autumn transplant is a fairly common case. But before embarking on a flower, it is necessary to figure out when daylilies can be transplanted so as not to harm the plant.

As it was already written above, in the northern regions transplanting in the fall is undesirable. However, it is not necessary to delay the procedure with flower growers from southern latitudes. It is necessary to have time to change the place of daylilies approximately 1.5-2 months before the onset of the first frost. Otherwise, the gardener risks ruining the plant. The most suitable transplant will be from late September to mid-October. However, individual varieties can safely tolerate lower temperatures. This information is usually placed on the packaging of the seedling.

But the onset of cold weather is not the only nuance that should be taken into account in the autumn transplant of daylilies:

• unlike summer time, in the fall it is better to replace the flower in the daytime, until the air temperature has dropped;
• in a rainy autumn on the site prone to disintegration, daylilies need to have good drainage;
• the plot can be drained not only by adding sand to the soil, but also by arranging raised ridges;
• choosing a new place for daylily, you need to make sure that sunlight gets on the plant at least 6 hours a day.

Daylilies - amazing beauty and variety of flowers. And for their high resistance to diseases, undemanding of the ground and lighting, they rightfully occupy the first position among the favorite plants among growers.

The uniqueness of the daylily is also in the fact that this flower combines tremendous endurance with unique tenderness. Daylily flowers bloom just 1 day, after which the delicate petals fall. And in order to observe this miracle, you need quite a bit of work. Observing the recommendations of proper transplantation and cultivation, every summer you can admire the refined beauty of the daylily.

Daylilies have been leading in the ratings of popular perennials for many years. They have undeniable merits: unpretentious in growing and care, decorative throughout the season, long bloom, and a collection of varieties and hybrids has tens of thousands of plants with different shapes and colors of flowers.

Choosing a landing site

It is believed that daylilies can grow anywhere, because in their homeland - in the Far East, they feel great in the shady forest corners.

But in the temperate climate of central Russia, daylilies in the penumbra will not have enough heat for luxurious flowering, and such planting will not allow the plants to show all their potential. It is better for them to choose sunny, protected from the wind areas.

It is desirable that the plants are fully lit at least 5-6 hours a day. Daylilies with a delicate color of flowers need light throughout the day, and varieties with a rich and dark color in the heat need midday shading from burning out.

The soil

The soil for daylilies should be neutral or slightly acidic. The land for plants is prepared in advance and carefully, because in a permanent place the daylilies will have to grow for a long time - 6-15 years.

They dig up the soil to a depth of 30–35 cm. Compost, peat, and sand are introduced into heavy clayey so that moisture does not stagnate. Sandy soils, on the contrary, are light and poorly retain water and nutrients, therefore they enrich them with humus, add clay.

When the groundwater is close to the ground, daylilies are planted on ridges 10–15 cm high.

How to choose a quality planting material with the purchase?

Shops and garden centers for landing offer daylily rhizomes. Before buying, you should carefully inspect the transparent plastic packaging and make sure that the root system is live, healthy and dense. It should be borne in mind that if the roots are small and they are weak and thin, then such a plant will gain strength for flowering for another 2–3 years. Rhizome should not have soft and rotten parts.

When buying new products, you should find out how the variety or hybrid is adapted to the local climate. Every year hundreds of new daylilies appear on the market. Most of these plants are derived in the subtropics of the United States and it may happen that in the middle of Russian latitudes their acclimatization will take place with difficulty, so experts often advise flower growers not to forget about the old reliable and proven varieties.

Landing

An important point in the cultivation of daylilies - landing in the ground. It is carried out in the spring in May or at the beginning of September. Prefer spring planting, such plants take root better.

If a sapling is purchased late in the fall or in the winter, then a healthy rhizome can be stored without losses for several months until planting. Plants are placed before the awakening of the kidneys in a cool place with a temperature of 4-8 ° C.

Before planting, the dead and rotten parts of the roots are removed, treated with a solution of any fungicide for disinfection. If the planting material has been stored for a long time and the roots have dried, then it is soaked for several hours in a solution of humate or root. Healthy roots will come to life quickly with this treatment, dried out parts will also be visible - they are cut off.

Planting pits in diameter should be larger than the root system. The distance between them, depending on the degree of growth of bushes is 0.5–1 m.

In the prepared wells add nutrient mixture of compost, garden soil, peat. Additionally, you can add mineral fertilizers and ashes. The day before planting, it is desirable to shed the soil, so that the earth is a little settled.

In the center of the landing fossa form a small hill on which the root neck is stirred. It can not be deeply deepened, it will reflect badly on flowering. The depth of embedding of the root collar should not be more than 2.5–3 cm. Roots are freely distributed around the well. Rhizome neatly covered with earth, compacting the soil around the seedling and watered. In the first days after planting, the roots continue to be watered regularly.

Care

Watering

Moisture is especially important for plants in the spring, when flower stalks are laid and in summer during flowering. Regular deep watering is preferable to frequent and superficial. Depending on weather conditions, plants are watered 1 time in 7-14 days. This mode of irrigation is enough for the roots to accumulate moisture. It is watered in the morning or in the evening, making sure that the water does not fall on the delicate petals of flowers. After watering the plants weed and loosen.

Top dressing

If young daylilies are planted in fertile soil, then they do not need additional feedings in the first year. Due to an excess of nitrogen fertilizers, the plant will grow green leaves to the detriment of flowering.

Fertilizers are applied in phases: at the beginning of spring growth, in the summer before flowering and in the beginning of autumn. In the summer and autumn, top dressing should contain potassium and phosphorus, important nutrients necessary for laying the future flowers in all peduncles.

Daylilies love liquid fertilizing with organic-mineral fertilizers. Dry mineral fertilizers are scattered around the bushes, then buried in the soil and watered. The dosage depends on the age of the daylily and the type of soil.

Particular attention should be paid to the old overgrown bushes, the soil around which is exhausted by flowering.

In old, overgrown bushes, the root collar becomes bare with time, therefore, every year around the base they pour a humus layer of 2–3 cm.

For plants, mulching is useful around the bushes. This improves the composition of the soil, protects against overheating, protects from frost and weeds. Dry peat, compost, crushed pine bark are used as mulch. Do not use fresh sawdust. To prevent wood mulch from becoming a haven for slugs, granules of pest or superphosphate preparations are scattered around the plantations.

Transfer

At one place daylilies can grow for a long time up to 15–20 years. During this time, the bush grows, ages, the flowers become smaller. This is noticeable after 7–8 years. Therefore, every 5-6 years, plants need to rejuvenate. Daylilies can be transplanted throughout the season, but it is preferable to do this at the beginning of spring leaf growth - in April-May or in August-September with the onset of the dormant period. With a spring transplant, rooting will be faster and more successful.

How to cover flowers for the winter?

Daylilies tolerate wintering well in central Russia. Most have enough natural snow cover. But for the reliability of planting, thermophilous daylilies are mulched in the autumn with a layer of 2–3 cm or covered with spruce leaves. Also, bushes can spud earth to 15-20 cm in height. Previously, the entire dry aerial part is cut off. Shelter is especially important in the first year for young autumn plantings.

With the arrival of spring, the shelter is removed, the mulch is pounded from the base of the bushes so that it does not interfere with the growth of new shoots.

Breeding

Daylilies are propagated by dividing the bush, seeds, stem cuttings.

Dividing bush

This is the most common way in which the plant retains all parental signs. Apply several ways to divide the daylilies: with digging bushes or without removing it from the ground.

The bush is dug completely together with the root. Rhizome washed with water. It is so easy to get rid of pests, all parts are clearly visible and it is convenient to divide the plant. Then the peduncle and leaves are removed, leaving shoots 10–15 cm high. Old bushes are dried, then the plant is cut into pieces so that each has a part of the root collar with a bud. In order for the delenok to form more decorative greenery, 3-5 shoots are left for them.

Strongly overgrown bushes are problematic to divide. In such plants, young roots grow along the edges of the bushes, and these parts will quickly take root after separation. Delenkam from the middle of the bush without young roots need time for rearing, because these parts are more injured. There are more dead and long roots that are pruned. Delenki from the middle of the bush is planted on a temporary bed, and after 1-2 years - on a permanent place.

At the end of the summer, young rosettes can be separated from the loose daylily bushes without having to dig up the mother bush. To do this, choose two or three-year bushes with their own roots.

Without digging in the spring can be divided not very expanding varieties of daylilies. A sharp shovel from a vertical position cuts a bush along marked lines, then prunes it from the bottom and removes delenki from the ground. This method requires experience and skill. Place the cuts on the roots sprinkled with wood ash.

Seed propagation

This breeding method is more often used by breeders to produce new varieties and hybrids. Seeds of daylilies are stored for a short time. Planting is carried out under the winter freshly harvested seeds or in the spring of next year. Daylily seeds need cold stratification. When sub-winter sowing, this procedure takes place in the soil in a natural way. In the spring - the seeds are pre-incubated at low temperatures of 2–3 ° C for a month. They are buried to a depth of 2–3 cm. Flowering in daylilies grown from seeds starts at 2–3 years.

Reproduction stem cuttings

In some varieties that bloom in August, 1-3 new bushes form in the axils of the peduncles. When they grow, several pairs of leaves and root tubercles will appear on them. After the peduncle dries out, the sockets are carefully separated from the mother bush. You can cut the cuttings and with a piece of the stem in 3-5 cm. The leaves on the rosettes are shortened by a third, then the cuttings are planted in a nutrient substrate for rooting. The first time, make sure that the soil does not dry out, periodically sprayed, prituit plants.

Diseases and pests

Daylilies are lucky, they are distinguished by good health, resistant to diseases and rarely affected by pests.

Of the diseases, the main danger for daylilies is root rot. Its pathogens can be bacteria or fungi, and the cause - waterlogging.

Signs of the disease - growth retardation and yellowing of the leaves. They become sluggish, sticky, easily detached from the base. Urgent measures taken immediately at the first symptoms of the disease. The plant is completely excavated. The roots are washed in a solution of potassium permanganate, all the affected parts are cut out with a sharp knife, and then sections are sprinkled with a fungicide.

From pests before flowering problems delivers daylily mosquito. It multiplies, laying eggs in buds. Damaged buds do not grow, are deformed. They are cut off and destroyed.

Overwintering in the soil caterpillars scoops  early spring can damage and destroy young shoots and buds of the plant. Pests are destroyed by weeding between rows, treating daylilies with insecticides. The use of poison baits is also effective.

In any garden you can find a small corner for daylilies. This is a grateful plant. For minimal care, it will please its owners a beautiful bloom. Daylilies are good not only in flowerbeds, in borders or on, in bouquets they look no less festive and luxurious!

Tips experienced growers on the cultivation of daylilies you can find out by watching the video.

The popularity of the daylily is increasing every day. After all, no amateur grower can resist the beauty and wondrous aroma of this excellent flower. It is not necessary to be a professional in this matter, you can plant varieties of the day-lily yourself in open ground, and then take up their reproduction and cultivation.

Daylilies unpretentious plants and with proper planting they will grow in all climates. But in order for the bushes to look healthy and well-groomed, and the flowers bloom profusely, it is necessary to take proper care to the fullest.

Daylilies are very diverse in color and shape.

Varieties and varieties of daylilies

World breeders are working tirelessly to improve the daylily varieties, bringing out more and more new varieties. Today, there are more than 70,000 of them. Most of the new varieties that fall into our region are of American origin, although there are no inferior domestic species to them.

Daylily red

Daylilies are classified according to several parameters:

• the type of growing season (dormant, evergreen and semi-green);
• a set of chromosomes (diploid and tetraploid);
• smell (fragrant and not smelling);
• form (terry, spider-like, of indefinite form and all the rest);
• coloring (divided into 11 groups from almost white to almost black, since pure white and pure black colors do not yet exist);
• flowering time (very early, earlier, medium early, medium, medium late, late, very late and re-flowering).

The best varieties of daylilies - photo

Chang Dinesti  (Chang Dynasty Stamile, 2008) - coral-pink flower with an orange wavy border. This is the so-called chameleon: depending on weather conditions, it can change color from completely red to pink-orange. Differs in abundant flowering - more than 50 buds are formed on each peduncle.

Variety Chang Dinesti

Paula Dusk  (Polar Dusk. Stamile, 2011) - the most perfect pink flower with a luxurious creamy yellow border in the form of ruffles and folds. Another pleasant characteristic of it - the diamond coating - shine on the surface of the petals, as from a placer of small diamonds.

Sort by Paula Dusk

Robin Lee  (Robin Lee. Hansen, 2010) - pink-red flower with a slightly corrugated white edge. Despite its impressive size, it creates the impression of transparency and weightlessness due to the elegant shape and harmonious combination of the main color with the border.

Variety Robin Lee

How to plant

No matter how unpretentious a plant is for its vital activity, it is necessary to create appropriate conditions. First you need to decide on the landing site. All varieties of daylilies in one way or another prefer sunlight. Flowers with light color (yellow, orange, white, etc.) love to grow in direct sunlight, but daylilies with flowers darker (purple, purple, red) should be planted in partial shade, as they will quickly fade in the sun and wilt.

The ideal soil for the cultivation of daylilies is rich in organic loam, and other important ones are suitable, so that they are not depleted, and their acidity corresponds to the limits of the norm (6-6.5 pH).

Varieties with dark flowers better planted in partial shade

Before planting, you need to carefully examine the seedling, if there is a need, cut off the dead roots. Next, soak the daylily root system in a growth stimulator. It can be prepared independently from willow branches, by infusing them in water for 2 days. In the resulting infusion placed the plant for 4 hours.

Planting daylily in the open field is carried out as follows:

• dig up a spacious landing hole with a depth of 40-45 cm;
• throw a handful of organic fertilizer;
• inside the pits make a small hill size, compacted, to get a slide;
• daylily is planted on a hill, as if on a hat, neatly straightened the roots and covered with earth.

Young daylily bush

Attention! The distance between the seedlings do not less than 40 cm, otherwise they will drown each other during growth.

Suitable daylily care

After planting, plants need watering and care. There are no strictly defined rules. Experienced growers based on their practice, it is recommended to adhere to some simple rules when growing daylily.

1. Planted cultures are watered daily for 7 days. Adult daylilies will only be moistened during long droughts, and with exceptionally warm water, which is poured at the root.
2. To prolong flowering, regularly cut off faded flowers and faded stems.
3. The root neck of the daylily is deepened strictly by 2 cm, otherwise the flowers may not appear at all and will have to be transplanted.
4. After watering, it is necessary to loosen the soil.

Watering the daylily

Top dressing and daylily fertilizer

Of course, daylily fertilizer should be carried out, but before that it is necessary to study the composition of the soil on the site and, based on the result, apply certain fertilizers.

The main rule - fertilizers are applied not earlier than 14 days after rooting. Mainly for young plants 2-3 supplements per season will be enough, but for more adults (5-6-year-olds) and even plenty of flowering - 4-5 doses will be needed.

1. In early spring, they bring in a full range of mineral fertilizers, for example, one of the most common NPK 16:16:16 (1 tbsp of granules per 10 liters of water).
2. In April-May, in order to help the growth intensity, emphasis is placed on complex fertilizers with a large amount of nitrogen (nitroammophosphate, ammophos, diammonium phosphate).
3. In summer, during flowering, you can feed daylilies with organic matter: with a solution of mullein, chicken droppings or fermented grass.
4. At the end of flowering, before the onset of new growth (in early autumn), fertilizer is carried out with nitroammophotic or sulphate with ash, depending on the climatic zone. This dressing helps to increase the size of flowers, as well as their number in the new season.

Daylily must be fertilized several times during the growing season.

Daylily breeding

There are several ways to reproduce daylilies, which have their advantages and disadvantages.

Dividing bush

The easiest and most common way to get young daylilies, which by all indications will be identical to the mother. If necessary, the bush can be divided throughout the vegetative period. As a rule, separation is initiated when the plant reaches 3-4 years of age. Another signal for transplanting - chopping flowers. The optimal time of division - the first half of summer - the beginning of autumn, then the plant will have time to get stronger before the onset of frost.

Daylily bush division

Seed propagation

It is used only for breeding activities, as in the daily life of the daylilies planted by this method are not able to maintain their specific characteristics.

Reproduction by offspring

At observance of all norms of transplantation, it allows to increase the number of plants from one producer, while maintaining all species characteristics. But before planting sockets in open ground, you should plant them in pots and put them in a warm place for a few weeks.

Daylily breeding by scions

Important! If it is still 6-7 weeks before the frost, plant the sprouts in the fall, and if they did not take root, then in the spring (in the middle of May).

Diseases and pests of daylilies

Compared with other neighbors in the flower garden, daylilies rarely get sick, and the pests do not hunt for these magnificent flowers, but still this kind of trouble sometimes happens.

Daylilies are mainly affected by root rot, fungal and viral diseases, spotting, rust and fusarium. To prevent these diseases, plants are treated with fungicides. But if the trouble still happened, the bushes are dug out, the rhizomes are placed in a solution of potassium permanganate, dried, and then planted in a new place.

Daylily Rust

Daylilies are invaded by several species of insects. Most spread of them:

• thrips. Arise in early spring from the ground and suck the juice and nutrients from the stems and buds of the plant. To destroy them, the burned bushes are burned, and the soil in the flower bed is treated with insecticides;
• lily midges. They live in buds, so in order to get rid of them it is enough to cut the peduncle;
• spider mites, slugs, aphids and bedbugs. Methods of control are the same as in cases of damage to other plants.

Daylily: combination with other plants

Despite its greatness and variety of colors, daylilies harmoniously fit into almost all color compositions, the main thing is to choose plants that will perfectly match their color, shape or texture.

The mono composition will be brighter and richer if daylilies of pastel shades are combined with monophonic gravilates, and bright lilac or crimson with geraniums, monards, bells and cuffs.

Daylily on the flowerbed

Daylilies are excellently suited to the Thunberg barberry, geyher and zhivuchkam, as well as shrubs - elder, chubushnik, turquoise, if they are evenly distributed across the mixborder.

The ideal neighbors of daylilies are phloxes, since they bloom almost simultaneously, and even in terms of color they are ideally combined with each other. For example, lilac phloxes will complement lavender daylilies.

Daylily in landscape design - photo

Due to such a variety of colors daylilies are actively used in garden design.
  Before filling the flower beds should be carefully thought out, and even better to make a detailed plan of the flower garden, taking into account all the nuances. It should be borne in mind: the frequency of flowering, the height of the selected varieties of daylilies, their color, as well as harmony with the general background.

Daylily in landscape design

Growing a daylily is a delicate matter that requires special attention, but the wasted efforts and labors are soon justified by the unearthly beauty and amazing aroma of this graceful flower.

Unpretentious daylily: video

Varieties of daylilies: photo

Probably there is not a single grower who would not know about daylilies. They can be seen in grandmother's front gardens, and in modern gardens. They say about him: “the flower of an intelligent lazy man”, “planted and forgotten”. Florists tell each other the myths that if the daylilies are fed, they will not bloom. This is all wrong!

The original appearance of the daylily has changed beyond recognition. Modern hybrids require more attention, but the great difficulties will not deliver. During the short growing season, they should increase the green mass, form flower stalks, bloom with gorgeous flowers and set seeds (if there was pollination). And our winters! This is a huge stress for hybrid varieties.

The fact is that most modern hybrids come from the southern states of America. In short, these overseas sissies simply need our help so that they can fully disclose all of their garden qualities in the difficult conditions of Central Russia. With just six correct steps, you can effortlessly grow this beautiful perennial in your gardens.

Step 1 - selection of the landing site

Some flower growers claim that daylilies will grow fine in partial shade and even in the shade. Of course, such a place is suitable for species of daylilies, which in nature grow on forest edges, among bushes. But if we are talking about modern hybrids, then in our climate only in the sun they will be able to fully manifest all their garden qualities. Hybrid daylilies should receive sunbaths at least 6 hours a day. However, it should be remembered that when planting in the sun, dark-colored varieties and varieties with a dark, almost black eye, burn and acquire the characteristic brilliance of the petals. Almost white varieties are best planted in the sun. In this case, the barely noticeable shades of pink, yellow, melon color, present in the coloring of such varieties, fade in the sun, and the daylily becomes almost white.

Step 2 - landing

Daylilies prefer neutral or slightly acidic soil with a pH of 5-7. On highly acidic and alkaline soils, they will be depressed.

The best time for planting new daylilies and dividing old bushes is spring, as well as the end of August - the beginning of September. At later terms, the probability of death of the plant in winter is possible, since rooting daylily takes about a month. When planting in the autumn, you can insure yourself and make a pile with earth or sheet humus, pouring a mound 10-15 cm high on the base of the plant. Remove the pile in the spring. Peat and sand is better not to use.

If the need arose, then it is possible to replant daylilies, even flowering bushes, throughout the summer season. After transplantation, the plant is best pritenit.

If you have nutritious garden soils on a plot, then for planting a daylily, it is enough to dig a hole of such a size so that the roots of the plant can easily accommodate it. On heavy soils, the landing pit is twice as large as the root system and filled with pre-prepared soil. To improve the mechanical composition of heavy loams, they need to be mixed with high neutral peat and sand in a 3: 2: 1 ratio. Add leaf humus and compost.

At the bottom of the planting pits form a mound and place a daylily on it, gently straightening the roots in different directions. We begin to fill the ground, pressing the roots on all sides with his hands, but do not fill the entire hole at once. We spill with water, pour in the ground, once again compact the soil. When planting on heavy soils, the root neck is buried by about 2-3 cm. On sandy soils, the planting depth may be 4-5 cm. A couple of handfuls of ash should be added to the planting pit. As is known, ash contains such important macronutrients as phosphorus and potassium, which are necessary for plants to grow the root system.

The distance between plants when planting is 60-70 cm. For curb short-growing varieties, this distance can be reduced to 30-40 cm. While daylilies will grow, empty spaces between them can be taken as annuals or perennials, which can then be easily removed.

In the first year, flower stalks from daylilies are recommended to be removed in order for plants to root faster. However, the removal of the peduncle can completely provoke the appearance of a new one. On my daylilies, I leave a spike with 2-3 buds, I pull out the rest. The plant performs the program “flowering-reproduction” laid down in it and at the same time does not lose much strength.

If the planting material was stored for a long time, and the roots dried out and wrinkled, then soak them in water for several hours before planting. As soon as the roots swell and are saturated with life-giving moisture, you can start planting.

3 step - watering

Adult daylily bushes have a high degree of drought resistance due to a powerful, deep and extensive root system. Its fleshy, thickened roots are able to accumulate an adequate supply of water. Water the daylilies should be as needed, according to weather conditions and the composition of the soil in your garden. Mulching landings will retain moisture and reduce the frequency of irrigation.

In the period of budding and flowering the need for daylilies in water increases greatly. Do not allow complete draining of the soil. Sharp fluctuations in soil moisture can often lead to the drying up of part of the buds on the peduncle. That is why, during the period of budding and flowering, uniform watering for daylilies is more important than ever.

Daylilies, like other perennials, do not like surface watering. It is better to water less frequently, but correctly, soaking the soil to a depth of 20-30 cm. It is best to water daylilies early in the morning or in the evening. You can not water in the midday heat. The optimum temperature for watering is + 20 + 25 o C. When irrigating with cold water, the roots of plants experience shock.

How to water daylilies - "at the root" or the method of "sprinkling" - each gardener decides for himself. It is believed that water droplets falling on the daylily flower during rain or watering cause damage and the formation of discolored spots on the petals. In my garden I water the daylilies by sprinkling all night, finishing watering early in the morning. The soil is moistened evenly, and by the time the flower opens, all the petals have time to dry. On high-quality varieties of spots and damage does not happen, and if a variety is prone to the appearance of spots, then this is a lack of a particular variety, and not a method of watering.

4 step - top dressing

There are no uniform recommendations regarding the daylily feeding. Adult bushes and newly planted delenki need different amounts of nutrients. Also consider the mechanical composition of the soil. The refined loam keeps nutrients better, and on sandy soils they are quickly washed out, especially in rainy summer.

For normal growth and development of daylilies, you need a balanced diet, which is provided by macro-and micronutrients. For dressing daylilies can be used as organic (mullein, horse manure, herbal extracts), and mineral fertilizers. Each grower decides for himself what suits him best. You can use the complex mineral fertilizers of prolonged action, which will provide the plant with nutrition during the entire growing season, as well as water-soluble complex fertilizers with microelements in chelate form. The latter are quickly absorbed by plants during root dressing, and spraying on the leaf (foliar feeding) gives the result already for 3 hours. But, unfortunately, the effect of water-soluble fertilizers does not last long, up to two weeks. Root top dressing can be alternated with leaf top dressing.

For the proper use of fertilizers, it is necessary to understand what effects macro- and microelements have on plants. The three main nutrients are nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium. The plants need them first, as they are consumed in large quantities for growth and life.

An important rule: before feeding plants with liquid and granulated fertilizers, they must be well shed. When dry, the fertilizer should be spread between the bushes, then ground up in the soil and spilled again abundantly. It is necessary to sprinkle fertilizer very carefully, so that the granules in no case fall into the center of the leaf outlet

For daylily feeding, you can use the standard scheme:

1 top dressing - spring, active growth.
It is done during the period when the soil warms up to + 6 + 8 degrees Celsius, in late April - early May. It all depends on weather conditions. Usually daylily leaves at this time have grown to a height of 10-15 cm. We use a complex fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, as well as trace elements. Nitrogen will give a good start to growth, and phosphorus and potassium will contribute to the development of the root system.

2 feeding - the period of budding.
For more quality flowers in this period, you can use fertilizers with a smaller amount of nitrogen, with a shift in the direction of potassium. Also during this period, daylilies need trace elements such as calcium (CaO) and magnesium (MgO).

3 feeding - the end of August - the beginning of September.
At this time, the daylily comes a short period of rest. It is necessary to feed phosphorus-potassium fertilizers, which stimulate the budding of flower buds for flowering next year, as well as increase plant resistance to adverse winter conditions. You can use the autumn complex fertilizer, with a low nitrogen content and a large percentage of phosphorus and potassium. For autumn dressings, ash is perfect. Nitrogen is not in it, but contains about 30 macro-and micronutrients. Now phosphorus is needed more than ever, the daylilies that have been divided. It promotes the formation of the root system and accelerate the survival rate of plants.

In rainy summer, when nutrients are especially quickly washed out of the soil, foliar dressing can be done - spraying on the leaf. After all, as you know, liquid dressing on the leaves is several times more effective than root. Extra root dressing can be carried out only in the morning or in the evening. For these purposes, you can use liquid concentrated humate fertilizer with macro - and microelements, as well as complex water-soluble fertilizer. You can use infusions of chicken manure, mullein, nettle, horsetail or any fermented grass. It is necessary to spray on the reverse side of the leaf, where there is the largest number of stomata on the leaves, with which plants absorb nutrients.

In the care of daylilies, you can apply standard fertilizer regimens or observe daylilies, and at the first sign of a lack of any nutrients provide them with first aid.

How to determine which nutrients your daylilies lack?

If the leaves become smaller, they lose an intense green color, the growth slows down and the shrub blooms poorly - this indicates a lack of nitrogen. With a lack of potassium in the soil, the browning of the edges of the leaves occurs. Old leaves turn yellow and die.

Freshly planted daylilies can be fertilized only 7-10 days after planting. If you have a fresh, nutritious soil, you may not feed the daylilies in the first year.

Whatever ways of daylily feedings you prefer, always remember that you need to apply fertilizers wisely. The most correct decision is to analyze the soil on the site, but usually very few people do it. Daylilies better underfeed than overfeed. Growing green mass can go to the detriment of flowering.

5 step - mulching

The use of mulch in flower beds has recently become increasingly popular. It inhibits the growth of weeds, prevents overheating of the soil and plant roots, reduces the evaporation of moisture from the soil surface. Mulch from bark of a pine and a larch of average fraction is usually used. The latter is more durable. A bag of 60 liters is enough for filling 1 square. m flower bed with a layer thickness of 5-6 cm. If you use mulch in your flower beds, then when feeding daylilies with granulated fertilizers, it is necessary to move it away from the bush and make sure that the granules fall into the soil, and not into mulch. It must also be remembered that when decomposing, mulch absorbs nutrients from the soil, especially nitrogen. Therefore, when feeding zamulchirovannyh plantings, the amount of nitrogen should be increased. During the season, mown grass can be used as mulch. It quickly overheats and saturates the earth with nutrients. There is one drawback - the process of overdosing the grass occurs fairly quickly and you often have to resume the mulch layer. There is also a chance to bring a large number of weed seeds into the flower garden if flowering plants were mowed.

6 step - trimming, preparing for winter

Beginning daylilies are very concerned about the question: when is it best to cut daylilies so they can overwinter well? Autumn or spring? Based on my personal experience, I can say that the timing of pruning does not in any way affect the quality of wintering of daylilies. You can do this at any time. If you decide to cut daylilies in the fall, the most important thing is not to cut too short and too early, otherwise daylilies will again grow, which is undesirable because of the approaching winter. Usually in October, when the first frosts come, daylily leaves are cut to a height of 10-15 cm from ground level. If pruning is postponed in the spring, then as soon as all the snow melts, it is necessary to quickly remove the limp and dried leaves. The process of rotting on the leaves can go to the root neck of the daylily.

Another question, not giving rest to daylily lovers: which types of daylilies better winter? Daylilies of all types winter well in our climate with sufficient snow cover. No special arrangements for the preparation for the winter (protection and shelter) of adult bushes are necessary, except for the spud of new autumn plantings in the first winter. The most important thing is that in the middle of winter there would not be long thaws, and in severe frosts there would be enough snow. Sleeping varieties sleep during the winter, and evergreens wake up during the thaw period and may begin to grow. In the absence of snow, subsequent frosts can destroy the awakened buds. But not so bad. Usually in spring, new replacement buds wake up on the root neck, and the daylily successfully grows and even blooms. True, there are unpleasant situations when the root neck is completely rotted. Fortunately, this happens quite rarely. Despite all the vicissitudes of our climate, you should not abandon the cultivation of evergreen daylilies, because among them there are real masterpieces.

In conclusion, I want to say that daylilies will not die without your care. They will grow and even bloom. But if you want modern hybrids to look healthy, well-groomed and delight in abundant flowering, give them some of your precious time. Believe me, they are worth it.