Useful tools for home. Essential tools for a home workshop.

Everyday clothes, home "first-aid kit", and without a home tool.

Often, “collecting” a tool for the home begins spontaneously, it is not planned, there are no special goals and objectives for this.

It was after repeated tightening of the bolts with pliers and painting window frames with the first brush. You have the idea that you need special functional tools.

After a revision of what you already have, and, having decided which home tool will be needed in the near future. And what - subsequently, you can gradually acquire new things, adding to the set of his workshop.

Choosing hand tools, be guided by the main criterion - quality.

Properties and reliability of professional hand tools differ from the characteristics of amateur, private. A quality tool from well-known manufacturers is expensive, but it is convenient, practical, durable.

What tool should be at home?

Hammers

The hammer, perhaps, can be attributed to one of the most ancient, man-made tools. It has been performing its functions for hundreds of years, and during this time its purpose has not completely changed, meanwhile, this tool has undergone the invasion of modern technologies.

1. The first place, in terms of prevalence, is held by small hammers (differing in square section with one-sided chimney stripe).
2. The next position is occupied by hammers, nails.
3. This is followed by wooden mallets, sledgehammers, as well as models with a rubber head and hammers used by bricklayers and tilers.

For the manufacture of imported and domestic products of high quality, hardened steel is used, their heads and handles are distinguished by high-quality processing, convenient handle shape and excellent balance (the latter factors are of particular importance for professional tools).

In some models, there is a notch on the striker to prevent the tool from slipping during a stroke.

Video about the types of hammers:

Screwdrivers

When working with threaded connections, all sorts of screws and screws, it is simply impossible to do without screwdrivers, which have become a home tool of particular importance.

The tool must be selected in accordance with the shape and size of the hardware spline:

1. The simplest slot is a straight, simple slot.
2. The most common - cruciform (type PH).
3. The slot can also be a reinforced cruciform, similar to a cross with a star superimposed on it and turned 45 degrees (such as PZ).

To check the conformity of the screwdriver to the slot, it is enough to insert a screwdriver's sting there. The screwdriver is suitable if plasticine is extruded completely.

The practice of an experienced home craftsman showed that it would be enough to have three screwdrivers with a straight “sting” and two cruciform in the collection.

When turning the screwdriver, it often becomes skewed about the axis of the screwed screw, so it is preferable to choose long tools: it is convenient to hold them strictly along the axis of the screw, ensuring reliable contact with the hardware.

It is better to choose screwdrivers, tips and rods of which are made of chrome-vanadium steel (appropriate heat treatment ensures the hardness and strength of the tool). In the firm screwdrivers, as a rule, the sting is processed in a special way to improve the adhesion with fasteners. This tool can have wooden or plastic handles.

Practice experienced home craftsman showed: the best option when working with an electrician are plastic handles, covered with rubber. Handles made of polypropylene, having elastic pads, are distinguished by a rounded triangular shape, ideally corresponding to the shape of the palm.

When electrical work is best to use an indispensable small screwdriver-probe, allowing to detect wire and parts under electrical voltage.

Video about a set of screwdrivers for the home workshop:

Marking and measuring tools

In any home workshop, the basic necessities are steel rulers, the length of which is 300–600 mm, and, of course, pocket tape measures, their length is 2–8 m. And not very convenient folding meters are now a relic of the past.

Universal home tool is a caliper that can measure the diameter of the hole in the wall or drill, the depth of the groove, the thickness of the board or steel sheet. For carpentry and plumbing to measure the angle is often used squares.

But, since modern decoration requires exacting dimensions, a level will be needed during home repairs. A flexible water level is leveled at small distances between measurement points. It includes a flexible hose, at the same time inserted into its ends, plugged with traffic jams, light graduated tubes.

The rake level is a durable and accurate metal profile with a measuring flask mounted in it, having a liquid and an air bubble.

The length of this most popular measuring instrument is 40-100 cm. At 1 meter of length, the error of professional levels is, as a rule, 0.5 mm, household - two times lower.

Marking on wood is usually done in chalk or pencil, on metal using a hardened scriber made of tool steel, as well as a center punch.

In addition, during the finishing work, beating is done with the help of such a specific tool, such as a masking cord, which is also useful to have in your own home workshop.

Video overview marking tool:

Pliers, pliers

Any economic work is not without ticks. Home repair, plumbing, electrical installation, carpentry and carpentry, metal processing - all these works can not be done without irreplaceable ticks.

The most versatile tongs are considered pliers that perform the functions of both pliers and nippers - notches with teeth allow you to wrap thin rods, couplings and small ones, the handles are insulated with plastic, which ensures safety during electrical work.

Pliers are pliers with "sponges" that have a pyramidal shape, a rectangular cross section and notches on the inner surfaces. They conveniently and reliably grab and bend the wire, sheet metal.

Carpenter pliers (nippers) pull nails out of wood. Circular pliers are necessary for making contact loops on electrical wires, etc.

An interesting video, what distinguishes between nippers, pliers, pliers and pliers:

Spanners

The most common type of wrenches are adjustable, having a smooth mouth, which are designed to grip nuts and bolts, the diameter of which, in millimeters, is 25 - 30, no more.

In this case, the distance between the “jaws” of the key is controlled by the built-in worm-rack and pinion gear.

In the universality of this home tool, its weakness is hidden - if you try to turn too tight nuts, the key may be damaged.

Another common type of wrench is a pipe (gas) lever.

The support of its movable "sponge" falls on the trapezoidal thread having a nut. Thanks to the claw-shaped key design and the ability to apply the wedging effect of the part, this tool is convenient to use when working with very tight threaded connections.

When doing household work, use keys designed to clamp pipes, whose diameter is 36-50 mm, not more.

Video about all kinds of keys:

P.S. We considered the most necessary tools that should be in every home.

But this list is not complete. Every home craftsman can complement the workshop with his own tools for repairs and hobbies.

For the construction of a country house will need a variety of tools. It is best to purchase them in advance, so that in the process of work you do not have to be distracted by searches for this or that tool.

For the construction of the house and its interior decoration requires many tools, which are divided into several groups.

Ground Tools

Earthworks will need the following tools:

2. Shovel with a straight cutting part.

3. A spade pointed.

4. With a straight cutting part.

5. With a flat bottom.

Pickaxe is designed for loosening solid ground. Instead, you can use the pickaxe.

The shovel with a straight cutting part serves to remove light ground and level surfaces.

A pointed spade is necessary for removing such soil as gravel. It is not suitable for leveling surfaces.

The shoulder of a shovel with a straight cutting part (Fig. 1) is needed for removing light soil and leveling surfaces.

  Fig. 1. Spade with straight cutting part

Spade handle with a pointed bottom (Fig. 2) is used for mixing and softening of various solutions used in construction.

  Fig. 2. Shovel with a pointed bottom

Plastering, masonry, concrete work tools

These types of jobs will require the following tools:

1. The hammer.

2. Jointing.

3. Brush and brush mason.

5. Trowel.

6. Mortar box.

7. Rake.

8. Platform for kneading solutions.

9. Concrete mixer.

10. Water barrel, bucket, watering can.

11. Tamper.

12. The rule.

14. Chisels and hammer.

15. Filzbret.

16. Plaster hook.

17. Plasterboard.

The hammer (fig. 3) of a bricklayer is a universal tool because it is suitable for many types of work. When choosing a hammer, pay attention to the nailing slot, with which you can easily get a crooked nail.

  Fig. 3. Hammer

The jointing is used for smoothing the joints of masonry on the front side of the wall (basement of the house), for laying chimneys, laying of stone.

The brush (fig. 4, a) and the brush (fig. 4, b) of the bricklayer are necessary for wetting the wall with water before plastering and facing work, for wetting the concrete floor and the plaster itself, for painting the surfaces with lime paint.

  Fig. 4. Tools for wetting the wall with water: a - brush; b - brush

Pliers are needed for cutting steel wire. The most convenient pincers with long handles (23cm).

A trowel, or trowel (fig. 5), is used to work with concrete: for plastering, smoothing down surfaces (for example, the floor), masonry.

  Fig. 5. Trowel

The mortar box (fig. 6) can be made independently or adapted under it a large iron trough or a barrel cut in half.

  Fig. 6. Mortar box

Rakes will be needed to mix powdered lime or cement with gravel and sand.

The platform for kneading solutions (Fig. 7) is necessary so that no foreign objects get into the box with the solution. It is made of boards in the form of a rectangle or square, along the edges of which small side boards are made.

  Fig. 7. Platform for kneading solutions

Concrete mixer (Fig. 8) can be with a gasoline or electric motor. With its help, concrete and mortar can be easily prepared.

  Fig. 8. Concrete Mixer

Water barrel, bucket, watering can. Having them on the farm never hurts. The barrel will allow you to have a constant supply of water, a bucket will serve for its delivery, a watering can - for watering mixtures.

Rammer (fig. 9) is a tool for compacting concrete. It is easy to make it yourself from wood.

The rule is necessary for uniform distribution of lime solution thrown on it over the surface. The recommended size is 20 x 110 cm.

  Fig. 9. Rammer

Graters (Fig. 10) resemble a rule in their form. The recommended grater sizes are 12 x 25, 8 x 20 cm.

  Fig. 10. Grater

The hammer (fig. 11, a) and the chisel (fig. 11, b) will be useful for minor work, such as gouging various holes.

  Fig. 11. Tools for gouging holes: a - hammer; b - chisels

Filzbret is a grater covered with felt. The working side of the grater is smeared with a plaster mortar with a thickness of 1 cm, after which the felt is glued to it. Then put the grater working surface down and press down so that the layer of gypsum mortar is reduced to 0.5 cm. To harden the solution on a grater for 30 minutes, put the load. The tool is used to smooth the plaster.

A plaster hook (fig. 12) is needed to attach planks of wood in order to evenly distribute the plaster both horizontally and vertically. In addition, the plaster hook is necessary for tiled work.

  Fig. 12. Plaster hook

Stucco used when plastering corners as a template. The size of the plank (its length) must coincide with the size of the angle.

Tools (devices) mason

The standard bricklayer kit includes the following tools:

1. Level.

2. Level-hose.

4. Meter folding.

5. Measuring rail made of wood.

6. Tape measured.

7. Square.

8. Cord twisted.

9. Template for markup.

10. Sight boards.

The level (fig. 13) is necessary to check the directions (horizontal and vertical). It is equipped with horizontal and vertical devices in the form of slightly curved glass tubes, inside which is alcohol. Two lines in the highest part of the tube indicate the vertical direction, the horizontal direction indicates the location of the air bubble between the lines of the second tube. The length of the level should be about 40–80 cm.

  Fig. 13. Level

When buying a tool pay attention to the fact that he retains readings in all directions. To do this, the level is rotated 180 °, having previously placed it on a plane, with a bubble that should remain between two measuring lines.

Level-hose (Fig. 14) is used in determining those points that should be at the same level, for example, when laying plinths, foundations, laying floors, etc.

  Fig. 14. Level hose

This type of level can be made independently from a simple garden hose. Both ends of the hose are bent upwards to a certain height, then transparent tubes with transparent tubes are inserted into them. After that, the hose is filled with water so that its level in the tubes is on the same horizontal line. At the same time, remove traffic jams and mark necessary points on the water column.

To increase the length of the level to 5 m, it can be attached to a bar with elastic bands (Fig. 15).

  Fig. 15. Level to check surfaces

Meter folding determine the size of small parts. To extend the life of the instrument, each joint is lubricated with engine oil.

Measuring rod made of wood is used in determining the size of large parts. The length of such a slat should be at least 3-5 m, width - 4 cm, height - 3 cm.

With the help of a folding meter over the entire length of the slats cause division every 5 cm.

Tape measuring elastic is needed when it is impossible to accurately determine the dimensions of the part using a folding meter and a wooden slats. As a rule, the tool is made of steel or linen tape.

The square is used when working with drawings for rectangular markings, during construction works to create right angles, etc.

A twisted cord (fig. 16) will be required to hang the details of the building, fences, paths, etc. To extend the life of the new cord, they are oiled. With the same purpose, an elastic band 1 m long is attached to one of its ends.

  Fig. 16. Cord twisted

The markup template is used to mark often repeated sizes. It can be replaced with a folding meter.

Targets (fig. 17) are necessary for stacking heights and planes.

  Fig. 17. Sight boards

Woodworking tools

The following tools are required for woodwork:

2. Kolovorot.

4. Percussion drilling tools.

5. Planer.

6. Chisel.

7. Gimlet.

8. Spiral drills.

9. Saw cross.

10. Archery saw.

11. Hacksaw.

The ax is used for cutting and cutting wood. The blade of this tool is wedge-shaped.

Kolovorot is the simplest tool for drilling holes. In addition, with its help, replacing the drill with a screwdriver, you can tighten and unscrew the screws.

A drill, like a brace, serves for drilling holes of various diameters. It is convenient to use, which saves not only strength, but also time.

Impact drilling tools are necessary for drilling materials such as brick, concrete, stone, glass, tile, metal.

The plane (fig. 18) is necessary for planing wood. Especially convenient plane with a double knife. For a large amount of planing work using a mechanical plane.

  Fig. 18. Planer

A chisel (chisel) (fig. 19) is needed to make through holes, recesses, etc. The width of the tool can be 0.5, 0.1 and 3 cm.

  Fig. 19. Chisel

Gimlet (Fig. 20), whose diameter is 0.5 cm, is used for drilling soft woods, such as pine, poplar, spruce, linden.

  Fig. 20. Gimlet

Spiral drills are designed for drilling hard woods, such as beech, oak, ash. For many homework you will need a drill with a diameter of 3, 5, 8, 10mm.

A crosscut saw is used for cross-cutting wood (Fig. 21).

  Fig. 21. Transverse saw

Archery saw (fig. 22) is used for cross-cutting and longitudinal sawing of materials.

  Fig. 22. Archery saw

Hacksaws are used for sawing various types of wood and other materials. In addition, nails will be needed. They are of several types (Fig. 23).

Fig. 23. Types of nails: a - nail straight, smooth, four-sided, with galvanized or plain surface for construction and carpentry; b - Duker nail, tetrahedral, not having a head; c - roofing nail, round shaped, used when working with cardboard, roofing paper, etc .; g - ribbed nail, round with a corrugated galvanized surface, necessary for joints with large tensile loads; e - a twisted nail, having a usual or secret head, is used in places with varying load (floor boards); e - a nail with a ribbed profiled surface; g - a nail with an enlarged cap in the form of a washer, round with a ribbed surface, used with an additional sealing washer to strengthen the roof; h - anchor nail, round with galvanized ribbed surface; and - solid nail, steel, used when working with concrete; k - nail round, acid-resistant with a rounded cap and a ribbed surface, used in places prone to corrosion; l - copper or bronze nail, panel with a ribbed surface and a decorative hat, used in places with high humidity; m - round nail with galvanized corrugated surface and wide head, used when working with bitumen plates; n - double-faced nail, used where it will subsequently be removed, for example in formwork; o - a round nail, roofing with a galvanized corrugated surface and with a rounded cap with a sealant, is used when attaching facing or roofing profiled plates.

Painting tools

Choosing tools for painting works, one should pay attention to the quality of the materials with which to work, to the size of objects or objects requiring staining, to the places of their location.

Tools for surface preparation for painting work:

1. Spatula (Fig. 24).

  Fig. 24. Spatula

2. Spatula flat.

3. Brush for flushing (Fig. 25).

  Fig. 25. Brush for flushing

4. Brush for sweeping (Fig. 26).

  Fig. 26. Brush for sweeping

5. Wire brush.

7. Hammer for removing rust.

9. Lamp soldering.

10. Trowel.

11. Plastering trowel.

13. Spatula.

Tools required for markup and measurement:

1. Level.

2. Meter folding.

3. Tape measured.

4. Wooden plank.

5. Paint line.

6. Chop cord with overhead.

7. Pencil.

8. Any coloring matter.

Tools required for applying the coloring material (Fig. 28):

1. Brush round.

2. Paint brush (Fig. 27).

  Fig. 27. Paint brush flat

3. Brush for painting heating devices (Fig. 28, a).

  Fig. 28. Painting tools: a - a curved brush for painting steam heating pipes; b - direct brush for coloring radiators; c - screw-on brush; g - flat brush

4. Paint roller.

5. Installations spray high and low pressure.

6. Spray bottle with pressure reservoir for coloring material.

In addition to tools for painting, you need to take care of various containers for storing and carrying materials. These can be cans, cans, jerry cans, barrels, drawers for bulk materials, buckets, bowls, etc.

Joinery Tools

The following tools should be prepared for joinery:

1. A plane (sheherbel, a plain plane, a plane with a double knife, a jointer plane, a grinder)

2. Chisel.

3. Various clamping devices.

5. Drills.

7. Scobel.

8. Workbench.

Planer is needed for planing wood. There are several types of planes, each of which has a block with a notch and a slot for a knife and shavings and a device for attaching a knife. The tool knife is set to the required chip thickness.

For rough work, sheherbel is used - a narrow plane with a rounded knife without a tongue. The usual plane, the knife of which is slightly rounded and not provided with a movable tongue, can be performed to smooth a poorly treated surface. For this purpose, the plane is angled to the surface, thereby preventing the appearance of scoring. Among the masters of special interest is the planer with a double, straight knife and rounded corners.

The plane-grinder is equipped with a narrow slot in the block and precise setting of the tongue, which makes it suitable for finishing.

The jointer, 60 cm long, is used for machining long parts.

A chisel is used to gouge holes for locks and studs. It consists of a handle of solid wood and a blade fixed in it.

To increase the strength of the connection parts will require clamping devices, such as a bollard, clamp, door clamp.

Cycle and scraping - tools for finishing. With their help, eliminate irregularities on the surface of a tree, processed by a plane.

Workbench refers to the equipment of the carpentry workshop. It performs almost all carpentry work.

Glass Tools

The following tools will be required for glazing:

1. Glass cutter diamond.

2. Glass carbide cutter.

3. Pliers (pliers).

4. Chisel.

5. Ruler.

6. The hammer.

Diamond glass cutter is considered the best tool for cutting glass. It is equipped with a metal hammer, in which there are slots for breaking glass.

Glass carbide cutter is used for glass cutting. Cutting is carried out with three rollers inserted into the heads with slots.

Pliers (pliers) are used for breaking glass that has already been cut.

Chisel is required for finishing the frame under glass, as well as for other works.

The ruler is used for more accurate and even trim glass.

The hammer is necessary to strengthen the glass in the frame.

Devices for transportation of building materials

For transportation will require:

2. Trolley.

3. The yoke.

4. Stretcher.

Wheelbarrow is used on a construction site as a vehicle. Working with her requires some skill.

It should be remembered that the load must be placed in the middle part of the car.

The cart is also used at the construction site as a vehicle. It is perfect for carrying heavy loads, thus facilitating the work of builders.

The beam serves for carrying baskets and buckets filled with water, sand, cement, etc.

Stretcher needed to move loads.

Tool sharpening

In order for the work to be of higher quality and not to spend too much effort, you need to ensure that all tools are well-sharpened.

For sharpening tools you will need:

1. Sharpened.

2. Bar.

3. File.

With the help of sharpener they sharpen the blades of the cutting tools. When grinding chisels, planes and chisels, the stone sharpeners rotate towards the blade (fig. 29). After sharpening the blade is ground with a bar.

  Fig. 29. Sharpened

In the process of honing the stone is moistened from time to time with water so that the steel of the tool is not annealed.

For sharpening the saw, a three-sided file is used, the size of which should correspond to the size of the saw teeth.

Before performing the work, the teeth of the instrument are bred so that they have equal height and width of the divorce. The divorce of teeth is done by special wiring or adjustable tongs. Before sharpening, the saw is tightly clamped in a vice so that the teeth protrude from the vice only 2 cm. It is necessary to ensure that for each tooth accounted for the same number of file movements.

The saw teeth, designed for working with raw wood, grind on both sides.

For sharpening blades chisel and planer to the grinding box attach support, which makes it possible to exactly and correctly sharpen the blades of tools. During sharpening, pay attention to the position of the tip: it must be completely adjacent to the grinding stone. After sharpening, the tip is slightly rounded, so that when working with the tool, grooves and notches do not appear on the wooden surface. To remove the chisel or plane of the burr from the knife, it is adjusted on the bar, performing circular movements and turning it one side or the other.

Tools such as chisels and punches are sharpened with an electric sharpener. The point and edge of the punch and chisel are not sharpened as sharply as the edges and edges of the tools used for working wood. During operation, it is necessary to ensure that the sharpening angle is more obtuse. In the process of sharpening from time to time the tool is cooled.

Cycle sharpen with a file. The finishing cycle is carried out before the formation of grata over the edge of the tip.

High-quality, neat holes are obtained with a well-sharpened drill bit. But it should be done only by a specialist. If the tool does not drill well, it can be slightly corrected with a simple knife file with a small notch with light counter-clockwise movements.

In order for cutting and other tools not to fail prematurely, they must be properly handled: stored in a strictly defined place, protect their cutting parts from dust, sand, moisture, etc.

Instruction

Before you run to the store to buy a tool, decide which household tools you will need. First and foremost indispensable in the house carpentry tools. It includes: a hammer, so that there is something to hammer a nail into the wall and the nails themselves, stock them in a dozen pieces of different sizes. From the carpentry tool still stock up on a hacksaw for gardening and a hacksaw for metal - it is useful for almost all types of work. For example, with a hacksaw, it is possible to saw not only metal, but also plywood, plastic and polystyrene, when you started repairs in the house. In the set of hacksaws, do not forget to buy a barrels - this is an indispensable thing if you need to cut a piece of plinth or a simple board, at a certain degree, for example, to create a joint of the plinth in the corner. It does not hurt in the house to have a set of chisels of different sizes and shapes, with their help it is convenient to cut uneven wooden surfaces, for example, the end of an interior door that does not close well.

A set of screwdrivers with flat or figured tips is also an indispensable thing in your home. With their help, you can solve many typical problems - screw the chandelier to the ceiling, assemble the purchased kitchen corner, fix various holders with screws. Accordingly, to a screwdriver, buy screws and screws of different sizes and diameters, they will be useful for many occasions. You will need a special screwdriver to work with electrical appliances, it has a rubber handle and several types of nozzles.

Purchase a specific electrical kit from the store. First of all, buy pliers - they will be useful to twist, with each other, wires or tightly hold thin parts. You will also need special tongs for cutting the wires. Get a screwdriver-detector, which is an indispensable thing when you need to determine the performance of the outlet.

From a power tool, be sure to buy a punch electric drill with sets of drills of various sizes and purposes - separately for wood, metal and concrete. Drill, an indispensable thing in the household, with its help, you can drill any hole in a piece of iron or in a wooden board. Using a special nozzle, a drill, you can replace the grinder to level the walls after plastering, other nozzles turn the drill into a Bulgarian.

Do not forget to purchase a paint tool: several brushes of various sizes. In your house there is always a place that you want to tint from inside or outside the home. Stock up on a pair of spatulas of different sizes, they are very useful when getting rid of cracks in the wall or in restoring a section of the wall, when the plaster falls.

We should not forget about the plumbing - be sure to buy in the store a standard set of horn and other varieties of them, these are indispensable things for the installation of taps, installation of pipes, water meters and other things. Stock up on a special cable to clean the sewer and drain pipes.

You will receive a review of ten useful tools that will be useful to the master of the house. Unusual tools in this Chinese store.

Video channel Chin Nye

According to reviews, it works faster than GOI paste. Need for polishing steel alloys, precious metals, ceramics, glass and even plastics. Designed to remove scratches and bring to a mirror shine almost any surface. Knives, decoration, glass, polished plexiglass, mirror, cell phones, car headlights. It does not take only sapphire crystal watches. Paste comes in different grains. Greens need polishing for deep scratches for the group, and white for fine polishing and bringing to a mirror shine. Paste must not be applied to the part itself. It should be applied on a polishing wheel or a soft cloth. For the best effect, you need to use a special nozzle for polishing on the drill.

2. Water leakage alarm

Complete set for emergency shutdown of water in case of leakage detection. The kit includes a controller, 2 motorized ball valves, for cold and hot water. 8 sensors for water detection. Cranes are mounted on the input to the house. And the sensors are installed under all taps. Under the bath, sink, toilet. Wherever water may appear. There is a half-inch by 3 quarters. Choose the size you need. With such a signal, it will be almost impossible to flood the neighbors.

3. A set of cutters

5 high-quality steel tools. Clamped into a drill chuck or dremel. Made in the form of rasps. With coarse and large notches. What kind of cutters are useful for processing wood and cutting out recesses and channels in it?

4. Stripping tool for wire insulation

Qualitative model of wire stripping. The blade is made of thick steel and will last a very long time. Stripping allows you to remove the insulation from the wires, wires, make longitudinal cuts. The tool is professional, so the price for it is appropriate.

5. The voltage indicator in the screwdriver

Inexpensive useful screwdriver with a voltage indicator. The probe allows you to find the phase in the outlet, determine the presence of voltage in the wire, ring the cable for integrity. He has a flashlight to illuminate the work area. Works with constant and alternating voltage.

6.Automatic multimeter

This is the cheapest model with automatic voltage range change. Very compact. Works from two batteries of dimension 3 a. In addition to the main features there are additional features. This is a dial with a squeaker, a diode test or a flashlight and a contactless voltage indicator. There are drawbacks too. These are fixed probes and a small current measurement range. Total up to 200 milliamps. Excellent pocket multimeter model, indispensable at home and at work.

7. Angled vice

A useful retainer for setting right angles to 90 degrees. The lips open at 65 mm. With the help of such disks you can quickly fix sheets of plywood, laminate and slats. At the correct right angle. And do not ask a friend to keep equal. You can handle yourself.

8. Contactless induction heater

Allows you to make an induction furnace for melting non-ferrous metals. Powered by direct current voltage 12-48 volts. Need currents under 20 amps. Therefore, car batteries are ideal. The heater must make water cooling. And then he will melt himself. The furnace is used to melt a small amount of metal. Or for heating metal products for the purpose of quenching and tempering.

9. Table saw

A small tool, powered by a constant current of 12-24 volts. The depth of the saw is small, only 11 mm. Due to the presence of the guide, you can smoothly cut duralumin. Wood, printed circuit boards. It is useful for the manufacture of rails or cutting sheet material.

10. Soldering auto soldering iron

Pistol greatly simplifies the soldering process. Releases second hand. You don’t have to keep solder with him or constantly sting him. It will be useful to those who often solves a lot. Soldering irons of this type are often used in manufacturing and significantly reduce the assembly time of electronics. Power 60 watts.

Our portal has already talked about what opportunities are opening up before a home craftsman who has decided to independently make furniture. In the article you can read about the basic principles and "tricks" that are used in the work of professional carpenters and the correct master cabinetmakers.

In continuation of the started topic in this article, we talk about what tools are needed for a novice joiner, and what popular sets should be purchased “for growth”.

• How to start choosing a tool for making furniture;
• Is it possible to make high-quality furniture without a special tool;
• What is the minimum set of good hand tools needed novice joiner. Our rating;
• How to choose power tools for the workshop;
• What kind of power tools used by professional cabinet makers. The best tool from a professional point of view;
• How to approach the arrangement of the furniture workshop;
• What distinguishes jointer from the surface gauge.

How to approach the choice of carpentry tools

A firm decision has been taken - to engage in the manufacture of independent furniture. However, desire alone is not enough - an appropriate tool is needed. This is where the main "underwater stone" lies.

Many beginning masters believe that without a large assortment of expensive and professional tools it is impossible to make high-quality furniture. The result of this popular approach is well known. A newbie either does not dare to start work, believing that “without this device, I won’t succeed,” or goes to the other extreme - “runs” shopping, buying the best tool without even realizing whether he needs one or the other. and how to use it.

However, at the initial stage it is quite possible to get by with a minimal set of reliable amateur-level tools. The main thing is to give yourself the opportunity to consciously approach the choice, guided by the principle: to buy a tool for a carpentry workshop as needed.

A good example of this approach is a bed made by the spouse of a member of our portal with a nickname Reginapiter.

Reginapiter FORUMHOUSE user

My husband and I moved to the village for permanent residence. We needed a double bed. The husband decided to make it without fail, although he didn’t hold a small hammer in his hands and didn’t make anything at all. My husband gave me his vision, and I painted the bed in a special program. As a result, we stopped at this option.

Boards and balusters that went to the legs of the bed were purchased at the nearest building materials store. Work began to boil, and that's what happened at the novice master in the end.

The most interesting thing is that this correct bed was made with a minimum set of hand tools, and all the details were cut out with a reliable garden hacksaw “taken away” from the wife!

Reginapiter

It was possible to buy a ready-made bed in a store, but the pleasure of work, and most importantly the end result, cannot be compared with anything. The husband, as they say, got into the taste, continued carpentry and after the bed made an insulated entrance door, and then a table.

Conclusion: you need to start making furniture with the manufacture of simple products that require the most basic reliable tools: stools, simple beds, simple tables, shelves, etc. And only after the passage of time, with the growth of skill, you can think about acquiring an expensive and professional tool. This is the only way to ensure that the purchase will be in demand, and not be a waste of money.

In the “furniture joinery” the main thing is to “feel” the tree, learn how to use the tool, see whether you like this thing. Only in this case you will create products that will be the subject of your pride.

You should also estimate in advance what kind of furniture you will make, cabinet - wardrobes, or entire kitchen sets, etc., or upholstered - sofas, armchairs. Or the soul is more to the solid furniture of the author's work, with an abundance of complex figured and carved elements. Each direction requires its own, specific tool, but you need to start with the formation of a basic and universal set.

The most popular tools for home joiner.

Woodworking tools

To simplify a task for yourself, all the necessary tools can be divided into three large groups:

1. Hand tool;
2. Equipment and consumables;
3. Power tools.

Let us dwell on each of these groups.

Hand tools include:

• Hand saw on wood and metal;
• Manual planers and jointer;
• Manual jigsaw;
• A set of wood chisels;
• Iron hammer-nail catcher;
• Rubber mallet with rubber or wooden striker;
• Furniture stapler;
• Pliers;
• Shoe knife;
• Awl;
• Adjustable wrench;
• A set of screwdrivers with a straight or cross tip;
• wire cutters.

Equipment and consumables:

• Vice for workbench;
• Clamps They act as a "third hand", allowing you to fix parts during processing or gluing;
• Pencil and marker;
• Forstner drills. Used for drilling non-through holes with a flat bottom (for internal hinges) in wood and plate materials: chipboard, MDF, etc. Due to their design, such drills do not tear the wood fibers, leaving behind a smooth surface;
• Ring crowns for wood. Used for cutting through a round hole of large diameter (20-130 mm) in wood, sheets of chipboard, etc;
• Drills on metal with a diameter from 2 to 10 mm, with a step from 0.5 to 1 mm;
• Carbide tipped drill bits. Used to drill concrete, to hang shelves, etc .;
• A set of bits for the screwdriver;
• A set of drills for wood, with a diameter of 2 to 12 mm.

A separate group should be allocated to the measuring tool.

These include:

• Roulette length from 3 to 5 meters;
• Metal ruler length from 50 to 100 cm;
• Metal square with a side of 30 cm;
• Level is 50- 60 cm long.

Having added this set with only a hammer drill and a screwdriver, a person with his hands can do a lot. In addition to the manufacture of furniture, these tools can be used for any repairs in the house or at the cottage.

Also, do not forget about the need for a workbench, because to work “on the knee” and get a quality product is impossible.

Sitnikoff FORUMHOUSE user,
  Moscow.

Furniture workshop is unthinkable without a workbench. I made my first workbench from a board of 100x50 mm. Boards were "junk" - the remainder of the waste at the construction site. Therefore, the workbench was not the most successful, but it still serves me as a mounting table.

Choosing a power tool for the carpentry workshop

If the choice of hand tools usually does not cause problems, then when it comes to choosing a power tool, a lot of questions arise. Therefore, it is important to make a basic list of the most necessary.

To the so-called Basic power tools, without which it is impossible or difficult to make furniture, include:

• Electric drill;
• Electric screwdriver;
• Jigsaw;
• Belt grinder.

This set is enough to start making, albeit not the most complex, but quality products. In the future, with the growth of skill and complexity of work, the list of the best tools will be updated.

When choosing a power tool for a beginner, the most important thing is not to go to the extreme, buying only the cheapest models or chasing expensive professional products from a high-quality manufacturer. It is worth adhering to the golden mean "price / quality" and choose a tool not at its cost, but one that will be convenient for you to use.

Beginner joiners often have a question: do you need power tools in the workshop, such as a milling machine, a jointer plane, surface gage, circular electric saws and at what stage they need to be purchased and what should be followed when buying, except for the price.

Archimed FORUMHOUSE user

I thought about equipping my workshop. It is necessary to process boards for wall cladding, and in the future I plan to make furniture. With a good hand-held tool, everything is clear, but there are a lot of questions on the use of electrical, and you have to get into the budget. I need expert advice on what I need to buy, what I need in the future. So far my rating is:

• drill;
• screwdriver;
• grinder;
• jigsaw;
• electric planer;
• circular saw;
• manual frezer;
• thicknessing machine.

Topic created by   Archimed,caused a wide response. Many professional masters offered their options for completing the workshop.

Sitnikoff FORUMHOUSE user

When I first took up woodworking, I needed to make a simple workbench, and I only had: a bow saw, a drill, an old plane, several chisels, Forstner’s drills and a shoemaker's knife. Everything. But I made a workbench. Now, after 10 years of carpentry, my ranking of the best tools is:

• Milling table with router;
• Manual frezer;
• Belt and eccentric grinder;
• Miter saw;
• Table saw;
• Several electric planers;
• Electric jigsaw, electric drill and screwdriver;
• Dust removal system;
• Grinder;
• Compressor for carpentry workshop with spray gun;
• Thicknessing machine.

This is not the whole list of power tools. Plus, I had to pick up a lot of hand tools.

And Sitnikoffdoes not plan to stop there and thinks to acquire:

• Jointer;
• Bandsaw;
• Drilling machine;
• Lathe wood;
• Install a chip removal and air ventilation system.

Summarizing

Answering the question asked Archimed   we can say that the possible set of tools of the furniture maker is directly proportional to its budget, the planned volume and complexity of work and, not least, the workshop area. After all, the entire tool will have to be placed somewhere - so that they are comfortable to use, and access to it is safe, not restricted or difficult.

You can make furniture, working and in a limited area, in the apartment, on the balcony, in the hallway. But any master sooner or later comes to the necessity of building his own workshop. Moreover, the workshop is well-planned, with communications, well-insulated, in which you can work all year round, without regard to weather conditions and the duration of the daylight hours.

To have a guideline for the future and understand what it will take to equip the furniture workshop “for growth”, you can use the following list. It:

• Stationary circular saw and milling machine;
• Miter saw;
• Disk immersion saw with guide rail;
• Band-saw;
• Thicknessing machine;
• Stationary jointer.

On the last two machines should focus, because sometimes novice carpenters are confused about their purpose.

In the jointer, the knife shaft is in the table, i.e. below, so this machine sets a flat plane - “base”. A planer, unlike a surface gage, does not make a billet of equal thickness.

At gauge knife is located on top, so this machine makes a plane parallel to the "base". If you run a billet with a “screw” or a “hump” into the gauge, then at the output we will get a planed curved billet.

Therefore, we first set the blank to the blank (we make the “base”), removing the “screw” or “saber” with the jointer plane, then we plan the blank into the specified thickness with a surface gauge.

Conclusion: to acquire an expensive, complex, professional tool is necessary not "in reserve", but only by moving to a new stage of its development as a master. In other words, you buy this or that tool only when you realize that your carpentry shop is already a small workshop and you cannot make any parts for furniture without it.

When working with power tools and on machines, safety precautions must be observed. Namely: wear goggles and thick clothes, fasten the sleeves, remove hair under a headwear for reliability. In the carpentry workshop, in a prominent place must necessarily be a first-aid kit.

And what should be the workplace cabinet-maker.